so, it is a basic unit for the agrarian communities. he writes it strikes the skills and traditions and it transmits to the vast ecological knowledge and catapults into adult hood. no other human institution does these things. then so many pages later he talks about how there is no shorthand for how the material money moves through the household and there is a powerful moment where he writes this language seems that an artifact to eliminate all competing economic forums. where i'm interested here is capitalism is also shaping our ability to tell other people's stories. it's been shaping the language that they use to relay what we understand about past. this has huge ramifications for you as a writer in the history and a researcher, so can you tell me about the challenges of through the lens that isn't a capitalist one? >> that is really difficult. i mentioned this notion of savagery as closely associated with people who are called the koreans, they make agrarian. this money is an attribute to the household and isn't just the reason. it

this is all about this american past that never was kind of thing and dealing with american as an agrarian society so i said i want to find something that is urban but has some of the upward feelings you get when you walk into a cathedral. staff was very helpful and we looked and looked for weeks and finally i fell upon this and i have never seen it before. it did seem to me to have that upward thrust, that sense of ambition. i wasn't thinking in the terms of america's commercial republic for thinking of it as a land of desperation and of opportunity and bustling energy rather than the sylvan and peaceful and agrarian land. >> and want to bring people into the room so rager hansen we will get you the microphone. tell us a you are in try to ask a question. if there are questions. there's one in the back right there. >> my name is. thank you bill for this magnificent book and thank you to the american enterprise institute for this occasion for us to hear your remarks. he spoke about landen he spoke about land of hope and you spoke about hoping he spoke about the story. he didn't say anything

peaceful agrarian lens. >> host: i want to bring people in the middle of the room in. will get to the microphone. i ask that you tell us who you are and tried to ask a question. if there are questions we have one in the back. >> thank you very much for this magnificent book and thank you to the american enterprise institute, you spoke about land, you spoke about land of hope, you spoke about hope, you spoke about story. you didn't say anything about the invitation and i want to ask you about that. in other icicle texts about the american story less attention is paid to the 17th-century english context and religious divisions are not treated with the seriousness with which you treat them and i wonder if you intended an invitation to the background in europe of religious strife and whether the invitation is not merely an invitation to the american story but the invitation to the story that precedes that story and the grandfathers of the grandfathers. was that intentional? >> i want to say yes. i have two things in mind. one was i wanted to make clear i am not pretending

in the south, and agrarian economy based largely on slave labor retarded innovation and left the region to like behind the north in urban development and industrialization. in the education of its residents and its pursuit of equality for all. the institution elevated every white person above every black man, woman and child in slave or free. the violence employed to maintain the system of subordination of one race by another shaped and left an indelible mark on the character of the south. while immigrants hastened to the north, slavery's grip on the southern portion of the country discouraged those in search of economic opportunity. it was not by happenstance that a son of the midwest by way of the south would come to stand at the center of the controversy over slavery's extension. lincoln understood the slavery blocked the path to a chance for 1/8 of the population in bondage. if they were going to advance themselves, this institution would have to be destroyed. slavery also hinder the progress of free african-americans who by extension, shared the burden of belonging to a despised an

dissertation on that so i would use his work to repeat what he did back then presumably virginia was still agrarian and what they have been practical to create a primary system of education everywhere? it seems he made the right choice in a way if you believe that it's going to have this impact because of the bang for the buck. for the statewide primary system. >> it's a reasonable question because virginians have large farms of plantations. the population density in new england is twice what it is in virginia. virginia included west virginia for people to live more dispersed than new england. at that time until the 18 teams that had public primary education and he said it easy for them to do because you can walk to school. for a lot of them it is too far to walk and a lot of the virginians couldn't afford shoes. there is a lot of white poverty in virginia. with that said, people still want education and a system of what they called oldfield schools which were set up. and it's hard to have comprehensive coverage because what they would need is a critical mass of those in the right ages that live re

the farmer's almanac points out that in rural agrarian communities of corn cobbs were the most popular>> probably the majority of the world doesn't use toilet paper. >> we ran several alternative products by dr. jan. we'll get back to the corn cobbs. first, what about tissues, paper towel, wipes? coffee filters? he says yes. >> those are okay to use, as long as they're clean. >> crinkled phone book pages and newspaper might be okay. just make sure the ink is soy based. but flushing anything other than toilet paper down the drain might cause other issues. you might quickly clog your pipes. >> if you're going to use other paper products, you need to put that in a trash bag and throw that out in your trash. >> so how about fabric cut into small squares? some people call this a family cloth. he said yes, with restrictions. >> today with modern washing machines, you take off that particulate matter, put that in the garbage, but wash it in hot water with detergent and you can certainly reuse that. >> reporter: reusable diapers did the same business decades ago. hospitals still use reusable l

warren is fighting for himself the southern agrarians and for william faulkner against stalinist literary critics. did you know in 1946 all but one of faulkner's novels had gone out of print because the stalinist literary committee disapproved of him. where is stalin in your account of the 1930s and 1940s? >> i'm not sure where to put him i guess. >> he's there, definitely. in fact, stalin didn't want any philip randolph marching on washington in 1941 and the protests, the protests didn't occur because f.d.r. created the fair employment practices commission but he is there. >> okay. i'll think about that. thank you. >> well, i'm curious. when did lincoln -- when did lincoln -- when did they start to perform, when did lincoln museums start to go and when did lincoln's name begin to be used in many different places? >> so, you know, my impression is that you can find clubs with lincoln's name, schools being named for lincoln, towns being named. that is all happening immediately after the assassination. my sense is that monuments and statues are a little bit later so maybe the 1880s and 1890

he had a very agrarian upbringing. he went to -- he went to sort of seasonal schools. when he was 8, his grandfather has moved to middleton, tennessee and founded really, a paradise, and so sam, his father, and sarah, his mother, go over the mountains and settle in the middle tennessee, and there he goes up. again, very sickly child. so sickly that he's not able to do all the work in the fields that other children are expected to do. at one point, his father wants to make him a merchant, young boy, puts him in a store. it doesn't work. what he really wants is an education. and after the operation, his father finally sends him to a formal education. first, a little seminary school near where they lived in columbia, tennessee, then to murfreesboro where there was an , academy, and finally the university of north carolina, where he entered as a sophomore and finished -- graduated first in his class. brian: spoke at the graduation. john: and spoke at the graduation. and he was political -- he was political from the outset. he was fortunate in that he fell into the arms of

. >> my other question, would it have been-- back then presumably virginia was still pretty agrarian. >> yeah, very rural. >> would it have been practical within any reasonable bounds of practice difficult or expense to create a primary system of education everywhere or would it-- >> right. >> it seems to me he made the right choice in a way, because if you buy into -- if you believe it's going to have impact because it's more bang for the buck since there is probably not going to be realistic manner in which to do a statewide primary educational system. >> no, it's a reasonable question because virginians have especially large farms and plantations and they don't have a lot of villages. so it's not like new england. you know, the population density in new england is twice what it is in virginia. there are also problem-- virginia and-- virginia included west virginia at the time and a lot of mountains. people were more dispersed. new england was the only part of the country until that time, 18 teens that had primary education and jefferson says, well, it's easy for them to do because

so, id don't think, as much asi find a certain kind of agrarian perspective and appealing in certain, i don't think there is a kind of pasota robles window retreat from then' modern world. there is for some people and communities but not for the culture in the world. in that sense i think that the alternatives are succeeding in finding new ways to grow or stagnating rather than finding the arcadia again. >> let me ask two more questions before we turn to the audience for questions and comments. so, what are some -- you entertain the alternatives. the liberal democracy this is what is happening there is that a response to this or a re- envisioning of society or is it something else? >> my take is that both the revival of socialism embodied by the figures as the likely next democratic nominee for that night's debate and bernie sanders or jeremy corbin or others and the kind of populist nationalist democracy mixture on the right responsive. they are sort of summoned up as rebellions against stagnation. so they are basically saying yoh know, what we took a wrong turn in the 60s and 70s.

at some point people began to realize this was a situation and we will not live in an agrarian free-marketadam smith world anymore but we are living in a different kind of world hence the progressive movement began with california, johnson and in the midwest, lawful yet and that guy, teddy teddy roosevelt back east. yes, that gave holt new reform movement in america in the late 1900s. >> so we had the civil war and the building of the railroads and the golden age in the great robbers and then the reform movement. >> yes, sir. >> and then stanford universitye just quickly we have couple of minutes left on this but what is stanford university's relationship with leland stanford, the man? >> he's an icon.he he's a larger than life person who, i feel like his identity is humanity has been completely lee bleach and i don't know of anyone here who locked-in this evening had a sense of leland stanford the man and i've spent almost five years on this man and i still find him enigmatic to some large extent. ih deal with that in the book bt stanford to the university is this great man and if you loo

i don't think, as much as i find a certain pastora list and agrarian perspective appealing in certain i don't think there is a pastora list retreat from the modern world. there is for some people in some communities but not culture as a whole. in that sense i do think the alternatives are succeeding in finding new ways to grow or stagnating rather than finding arcadia again. >> two more questions before we turn to the audience. what -- you entertain some alternatives. is liberal democracy and alternatives? what is happening in turkey or hungary or poland. is that a response to this? every envisioning maria livening of society? or is it something else? >> my take is both the revival of socialism embodied by figures as diverse as the likely next democratic nominee pending events in tonight's debate and bernie sanders or jeremy corbin or others, the kind of populist nationalist a liberal democracy mixture on the right are responsive to decadence, summoned up as rebellions against stagnation so sanders and other socialists are saying we took a wrong turn in the 60s in 70s with reagan and

that people will draw, this is all about american passion that ever was in dealing with america and agrarianciety, i want to find something that is and has an urban feel but has the upward feeling that you get when you walk into a cathedral. so the staff in town are very helpful and we looked and looked and looked for weeks and finally i stumbled on this. i've never seen it before, it did seem that has the upward thrust, the sense of ambition. i was not thinking in these terms of america's commercial republic but i was thinking it of the land of aspiration and of opportunity of bustling energy. in a peaceful landscape. >> there's lots more to get into but i want to bring people into the room so raise your hands, will get to the microphone, i only ask that you tell who you are and try to ask a question, if there are questions, there's one in the back right there. >> my name is harry, thank you very much for this magnificent book. and thank you to the american enterprise institute for this occasion to hear your remarks you spoke about land and "land of hope" and you spoke about hope, you spoke

china and russia were agrarian societies, they were not industrial societies. but to get to my question, one task today so many young socialists point to these important goods like housing and healthcare and ac increasing inequality, that's what's causing socialism to rebound. the right explanation or you do you think there's something else writing ? >> let's collect a couple more, net. >> causing you are. >> i'm rossdale, and a lawyer and historian. >> and occasional contributor to the american interest . re-re-us online, etc. >> i have an observation, it's very important for the discussion. lenin did not see power lying on the street. he was sent back by the german government to moscow with nine tons of gold. and you can buy a lot of revolutions with that and you can look it up in richard prices history of the russian revolution. >> we can take two more this round and then we will continuewith frank and veronica . >>. [inaudible] >> my question is you mentioned many names but you didn't mention trotsky which i don't care about chalky but he has a lot of opera

i don't think as much as i find a certain kind of pastoralist and agrarian perspective appealing andcertain ways i don't think there is a pastoralist retreat from the modern world. there is for some people in the modern communities. not for the culture as a whole. i do think the alternatives are succeeding and finding new ways to grow or stagnating. rather than finding arcadia again. let me ask you to more questions before i turn to the audience. you entertained some alternatives. liberal democracy is that an alternative here.. is that a response to this. is that every envisioning or brie a livening of society or is it something else. my take is that both the revival of socialism embodied by figures has a likely next democratic nominee. enter bernie sanders or jeremy corbin or others. and the kind of populist nationalists mixture on the right. we took a wrong turn. we took a wrong turn. and we could inea fact get back to a more utopian perspective on what government can do. make america great again. we were great in the past we want to get back there in the future and there is a feat

according to agrarian scientific studies.ne we're walking at the ed they field. this is a visualisation, a virtual walk in the countryside guided by a mental health charity volunteer. there's so many different plants and bushes and trees that come together. being out in nature can have a powerful impact. and it became kind ofa powerful impact. and it became kind of a lifeline really. i felt like there was something i could do and there was something i could do and there was something valuable and beautiful to notice when i didn't feel there was anything. there are many scientific studies that show the health benefits of being in the natural world. that show the health benefits of being in the naturalworld. so that show the health benefits of being in the natural world. so when you're outside, our blood pressure comes down. heart rate variability goes up, and that's a good thing. our heart rate comes down and our cortisone levels are reduced, and these are all indicators of reductions in stress. so how to get this on lockdown?