grew up half english, half afrikaans.south african. >> my name is lulama bongobi. i'm 24 years old. i'm zulu. proudly black. proudly african, i must say. >> well, i'm still trying to figure out this camera. i'm on assignment for cbs news, and i want to invite you into my world. i grew up in a very white, very staunch afrikaans militarized school. i didn't have any black friends. you knew the townships were there. you drove by them, but that was a whole different world, a world that didn't touch mine. >> the township that i grew up in is called montedebe. it's far away from town. it's far away from all the good things in life. that's where i grew up. that's where i was born. there was no tar road; it was just dust. there was running water in the house, but there was no hot water. it was a four-room house, so we didn't have a toilet inside. food was... i guess it was enough. but it wasn't the best. when i was growing up, i didn't understand the apartheid and white people are treating us bad. it really made me feel hurt to s

the next girl said afrikaans. two of the four little black girls said their favorite subject in school was the language of their oppressors, now, fellow citizens. afrikaans. that's how this country has a long way to go, still. i saw vivid evidence in these girls. >> they are picking up on the example of nelson mandela right there. he went to prison and insisted he learn -- as we see tony blair, kofi annan, the former secretary-general, that he learn afrikaans, the language of his oppressors, as well. >> there was a great activist, that said you can't dismantle the house with the tools. you have to use the master's tools. and you have to learn the language. you have to be intimately familiar with the rhythm, the cadences, the structure of being. the consciousness of the so-called enemy. and you lessen the gulf between you and the other person. there was a way in which his very activism bled over into his own -- you had to learn so-called the enemy, to make him your friend. nelson mandela won over, converted so many

and was reading four newspapers, one in afrikaans, one in english, one and zulu, and his mind was so sharp. he was brilliant, vibe rant, cheeky and charismatic and all the things you would expect from a man who changed the world. >> when you meet him for the first time he was a statue esque regal manned but he was so gentle, fine, funny. >> he was godfather to your child. >> what happened when helena was born he called and said, "i have named your child kasade because it means the one who took a long time to come", because when she sees me now she'll see an old man and start crying. >> he will be remembered as one of the people that made the world a better place. he did not like people to fuss over him, did not like the idea that people would want to say he's a saint, even though he was to some of us. he would have been the first to say, "i'm just an ordinary person trying to do my best." >> nelson mandela said a person should be buried near the place his life began. that was his wish. that's where he came to rest. nelson mandela was laid to rest in qunu, a small village where he gre

he asked the jailer to teach him afrikaa afrikaans.the day mandela was released, his speech was delivered in afrikaans. mandela famously said, if you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. if you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart. >> that's what he did and that's what he would strive for and he was loved for and would fight for while he was in prison, to have people live in peace. >> reporter: the jailer who became a trusted friend now remembering nelson mandela. that most unlikely friend, the jailer standing on that hill with me in cape town telling me that he'll never forget that bond they formed. of course, diane, that secret code, that little reference to his ear that they were being bugged. his allegiance was to his loyal friend. >> he kept teaching over and over again, consider the possibilities that even your enemies can change and give them a chance to change. thank you, david. >>> when we come back here, nelson mandela, his lasting imprint on the world. gorge stephanopoulos standin

on the day mandela was released, his speech was delivered in afrikaans.dela famously said, if you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. if you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart. >> that's what he did. that's what he strived for. that's what he loved for. that's what he fighted for while he was in prison, to have people live in peace. >> reporter: the jailer, who became a trusted friend, now remembering nelson mandela. >> incredible story there. he touched so many lives. talk show titan oprah winfrey also weighing in on mandela's passing. >> winfrey, who credits mandela as the inspiration behind her school for girls in south africa, said being in his presence was like sitting with grace and majesty at the same time. and she added, one of the great honors of my life was to be invited to nelson mandela's home, spend private time and get to know him. he was everything you've ever heard and more. humble and unscathed by bitterness. >> that is completely understandable. mandela once said sports has the power to cha

with me. >> simon: in afrikaans? that's right. and i didn't understand a word he was saying because i was so shocked. there was a feeling of guilt immediately over... overtaking my emotions, that i felt responsible for taking away so many years of his life. >> simon: you broke down? >> la grange: yes, yes, i started crying. >> simon: mandela hired zelda, brought her into his office. >> mandela: zelda la grange? >> simon: he wanted his old oppressors to know they'd be okay in the new south africa. zelda la grange had a role to play. so it was a political decision, you think. >> la grange: yes, definitely. there was some political thinking behind it for sure, some strategy, absolutely. >> simon: it wasn't long before zelda became his most trusted assistant. for the last 19 years, every pop star, politician, president, or pope who wanted to see the great man knew enough to cozy up to zelda la grange. we asked her about their relationship when we interviewed her back in 2010. and you became his granddaughter, didn't you?

yes. >> she said she was so nervous in that hallway, he began speaking to her in her own language, afrikaans effort to put her at ease. >> he saw that i was very emotional, and he said to me, "no, no, no. calm down. the humility of a hero, later visiting with oprah, asking her a question first. >> when mr. mandela arrived today, he said to our producer, what is the subject of today's show? >> after he left office at the age of 81 nelson mandela would focus on new fronts, among them work to combat the spread of aids. >> i cannot rest until the global response is sufficient to turn the tide of the epidemic. >> reporter: even a super hero slows down in june of 2004 before his 86th birthday mandela announced he was bowing out of public life deploying his trademark humor. >> i want to be in the position of calling you, to ask whether i would be welcome. the appeal therefore is, don't call me. i'll call you. >> one of those invitations to first lady michelle obama who visited mandela in south africa in 2011. we sat down with her right after. nelson mandela. >> yeah. >> what was it like in that roo

he would often recite afrikaaners poetry with me. when he first met with p.w.boto and f.w.ut rugby scores. it was very tactical and effective. >> an amazing astute politician. >> yes. as christiane amanpour said. and philosophical about life. that came in prison, wonderfully interesting years. in the 90s when he was out he came to see bill clinton. clinton was going through the tra vail of monica. he came to the united states a day early so he could spend time with president clinton and counsel him about all the pummelling coming his way. clinton said later what nelson mandela told him was, they can imprison you. your enemies can go after you. what you cannot give them is your heart and soul. you must keep that for yourself. if you can do that you can maintain your dignity. >> and nelson mandela did that throughout his entire life. david gergen, thanks for joining us. rick stangel fascinating as well, christiane amanpour no doubt we'll be talking a lot in the days ahead. thanks for watching cnn's special coverage of the death of nelson mandela. it continues next with wolf b

he spoke afrikaans.took on the story of the other and therefore was able to negotiate with them. >> he always insisted his jailers called him mr. mandela. they respected him. >> i'm struck by how many stories must be being told all around the globe. thank you. >>> we're going to begin with good news about the economy. the labor department reports that some 203,000 jobs were created last month. that number surpasses expectation. the unemployment rate also dropped to an even 7%, the lowest mark in five years. job growth especially strong? manufacturing and construction. >>> meanwhile, the fbi's investigating the shooting death of an american chemistry teacher on the streets of benghazi, libya. ronnie smith, you see him here just about to join his wife and young son in texas for the holidays. his murder comes days after al qaeda called for libyans to attack u.s. interests. >>> and an arizona family have survived this. this is the end of a car crash that sent that family plummeting 250 feet down a cliff. the

afrikaans] my government is equally committed to ensure that we use this longer period properly fully to bring into the decision-making processes organs of civil society. this will include the trade union movement and civic organisations, so that at no time should the government become isolated from the people. at the same time, steps will be taken to build the capacity of communities to manage their own affairs. precisely because we are committed to ensuring sustainable growth and development leading to a better life for all, we will continue existing programmes of fiscal rehabilitation. we are therefore determined to make every effort to contain real general government consumption at present levels and to manage the budget deficit with a view to its continuous reduction. similarly, we are agreed that a permanently higher general level of taxation is to be avoided. to achieve these important objectives will require consistent discipline on the part of both the central and the provincial governments. furthermore, this disciplined approach will ensure that we integrate the objectives o

they force classes to be taught in afrikaans.e language of the why minority that few blacks speak. the decision will prove disastrous. >> i was busy in my consulting rooms early morning of june the 16th, 1976. when i heard this hum, like the hum of bees. >> reporter: in the johannesburg township of soweto, students are marching against the new education measures. >> this is illegal. >> reporter: police are sent to quell the protests. they open fire on the students. >> from then on, soweto began to burn. >> reporter: news of the uprising spreads quickly throughout the country, as do other protests and riots. >> south africa was aflame. there was a struggle for liberation, for freedom that this government could not control. >> the soweto uprising of 1976 was a pivotal moment in south african history, and mandela realized it. >> reporter: in prison mandela reads about and is encouraged by the uprising. >> all of the work that he had done for all of these years was actually now bearing fruit, and that there was a revolutionary enviro

in 197, the soweto up rising began over being forced to learn afrikaans, the language of the oppressors. noone of the students who rioted now is principal of the school. >> wlater because of they were trying to educate us and we begin to understand why the situation, why the up rising. >> reporter: here the students learn as nelson mandela, to educate black students to the level of their white counter parts, to give them purpose. >> they have struggled to fulfill mandela's vision. schools outside cape town are more typical of the problems that the system is struggling with. activists argue there is now a dangerous gap between the promise of education and what is actually delivered. schools boast of 70% pass rate but to graduate students only need 30% of their examines. a third of them won't be literate by the time they leave. >> at the end of their 12th year study about 15% of those young people have fallen out of the system, so it also has to do with the courage, and the kind of training that our teachers have had. >> reporter: so schools are still struggling with the legacy of aparthe

he would make his request in their language, afrikaans hoping it would help get them to say yes.is name, nelson mandela and then his prison number, 466. >> reporter: the 466th prisoner that year, 1964. he would even asked a cherished friend why have you not written? >> do you forget your friend so easily? why are you not writing. >> reporter: finally they show us a note from his 71st birthday, a visit from winnie and his children and grandchildren. his real gift would come a year later, his release. >> there is mr. nelson mandela, a free man. >> reporter: we recall that promise he made to his children more than two decades earlier. i am certain that one day i will be back home to live in happiness until the end of my days. >> one day back at home until the end of my days, the cherished letters of a father, a husband and a leader and writing at the bottom of every letter, 466, prisoner 466 in the year 1964. >> thank you, david. thinking of those prison years as we know he used everything in his power to keep his dignity, used his charm to win over enemies. he used his charm to win

and if houses of worship across south africa, prayers lifted up for nelson mandela in english, in afrikaan. in zulu in all the many tongues of this truly rainbow nation. and he was really the one that kept them together and gave them the opportunity to begin again with his courage and compassion and his remarkable capacity for forgiveness. the family issued a statement on their behalf. they're in mourning, of course. they said we have lost a great man. a son of the soil whose greatness in our family was in the simplicity of his nature. >> terry, walk us through what will happen the rest of the week there in south africa. >> reporter: well, tuesday is the big day, george. that is when president obama and the other presidents and potentates and princes will come here to south africa. join 90,000 south africans here in the fnb stadium. that is the last place the public saw nelson mandela at the 2010 world cup. he was there. he'll be there in spirit as the country says its farewell to him. there will be three days for his body to lie in state so people can come pay a personal tribute to him. o

country well why didn't he the apartheid rule aimed at maintaining my ninety one dollars bill by afrikaans on existing british colony new rules. explains. paradise was officially born in nineteen forty eight years with the election victory of the african international patchy. the divided south african society into four races white black college and asian. segregation is applied in all walks of life. places such as beaches cinemas and hotels were largely reserved for whites. max went on to lead to bowls or own property and plays areas. many black people were reset them contain reservations known to spend just as the government granted independence to four of them. it can use this independence is stripping many black south africans of their citizenship. however south africa's until stream and commercial needs require workforce which resulted in many families being separated meanwhile workers finding to that end chips. once insisted in terrible conditions. it was at a terrible system of family life. he seemed to get there and what happened to the back. what is in the mind to all taken and liv

him is he was deeply committed to a non-violent approach until you had the dictatorship under the afrikaansible to have something purely nonviolent. you look at the sharpeville massacre, 60 people killed by the police you see the context in which he was moving with s sadness but determination towards a sabotage campaign. even when when he was out of jail his focus was on sabotage acts that minute milesed loss of life. he was a man who really didn't want to go down that road but who found himself in a position where he had no choice. the american government's position, frankly, was consistently anti-apartheid but also in a context so it's easy for us to forget, you had zimbabwe collapsing under a terrible dictatorship, you had mozambique and angola in an communist effort to take them over, we were in the middle of the cold war and frankly the priorities of the united states government were to defeat the soviet union and were cautious about doing things that distracted them from that. 1985, weber, bob walker, myself among them led an effort that convinced reagan to become more proactive. if y

learned after afrikaan, and created peace, and all we have to look back is the phenomenal pictures, heart-stopping if you look back at pictures from 59 el '94. truly awe-inspiring. millions came out for their first democratic election. it was peaceful, and it was just the best civic action of democracy that we've ever seen. it was an amazing moment in south africa, and they have basked in that. >> i'm going to bring fareed back in a mom. donna brazil is here, and as we see the reaction coming in from all over the world, give me a thought. what did -- you met nelson mandela personally. we have a picture of you with him. what did he mean to you? >> he was inspirational, a man of courage. he once said courage was not the absence of fear, but action in spite of it. he really led by example. i think that's one of the legacies we will always remember about madiba, madiba being his clan name, his traditional name. there's a picture, donna, of you right there. >>> fareed zakaria, is it overly naive to hope and pray that maybe the death of nelson mandela will inspire some of those world leaders out there,

. >> the soweto uprising when youths protested about the use of afrikaans clashed police, sparking aation-wide revolution. within months the landscape changed. the process of achieving democracy moved to another level. at that time he'd been on robben island for a decade. his fellow prisoner of the same generation arrived on the island in 1977. one of a group of student leaders sentenced to prison. >> the first time we saw nelson mandela on the island was in the reception area. it was my co-accused and i. we saw a tall figure walking in a stately manner. a couple of us said, "that's nelson mandela." others said, "no, it can't be, he can't be that old.". >> i think there was a sense of disbelief, a sense of confusion about what we represented. it was newer for leadership to be in the hands of people in their early 20s. he could not accept that the events unfurling in the country were as a result of youth of the protest, youthful organization. >> yet, says cooper, nelson mandela would listen. >> you could sense the resistance, but would listen anyway. he was a good listener. and would

. >> is it racist, is it against afrikaans. what is this?he issue with it is she stwetwd this out. she only had 174 followers. while she was in the air somehow this whole at this timer fire began. she gets off the plane and she is fired because everybody's so upset about it. she's just -- she's kind of a nobody really and yet somehow she gets fired for this? how far does this go? >> it goes very far. what happened, she was in the air. someone saw the tweet. it was a website and they actually tweeted that out to all of their followers. as a result of that so many people saw it before she even hit the ground. the results, of course, are that she was fired for it. what appears to be a very insensitive remark, but the bottom line is what should we be tweeting? and should we be careful about what we tweet? would we say things like that in public. >> i don't want to defend this girl because she sounds like an idiot, she definitely sounds like an idiot, however, because i don't understand what she meant by that, i bet most people including her empl