and i think drug development companies, agnostic companies, all these players are really important. they were bringing the right drugs to the right people at the right time. >> collabrx just got a big boost talking about can we build a kick starter for cancer? company executives are excited to see the article and say it brings with this big responsibility to prove their model can work. >> we have a cost of sequencing, meeting a lot of research to finally identity the biomarkers and creating data that we turn to usable information. >> information that can be used as a weapon to battle cancer. >>> this is a diagram of a couple of things. and so it's getting excitement from the investors. >>> nightly news is next brian williams. we'll see you back here at 6:00. >>> on our broadcast tonight, the punishment. alex rodriguez is hit with major league baseball's most severe penalty for an active player in almost 100 years. not that it's stopping him from taking the field tonight. >>> intercepted. tonight the message we've learned was behind that huge terrorism alert for u.s. interests and em

don't have timfor dot in fact ts good percentage of them don't en believe there is a god they're agnosticbest atheist at worse the face of the lord is against the evil we see a contrast between verse and 60 dies of th lord and hisrs are up open to those w are righteo but his face is against ththat do evil those that do evil n end up %n the lake of fire kw our ete)nal li for them or something back tothe rious igcludinthe day of jacob's trouble whenhe antichrist is here on earth the of you many of you ve a destiny recalled his elect you know since you rehild there was more to god's wo then what you are being taught in traditional churches you have a role tplay i acmplishing his plan if you cry out toim and put your trust and confence in him you cabe assured he is going to respond i like this a they deliver thisout o# a their troub&es thismadee think about first corinthians 10 verse 13 in t new stament e states there nothing that can hapn to you th's not comn to man meaging that happened to somedy else bere but god will never allow you tbe tempted above what you'rele to handle witht prov

i was raised essentially an orthodox jew by agnostics, although i didn't figure that out until somewhat late in the game. my orientation, both through judaism and the american social justice tradition, also stands independence of that, is very ethically minded. ademption i talk about in the book. the commandments pertaining to one's relationship to the almighty and command meants relating to fellow man and woman and the latter half is what i am interested it. to honor the complexity of the world with my description as a collar in the way that we're called to, in the way that -- is about as theological as i get. i feel leak my obligation and the world -- to these men it's to try to do them justice. they have been very generous with me and i hope to repay the debt. as a scholar it seems as if we do a certain kind of violence to the world when we erase that complexity you call attention to. >> host: the way you balance sort of interpretive and descriptive or theoretical claims, you're sort of reticent to make any sort of large claim about what this means. allow the men to speak for themsel

over the next couple of weeks and months. >> agnostic.view have we seen the best levels of 2013? are they behind us at this point? >> i don't think we're going to go into a sustained bear market unless we fall back into recession or the fed tightens liquidity. the overall bull market combination are in place but in terms of a correction my work shows that at this stage, the market is usually up at an 11 or 12% annual rate. in today's action we were up 18% for the year. i think it would perfectly normal and i would say healthy for the market to enter into a near term corrective mode but that opens up another lag in terms of a buying opportunity. >> when you say a near term corrective mode give me a sense of when or what monthly tudagnitude of selloff you're talking about. >> i don't think it would be anything dramatic. of course it's a two edge sword because if the markets corrected significantly the fed wouldn't bother tapering off and put those concerns onto the back burner. my sense is that the markets will undershoot and overshoot. if

as i took na on when i came back , i was basically agnostic on the merits of cc a and i set out two basic criteria for my support, one would be that we use program assumptions that were realistic and not just on our fondest hope but on something we thought we could asylums sdain -- sustain, and those risks be identified, those be disclosed and either they be mitigated or funded, depending on what was possible, in the course of the past several years, i think we've done that. the assumptions that we're using today are realistic, the risks have been mitigated, the board has funded those that couldn't be mitigated and in the course of doing that, as is true so much in life, it's true when i wipe the fog off the mirror in the morning, you know, before reality sets in, i look a lot better, and then i wipe it off and reality strike, i have to ask whether that's good enough -- >> if you had a fan in your bathroom -- >> i have a fan in my house but not in my bathroom. so, we have done that i think and one of the products of it is i think the program loses some of its luster with we do that, some

i come from a place raised by these essentially agnostic orthodox jewish.agnosticism is a slight exaggeration and orthodoxy is a slight exaggeration. durkheim says it's not about what you are pointing to and not about the god out there but all of us doing this thing here. i have come to a place where it's all religion. i'm not in the business of saying this is legit and this is fraudulent. most people are and so the types i'm talking about occur at the intersection of how we tend to think about both prisoners and how we tend to think about religion. and in fact a leitmotif that is woven through is dubois' double consciousness as the experience of being gazed upon the world with a new contempt and pity. so prisoners are the object of contempt. contempt first because i think that is more dominant or religion as the secularized product of discourse. what i know was true about god in the afterlife etc. here in my heart and it's fixed. that is religion and it's probably a recognized religion but it could also be something secular. religion -- which the supreme c

i was raised essentially an orthodox jew by agnostics although i didn't figure that out until somewhat later in the game. so in fact my orientation both through judaism also stands independent of that but very ethically minded and a distinction that i learned in the jewish state school that i talked about in the book. the amendments that pertain to one relationship the almighty and that pertain to one's relationship with a fellow man and woman, and i have always been on the latter half of the spectrum. with that said, i say in the book that to honor the complexity of the world with my description as a scholar in the way that we do is about as theological as i get. so i feel like my obligation in the world is to try to do them justice. they've been very generous with me and i hope to repay the debt. but as a scholar it seems as though we do a certain kind of violence to the world when we eat race that complexity that you call attention to. >> host: i think the way that you balance the interpreted and the descriptive or theoretical claims you are sort of reticent of making any sort of la

time they come to the sheriff's department there is a court order process and we have to remain agnostic in this process and execute the order itself. the elected sheriff me and we colleagues across the country have discretion to delay an eviction if there is insufficient information about those potentially being evicted or if they're from a sensitive class meaning elderly or disabled, those suffering from illness and that has to be resolved in the court process but what i am noticing though based on my personal intervention is while the housing crisis may seem to be waning a bit nationally speaking the eviction crisis is not and especially evictions resulting from foreclosures and while san francisco is still in an economic bubble onto itself unlike most of the counter parts in california or the united states indicators do concern -- or what indicators there are and they're limited because the city is not used to keeping data on this level but on anecdotal evidence what we were able to create thanks to my predecessor and one we're trying to build on is the eviction assistance unit and b

and we are agnostic on the subject of shell. they are or billed as an evil empire and from our point of view they are just capitalist, and as long as we can oblej them to honor the working people we will work with them. and pg&e is not a matter of our concern, just that they honor the labor standards and take care of the folks that they represent. we look forward to continuing the conversations with your staff and thank you for the opportunity. >> any questions? >> thank you very much. >> >> good afternoon, commissioners eric brooks, san francisco green party and the local grassroots organization in the city. and i just want to get up to kind of piggy back on what mike just said, and reiterate, i think that you folks got from the sierra club a pretty clear letter that is that the sierra club is very dedicated to making sure that use the pras and other mechanisms to getting the union labor heavily involved in this build out project. and i can also say for the rest of the community coalition, that is working for clean power sf and

. >> you've become quite agnostic, working with microsoft but i didn't get the sense you're working withbecome one of our competitors. >> a lot of analysts question whether you'd be able to maintain, keep the relationship because you had a good relationship with salesforce.com. the people who were normally using you to exact target. but that hasn't happened. >> it hasn't happened. so far we've just been thriving in the light of that. >> do we know whether anyone substantive that's important to you said we love the salesforce.com but we're going to have to leave you? >> i can't name one that's done that. >> this seems like a tipping point of major advertisers going social, mobile, going web, versus tv versus print. what happened to make it so it seems to flip so big? >> well, i think particularly as the social media properties have started to show advertising success and show they know how to monetize, you see a virtual cycle of beginning success, beginning success in every corner of this industry. >> one of the things you talked about, the so-called b to c, but you've got this business t

. >> sam zell was agnostic on whether he paid more taxes he said but he damn well better see better results for what i am paying. >> 70% of who i earn is paid in taxes, i have new york state tax, and federal tax, and money i have is tacked against when it -- taxed against when it goes to my estate. there is 20% of my money guess in form of estate taxes. neil: liberals say you can afford it? >> i can, i can -- number one, i am not complaining about it, i am not complaining about what i pay, but i complain what the money gets used for or does not get used for, i am not a problm saying i pay too much taxes, i am blessed, play by the rules. neil: 70% is a little obscene. >> 40% and estate tax. in my opinion it should be changed. the country would be better, there would be more employment, pooh there would be more certainty of what is going on, if congress would not sit still, and did something to earn when their position is, thereeare things that can be done, no one is doing, the most important thing are most, most of the politicians there to get reelected. so you know, republicans don't top he

i'm agnostic, a non-believer. i find this wonderful and fascinating. you read all of this, how can you still believe any of these religions? >> i don't believe in the religion, i believe in god. the only reason that i call myself a muslim is because the symbols and metaphors that islam uses to talk about god are the ones i like, make sense to me. it's not that muslim is more true than christianty, they are all equally true, equally valid ways of expressing what is absolutely inexpressal. if you believe that there is something beyond the material world, that there is something that is truly transcendent, then you need language to talk about it, to make sense of it. that's all that religion is. christianty and islam are not things to believe. they are sign posts to god. they are a means to an end, not an end in and of themselves. cenk: that's wonderfully ironic, because my mom is the exact opposite and the exact same and you say. she said i don't want to know what's in the koran. we grew up muslim. she said i don't want to know. all i know is i believe.

are you agnostic on this? do you think there's a meaningful difference?> i'm not sure that even if all of the economists in the world say it is the way way to do it that congress will embrace something like this. >> because it has the -- >> it has those three letters in this that people in congress can't bring themselves to say. with the president, he is also a realist, is looking at okay, i tried. i tried get them to do something. i was open to any number of ideas. now i will use what's available to me. i will use the clear air act. >> let's say congress doesn't throw a fit -- >> they may try. >> they are going to almost certainly. there will probably be lawsuits by power companies and others to join the court battle -- >> any pollution standard, it is what happens. epa does it right. i have the confidence they will do it right, they can with stand all of that. >> it is interesting the president chose to make this speech. was it something you discussed when you were in the white house? >> i think the president genuinely believes this is one of the bigges

it's an ag agnostic platform, universal platform covering everything. grade, what we realize is that showing someone what the entire world thinks of a particular restaurant or car is interesting, but showing them what people like them think is more interesting and more important. in fact, in the survey we did, 76% of people surveyed said that they take recommendations or reviews from their friends much more seriously than they do from strangers online. cheryl: we have to let viewers know they log in via facebook or twitter so they connect to their own social community, and that to connect with their friends about what they think about. now, you're utilizing hash tags, for instance. >> we are. cheryl: talk about that thinking, if we go to the site, plug in new york city, i put in a hash tag, i can also put in asterisks. what was the thinking behind that? >> hash tags are the way of showing a topic on the internet. it was brought by twitter, and facebook six months ago. this is converted into a hash tag, simply for internet conformity. cheryl: okay. also,

you must be either agnostic or atheistic to believe that man controls something he can't create. >> thoughtsat, bob? >> well, you know, there's -- the example of nuclear weapons and how actually -- >> right. >> -- if mankind hadn't have excised its responsibility, we couldn't really leave it all to god's sovereignty. you have to balance those two. man's responsibility and god's sovereignty. we could have, in fact, during the cold war and could still today destroy the earth by nuclear weapons, so it sort solve undercuts rush's argument there. clearly human kind is responsible, and as creation stewards, we need to exercise that responsible when it comes to climate change. >> okay. here's my big question. you're doing this thing, trying to talk to conservatives about the issue. i feel like i'm not seeing the needle move. i don't mean that to be an indictment of your efforts which i find personally quite persuasive. i believe in them. do you feel like you're making progress? >> you know, i've been in a couple of challenge races. one i was successful, one i was unsuccessful. when you're a challen

. >> neil: a lot of people equate him with reagan but he voted for bill clinton and is very agnostic when it comes to those who is spouse policies that help the economy. >> tax cuts i vote for. >> neil: thank you, my trend. i learn a lot from you. >>> we didn't get the cost of the solar panels but are getting a clearer picture of the cost of this healthcare law. word today the administration is spending $67 million to so-called navigators. those navigators are supposed to sign up folks for the healthcare exchanges. are they like goodwill officers? good luck getting young people to sign up because millions of them want to opt out. doctor, what's going on here? >> well, neil, look at who is signing people up. we have community organizers. we have planned parenthood, who are part of this navigator program. who will be getting tens of millions of dollars from the federal government, and with 20 to 30 hours of training you become a certified navigator. >> neil: how many hours? >> 20 to 30 hours of training. you become a certified obamacare navigator, and that means that somebody is going

answer to what you say right thereafter to five years of spiritual pursuits i cannot on the other end agnostic to know that i don't know and i don't know if i will but that is my conclusion so then atheism is my opinion sometimes they can crack quantum physics to such a degree the of laser pierces through the housing of the face of god to get a pitcher of cheeses than my opinion will change but until that happens it is an opinion but people are not coming at this from two different directions the atheist makes a claim in the fiesta is not they're not equal and they are not valid etfs says item c1 i don't see a guide. they cannot say there is no cost to mention but since we have not seen that yet we will do our best and enjoy what we can enjoy and they're all different types that say all different types of thing is based on their personality but if a person will engage in these discussions they will become very clear about what the difference -- definitions are or are not so it is these teams that play against each other. >> but to talk about the atheist. >> is there any other atheist? besides

raised by these essentially agnostic orthodox jews. it's a slight exaggerations. the more less. when i read it it made sense. it's secular jew. it's not about what you're pointing to. is not about god. it's about all of us during this thing here. come from a place where it's our religion. i'm not in the business of saying this is legit and this is front. but most people. so the type that i'm talking about occurs at the intersection of how we tend to think about those prisoners and religion. in fact a leitmotif is woven through, at bedtime double consciousness. double consciousness of the experience of being amused, content, and pitied. .. and the poor man is kind of, i call in the religious subject of the secularists imagination, which is to say, wind obama was overheard saying back in 2008, these people to cling to the guns and religion because they don't have anything else. so this kind of secularist idea that you don't have real freedom, you don't have, you're not engaged in a fulfilling practices so you have your religion. so the secularists idea lines up with the kind of we

what you say right there that after to for years of spiritual pursuit, i cannot on the other and agnostic knowing that i don't know. i don't know if i will no. that is my conclusion. then the end of that is a theism is my opinion. then at some time if they can crack quantum physics to a degree that the laser pierces through the left dimension to bounce off the face of god we get a pitcher in jesus then my opinion will change. but until that happens it is an opinion the other fact is the best and atheist don't commit this from two different directions the fee is make a claim in the the astronauts they simply say i still see your evidence so they're not equal and they are not balanced the atheist says i don't see one. i don't see a god. no one can ever say there is a 12th to mention but we will do our best for what we are experiencing and in showing what we can enjoy obviously they're all different types said atheist based on their personality but if they're going to engage in these discussions they need to become very clear of what the definitions are a and are not after that it is a cultu

are you agnostic on this? do you think that there's a meaningful difference? >> i'm not sure, even if all the economists in the world say it's the best way to do it, that congress is going to embrace something like that. >> because it has the letter, tas. >> it has those three letters in congress that people can't bring themselves to say. i think with the president, and he's also a realist, is looking at, okay, i tried. i was hope to any number of ideas. and now i'm going to use what's available to me. i'm going to use the clean air act. >> so let's say congress doesn't throw a fit and throw up obstacles to that -- >> they may try. >> they're going to, almost certainly. and whether that means defunding the epa, there will probably be lawsuits by the power companies and others to get this, a big court battle. >> it's what happens. the epa does it right, and i have the confidence they will do it rights, they can withstand all of that. >> the politics of this, it was interesting to me that the president chose to make this speech. was it something you discussed wh

number one i'm looking at a cause agnostic version of steady the ability that you cannot explain the if you found something of what you knew would be interesting in and of itself. [laughter] >> so i am excited just from the variant of the data. >> i will feel them to one did you actually. we have a detection now with a fair amount of confidence there is some indication in this of the standard model that with additional data may be strongly couple of a blade to know your predictions for additional data. >> in theory. >> but now have to make one prediction but theories have to be consistent. [laughter] but actually what is amazing what was postulated 50 years ago and since then we have only not know one thing about it to calculate all the properties it the case into four electrons are to electrons for the accommodation in view at the energy and it has the energy of a single planet you can calculate the ratios and right now that is all very close to what the standard model would predict. there's some indications maybe a little better off initially they seem to have settled down i would

the technology is agnostic to the issue you are talking to. it is a different issue when talking about this capability. if you have ever had a situation with fires, floods or natural disasters -- 80% of all firefighters are volunteer. you want to make sure those men and women have the best tools for them to use when they execute the job they are given to do. in many cases, other people's lives are on the line. i understand your concern and it is something we have to address in the big picture, but when you look at this technology, do not link them together into you have to hold the data because of those concerns. host: there was a story about a south african outdoor rock festival where people could order a beer and have it by a drum. that prompted a response from rand paul -- "perhaps i am not against all drones." what does rand paul bring to the discussion in your opinion? guest: when you look at this technology, you can pick and choose the point you want to make, but let's look at delivering pizza or tacos or and, but when the monsoons regio

number one, i am doing a sort of cause agnostic version of the study where i am looking for stellar variability you can't explain, actual tampering with the stock buyout postulated civilization but honestly like you found something inexplicable by start variability that you knew would be interesting in itself even if it was not a quarter reflector, like water. i am really excited for the stuff that is buried in the data. >> it is. >> i am going to deal with you. we have detection of the higgs boson. i am confident it is close to the edge. there is some indication that with the standard model, there is some indication with additional data, maybe there's another particle, i would like to know your prediction for additional data. >> predictions. i have done -- make one prediction, the great statement that furies have to be consistent, not theorists. but actually, what is amazing is the higgs boson was postulated 50 years ago and since then we have not known one thing about it except that it was real and had mass but from that you could calculate all these properties and the with the ford is the hi

. >> the town doesn't care in atheist and agnostics showed up to read.they are going to let anybody do it why not? >> if you believe in separation of church and state there is no room for prayer of any kind. i don't care to jesus or allah or wicca n god. there should not be prayer in a public space because those of us who are believers should practice our beliefs in private and those who are not believers shouldn't be subject to beliefs of other people. if people are free to practice of religion, there should not be prayer in a public sprays. >> is that a separation of church in the constitution? >> yes, it doesn't mean there is not an existence of religion. our country is founded on judio- christian and in god we trust is engraved on our money. you don't have to accept it but you have to be tolerant. and i applaud the bum pull administration for coming down on tollerance and acceptance and the town in new york said it doesn't have to be just christian prayer and invite other nondenomination and atheist to say what they want. but remember, president obam

we're talking about, not just people who are agnostic or about the bill, we're talking about people whore genuinely frighten and who think it will make things worse for them. here the thing, president will go up and he will be asked about it, he will say, everything will work out exactly as we promised. reason people are still upset, passed something they didn't like from the beginning. has not fulfilled promises since then. it has been three years. things gone terribly wrong many ways. people feel that in their own lives. that is why they're reacting. it is a real thing. bill: react to that, joe, it is a real thing. >> no, it is a real thing. the key here is if all those facts, if what people believe, if these polls are accurate, republicans have made clear, everybody knows that they don't, that the republican party in washington doesn't like obamacare. has tried to repeal it 40 times now. so, if these things are all true, if they come to pass, then in november it is going to be a very bad democratic year and there is, for the democratic party and there is nothing the republican party

the technology is agnostic to the issue you are talking to.out this capability. if you have ever had a situation with fires, floods or natural disasters -- 80% of all firefighters are volunteer. you want to make sure those men and women have the best tools for them to use when they execute the job they are given to do. in many cases, other people's lives are on the line. i understand your concern and it is something we have to address in the big picture, but when you look at this technology, do not link them together into you have to hold the data because of those concerns. host: there was a story about a south african outdoor rock festival where people could order a beer and have it delivered by a drone. that prompted a response from rand paul -- "perhaps i am not against all drones." what does rand paul bring to the discussion in your opinion? guest: when you look at this technology, you can pick and choose the point you want to make, but let's look at delivering pizza or tacos or food, but when the monsoons and, regions are wiped out. how d

the technology is agnostic to the issue you are talking to. it is a different issue when talking about this capability. if you have ever had a situation with fires, floods or natural disasters -- 80% of all firefighters are volunteer. you want to make sure those men and women have the best tools for them to use when they execute the job they are given to do. in many cases, other people's lives are on the line. i understand your concern and it is something we have to address in the big picture, but when you look at this technology, do not link them together into you have to hold the data because of those concerns. host: there was a story about a south african outdoor rock festival where people could order a beer and have it delivered by a drum. that prompted a response from rand paul -- "perhaps i am not against all drones." what does rand paul bring to the discussion in your opinion? guest: when you look at this technology, you can pick and choose the point you want to make, but let's look at delivering pizza or tacos or food, but when the mon

spit in your world information is agnostic. the internet operates on passion and waste and yet when those ways overwhelmed science excels information is not based on fact and scientific likely see with climate change or by technology. it goes against technology and could help the world. in a world of information and agnostics how do you deal with those things? >> i think there's a couple ways that we look at this, again, the theme of the book is the next 5 billion people. i look at the alternative to the alternative is a world where every generation after the next is being essentially socialized and trained based on memorization to what they're memorizing is often factually inaccurate, distorted, delusional, what other adjectives you want you to ultimately i believe in the power of critical thinking but we write about it in the book. that's when 5 billion new people connect to the internet, think about how many of those people are young and school-age, the vast majority of them. so these young people with mobile devices in the

preserve a district that is doing a disservice but to make sure everybody gets a great education i am agnostic it to be private, the charter, a traditional as long as they get a great education i don't care. so i try to bring my democratic friends along with me and talking to a friend of mine the other day i laid out the argument and she said no. i said let me try this did you watch the movie "waiting for superman"? she said one of my best friends was it you remember this scene with the little girl looking out the window it is tragic and it is -- she can go to school because her mom had fallen behind on tuition? she said that is heart wrenching i wanted to write the check myself. i said that would be a voucher. [laughter] and this is the problem people have they see things like vouchers that is republican and democratic but if we stop looking at things with partisan politics and started making public policy based on the decisions we make for a drone kids we would not have a democratic or a republican agenda but the students first agenda to put our children on a wildly different trajectory goin

channels.ee c-span i am a 71-year-old agnostic. i love science, political and biological.ave been aiming for 100 or 12 0 at least for years. people have been smirking, but i'm pretty salty. i was a medicaid caseworker for 26 years. that was my ivy league education , as far as genetic predisposition and personal and things accidents that affect people's longevity and quality of life. and i'm a citizen of the world. and i want to contribute economically and politically to lift everybody's boat. i am responsible for my choices to ensure the quality of my physical and mental health. i have four kids, 10 grandkids, and five great grandkids. and i don't want to be a burden to anyone. i won't be a burden to anyone. and i just love life. i want to share as much as i can. thanks for your time. i wish everybody the best. host: let me follow up on a point that she made about contributing to the economy. back to the chart we showed earlier that you touched on, the percentage of adults who agree or disagree with the statement, the economy would be more productive if people lived to be

better had there never been a united states of america and he says he ising a not stick on the -- agnostic on the issue. i wonder how many people who assign his book -- the most widely assigned history book in the united states by teachers. i wonder how many would agree with that? maybe the world really would have been better had there never been a u.s. >> host: the internet tweets in this guy wants big government to outlaw marijuana. >> guest: yes, that's right, i do. i'm not an an anarchist. that's correct. this notion that you're for small government,or to no government, never bought. there are things i would like to see to continue to be -- i don't want any new bans. but i have -- had marijuana been legal for the last 50 years i would have said nothing, but to introduce it as a new innovation, it will only have a dill deleterious effect on society. awoman wrote a thoughtful letter. she loves my show. was extremely lauder to but she said she has marijuana every night. she smokes marijuana every night. and she has two kids, a husband, you know, she is -- has all these wonderful values an

you say you're agnostic. are you now convinced it's possible? >> that what's possible?y, cleared that up. >> okay, so this is a spiritual book. you traveled around the world. you met sufis, you went to a cave. what is the conclusion? our souls live forever? >> this book looks at immortality in every possible way. religions, faith, science, magic. yes, there's the traditional idea of spiritual immortality. that a part of us, our soul or spirit or consciousness, will live on in the afterlife. it also looks at scientific immortality. the notion that we can find a way to make our bodies persist indefinitely. >> in the spiritual rerealm, whh one has it right? >> i relate to the buddhist's idea that death is real and the dalai lama con step platemplate death every day. so they say let's accept reality as it is. they also have a number of interesting stories about what's to come. >> what surprised you the most in reporting it? >> so many things surprised me. one of the things i really was constantly astonished by was how people of belief are so sure. they've attained this leve