. >> now join us on our 50 states capital, from juneau, alaska is the lieutenant governor of that state. byron a lot. mallott. what are the duties of the lieutenant governor of alaska? lt. gov. mallott: the statutory duties are similar to many others. including, of course, taking office in the event that the governor's not able to. secondly, alaska, the lieutenant governor has statutory responsibility for the conduct of the state of alaska elections. each new legislature has the responsibility to review and sign regulations. duties,e, other officials,lected other duties have may be asked of the lieutenant governor by the governor and are also always there. in this administration, the governor has asked me to be his commercial fisheries advisor. on the -- i am the chair of his climate change initiative and that is significant responsibility without relationship with canadian provinces and territories regarding mining activity and keeping alaska's waters and flow from canada into alaska. i have been asked by the governor to do a variety of other things. including long-term responsibilitie

the alaska state that startedilding construction in 1929 and was completed in 1931. was originally the federal and territorial building and the transition of alaska to a state. juneau was the designated capital in -- .s the capital of the district the primary industry and alaska at the time was gold-mining, and gold was discovered in juneau in 1880. it was the biggest town in the area, certainly the center of it wasy in the area, so the most important city at the time. the traditional capital, from thena, was in cognac, and it went to -- then congress designated juneau as the capital of the district. this building was originally constructed for $712,000, about eight dollars per square foot. the total cost, including furnishings, was about $1 million. this is a modest rendition of art deco architecture. it is a masonry building, primarily. brooke, stone, terra-cotta. it was probably originally intended to be a federal building with a territorial component. about three fourths of the building was dedicated to federal offices and agencies, and the other one fourth or one

alaska. capital of the 49th state. this weekend on c-span, on book tv, and american history tv, we will feature our stops across alaska, showing you the state's natural beauty and we will delve into alaska's unique history and literary culture. midwives have been helping women give birth throughout american history. over the past 100 years, their legal standing and relationship with the medical community has been complicated by regulations

states purchased alaska from russia in 1867 for two cents an acre. president dwight d. eisenhower signed the state act. up, we visit the foundation to learn about one of the longest serving members of congress. >> mr. president, alaska was not a folly. it is no longer an impoverished territory. and anis a great state essential contributor to our nation's energy security and national defense. i am proud to have had a role in tos transformation, working help alaska achieve its potential. it has been and will continue to life's work. >> senator ted stephens was senator moreor over 40 years. senator stephens was involved in the seminole legislative initiatives that helped shape alaska. continuing on through the claims settlement act, the conservation and trans-alaskat, the pipeline act and numerous others that we're going to talk about today. the ted stevens foundation was created in 2001 as a way to his service and to apply his legacy to outreach and education. foundation is primarily working on archiving and senator's papers. we're hard at work. he had over 4800 box. one o

and when at last alaska became a thee, army artillery boomed good news. the statealaska is the size of a this one state is twice as big as the original 13 colonies put tomingt on this centennial occasion its cities and its citizens pause for a portrait in youthful anticipation of tomorrow. fairbanks, the most central city many state is the hub of trading, transportation and supply for all of interior alaska. it's a welcome sight to alaska highway travelers, end to a road that began 1,500 at dawson, british columbia, canada. in fairbanks, the focal point of the centennial, the city is ready to play host to some 300,000 visitors, prideful of its historic past. the gleam of yellow gold built fairbanks, boom town warehouse the stampeding settlers. mem memories of that are kept alive today. in gold rush days, the steamers left from dawson following the melting ice down the yukon river and the tananawa. you can repeat part of that adventure. although it's hard to make a living panning for gold. instead the emphasis is on education and its growth of an index in expansion

states right issue. that is why people out of alaska would do well to pay attention. the caller is right, there are common areas in state and states -- authorities over managing fish and wildlife. alaska is unique. i look forward to hearing from the guests on c-span to explain laws arels of how the uniquely tailored for alaska. latecame a state in the 1950's, in the course of that there were tens of millions of acres of federal land to carve up and allocate administrative responsibilities for. to a degree are not entirely cognizant of, alaska is a unique state. the caller has put his finger on it, this is a states rights issue, for good or ill. host: what has a relationship in like between the federal government and alaska? and that shared responsibility? guest: a blend of dependence and resentment. alaska depends upon federal policy, and largess to some degree. and there is a commensurate resentment over the federal hold. for instance, last year in the tax bill, senator murkowski, and senator sullivan got a provision that would mandate the bureau of land management to

alaska. a lot of people are employed in the state. e is a lot of movement of product between alaska and countries around the world. it is that chain of events. grocery stores, all the transportation, there is a heck of a lot. it is a big thing. if seafood went away from here, the state would be a skeleton of what it is. it plays a huge role. announcer: the mount roberts tramway is the only aerial tram in southeastern alaska. it rises 1800 feet from a dock in downtown juneau to the top of mount roberts with abuse of the city. of the city. we learn about the colonization of alaska from the alaska state museum. steve: they didn't recognize that alaskan natives, people who have lived here for thousands of years, had any title whatsoever to those lands. over the next two centuries, both the russians and the americans that follow them did everything they could to negate native ownership of the land, native culture, native place names and anything having to do with native peoples. their approach eventually was to make those people disappear e

of the on this weekend, we will feature our stops across alaska, showing you the state's natural beauty. we will delve into alaska's unique history and literary culture. as part of our alaska weekend here on the c-span networks, we are talking about hunting regulations in alaska, and across the country. joining us for that is michael doyle of e&e news. joining us is michael doyle.

. -- alled for a court century and a quarter over a place we now call the state of alaska. ♪ >> a reenactmentstorical event, october 18, 1867. the united states troops under jefferson davis were present on that quiet, misty day in the russian imperial flag was lowered for the last time. the ceremony took place at the chief city of the russian colony, a place called new archangel and also sick, come itka, after its indian name. russian america was transferred to the u.s. ownership. it was the greatest event of its kind in peacetime history. with the purchase of the alaska territory, the united states gained control of about 375 million acres at in average cost of less than two cents an acre. everyone present now stood on american soil. provide forss could laws and government, the u.s. army was to be caretaker of the new territory. establishing four garrisons in strategic locations. soldiers acting under official orders were important explorers of alaska. expedition penetrated kendra alaska. the reconnaissance of the yukon river are established as one of the main routes to the yukon gold field.

alaska in many ways. it has changed the state culturally and economically. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] anchorage is the largest city in alaska. marsh,ted potter thunderbird falls, and the glacier. [birds chirping] blowing] [waterfall rushing] [airplane overhead] as part of our year-long 50 capitals tour, the c-span bus recently made the long journey to juneau, alaska, capital of the 49th state. featurekend, we will our stops across alaska, showing you its natural beauty and we will delve into alaska's unique history and literary culture. chair federal reserve ro

governor walker, can you help us understand the significance of the alaska pipeline and the energy industry to the state of alaska? we are a resource state, for the pipeline has 20% of our nation's oil at one time. to ourbeen crucial economy since the mid-1970's. >> does it preclude you from having a state income or sales tax because of the revenue generated from a pipe line? the income tax, that was the beginning of the oil revenues coming in. alaskans have been very fortunate to be able to live off the resources in our great state for a long time. we've been very fortunate in that regard. we have other resources. of course, our natural gas up in the north is a very large opportunity for alaska and asia. reporter: governor walker, you just signed the state budget in alaska. there is a pretty substantial cut in funding, and your unemployment rate is high. what is going on economically there? gov. walker: our economy was tied almost solely to oil. almost 90% of our revenue came from oil. with the price dropped from always $100 a barrel to $26 a barrel come up we had to make some changes. it is an adjustm

alaska. for me, it is simple. it was love. love for the state, but first and foremost love for my wife. >> you mentioned your service in the marines. you recently said alaska is very important when it comes to missile defense for the u.s.. sen. sullivan: i always like to talk about alaska constituting three pillars of america's military might. i am >> you necessity, i always like alaska about of tituting three pillars america's military might. i'm sure you've seen this on your road trip. cornerstone of the missile defense. that's important with rogue and es like north korea iran. he major radar sites, ground ase missile interceptors at fort greeley. testing of the systems. the real systems, radar systems. we're building that up, very bipartisan support to build that up. first and foremost, we're at the cornerstone of missile defense. the hub in the arctic and pacific. air force f u.s. assets. fifth ave over 100 generation fighters, the f-35 and f-22s. we'll have over a hundred, f-35s of ng in the next couple years. there is no place on planet ha

alaska? governor walker: we are resource state. one pointpeline at provided 25% of our nation's oil. it is critical to alaska's economy. it has been since about the mid-19 70's. christ is it preclude you from having a state -- host: does it preclude you from having a state income tax because of the revenue generated from the pipeline? governor walker: alaska has been very fortunate to be able to live off the resources in our great state for a long time. we are fortunate in that regard. we have other resources like natural gas that we've put back in the ground up and north. stateyou just signed the budget and it was a pretty substantial cut in funding. your unemployment rate is high. what is going on economically? walker: 90% of our revenue came from oil. when the price of oil dropped from $100 and more a barrel, we lost about 86% of our revenue. we had to make some changes. an adjustment we knew for a long time would have to take place. we are doing that now. significant budget cuts and closure of facilities. the legislature has passed the bill. nowlargest revenue source from our perm

we'll explore alaska's natural beauty, history, culture and public policy issues facing the state. saturday morning on c-span, washington journal accios energy reporter on the effect of climate change in alaska. and sunday morning, jacqueline pata discusses native american and native alaskan issues osm en that the che -- on "the communicators," tina p pigeon talks about how the company makes broadband possible for small villages across tundras, glaciers and mountains. then christopher detrick on providing health care through teled me san antonio remote communities in alaska. then on book tv saturday at noon eastern, the clmbings span cities tour explores the alaska literary and historical scene with dermot cole, author of "amazing pipeline stories," the president of the heritage institute with her book on alaska nate is, and stan jones, author and former "anchorage daily news" reporter on the 1989 exxon valdez oil spill. sunday at 9:00 p.m. eastern on afterwords, author mark adams talk bts about his book, "tip of the iceberg," his experience retracing an 1899 expedition of scientist

actually we are looking at the state of alaska. e story of this new state is a , a richy of a big land land that is being developed by hard-working settlers who are working a new region out of our last frontier. let's get better acquainted with alaska so we can understand why it is so important to us. one reason for alaska's importance is its geographical position, the air routes. the airplane is making alaska the center of a new communication route for the air age. another important feature is alaska's size. let's compare it with the rest of the united states. we can see it is about 1/5 the size of our whole country. alaska's vast undeveloped regions are a storehouse of natural wealth. there are magnificent mountain ranges bearing precious ores of gold, silver and copper. there are 20 million acres of forest. the lumber and wood for future american markets. there are rivers teeming with fish, and along the coastline, there are untapped deposits of oil. because alaska extends 1200 miles from north to south, it has a variety of clima

alaska. capital of the 49th state. this weekend on c-span, but to be an american history tv, this will be to our stops across alaska. showing the states natural beauty. we will delve into the unique history and literary culture. >> the seafood industry is one of the top economic drivers and alaska. we will look at how regulations have helped preserve and protect alaska's ocean life and the process for preparing seafood for market. >> fishing has been a big part of alaska forever. alaska has been known for its salmon production. the world knows we have the most pristine waters in the world. it is the cleanest waters ever. i don't think it gets any better. >> the seafood industry is the corner of the alaskan economy. it employs nearly 60,000 people each year and accounts for 15 -- $1.5 billion in wages. federaloil and gas and spending, it is one of the key economic drivers in the state. we are at a seafoam plant -- seafood plant in alaska. this is a family thing. i was raised in a small town called petersburg. it is south

eastern, the c-span cities tour visits the alaska state capitol, the alaska native heritage center and fort wainwright army base. and at four clock on real america, watch documentaries on alaska. silver6 film alaska's millions, 1949 film eskimo hunters in northwestern alaska, centenniallm alaska and the 1944 film alaska highway . watch alaska weekend saturday and sunday on the c-span network , c-span.org, or listen on the free c-span radio app. >> senator mark warner, and senator marco rubio, a member of that committee took part in a discussion earlier today on russia's interference in the 2016 election. by a panelollowed looking at russia's broader efforts to increase its influence in the democratic world. hosted by the atlantic council, this runs about an hour and 50 minutes. and 50 minutes. [indiscernible]

but then on the other hand, there's a perspective of the state of alaska itself or other western states that want to administer its public lands and public wealth as it sees fit trick you tina, cascade maryland. >> caller: hello. i have been, my family has handed for generations. i believe in hunting. i am very much concerned about thed environment. i heard someone talking about that. i heard someone say about grouse. we have no grouse left in maryland. no quail. they are disappearing from maryland and p.a. i'm in my late '40s and i watched this in a my generation. the lands are being cleared. we keep buying plastics and putting out chemicals, killing things that need to feed these animals. and i do believe it's up to the states. my children want to go hunting. there's no land left. pennsylvania deer has died at. there is elk but you can't get a license for elk hunting. >> guest: well, i mean, the sort of heartfelt feeling about the degradation to the environment is exactly what led to the o passage of the endanged species act of 1973. to some degree it lay behind the obama administrati

state on c-span. >> as part of c-span's alaska weekend on the communicators we thought we'd look at some of the tech and communications issues faced by our 49th state. joining us from anchorage is tina pidgeon, senior vice president and general counsel of a company called gci. what is gci? >> gci has a telecommunications and technology company that serves statewide in alaska and we've been serving the state since the late 70s and we are founded on the principles of using innovation and competition to deliver services as broadly and deeply as possible throughout alaska. >> who are ron duncan and bob rall and what was their vision when they started? >> ron duncan who is also our current ceo and bob wolf are the founders of the company and ron and bob had a vision that they could deliver better services to alaska by investing in theology and time and this is the late 70s , so long distance services that customers experience, especially in rural alaska were very expensive and not a particularly high quality. they believe they could improve the service and deliver rural alaska in a much better experience

that was what changed the state of alaska in terms of revenues to the state. then you have what would be described as more satellite fields that spoke out in state areas again further to the west of the area. what we are seeing now with the level of exploration and the fines they are seen between the satellite areas on the state lands and the opportunities within the npr a, national petroleum reserve, which is further to the west of the 1002 and that is where your scene strong development right now. >> host: what you say to people who are concerned about the environment and think that oil drilling or gas drilling would be a wrong thing to do? >> guest: i invite them to come up. it's important that they see. takes me back to my earlier comments about you need to see us to believe it and understand it. what you see when you come in to prudhoe bay and the dead horse area is a mature developed, oilfield that was developed using the technologies from 45 years ago. it's a much bigger footprint. you then go out to the difference in the alpine field or what they're do

state as he possibly could. i have examples in both of those areas. on the bottom inside, in alaska we have a low population only about 700,000 people who live in an area that is twice the size of the state of texas. to reach this communities there is space, not necessarily between individual people, which you often see in rural american in the lower 48, as we called the continental united states, but there are communities dispersed where the people are located close together but there's distance between the communities. to deliver a viable broadband service we have had to innovate to be able to essentially bring communication as much as we can from the sky off the satellites and onto the ground for future services to connect the communities and connect them back to the internet hub. we built a one-of-a-kind combination microwave and fiber network system that now brings terrestrial level regular broadband services to about 84 communities throughout alaska. we've deployed my gray service in a way to deliver those transport between the communities and back to the internet in a way tha

so maybe the original really toss for the state of alaska was that when alaska became a state and wasn an option of choosing certain lands, the geologists early on figured this land on the north slope would be good to select. so had they not selected victim alaska's economy would've been an entirely different than it is today. but the state geologists selected that land, and then leased it to the all companies. what that meant was alaska retained a royalty or an ownership interest in the oil on that land. so what eight of the oil belongs to the state -- about one-eighth. so the state have light on that 1/8 share, a cache cache sound of it, to help run its government, plus the severance tax that the state collects on the rest of the oil. so the severance tax and the royalty oil have about two many tens of billions of dollars over the years and really provided the economic power to the state economy. in the 1970s there was great concern all this oil money would flow in and it would be spent immediately. the state adopted a constitutional amendment to save a percentage of its royalties.

serve, but through technology and innovation, it is possible to deliver services throughout the state of alaska. from the more urban locations like anchorage to some of the most rural locations that i think exist in the united states, even beyond. peter: what are some of those innovations that gci has come up with? you mentioned, we have had to be very innovative in terms of meeting challenges that providing service in alaska really brings to us. really, most recently, overcoming those challenges has been necessary to deliver growth -- both broadband and wireless services as deeply and broadly throughout the status we could. i have examples, really, in both of those areas. the broadband side, in alaska, we have a low population. a little more than 700,000 who live in an area twice the size of the state of texas. to reach those communities, there's a lot of space not necessarily between the youvidual people, which often see in rural america and the lower 48 as we call the continental united states here, but there are communities dispersed were the people a located close together, but there's a l

we'll explore alaska's natural beauty, history, culture and public policy issues facing the state. saturday morning on c-span's washington journal, axios energy reporter on the effect of climate change in alaska and on sunday morning, the executive director of national congress of american indians discusses native american and native alaskan issues. on the communicators, saturday 6:30 p.m. eastern, general counsel for alaskan cable provider gci talks about how the company makes broadband possible for small villages across tundra, glaciers and mountains. and telecommunication in alaska. book tv saturday noon eastern, exploring alaska's literary and historic scene, with dermott cole, author of "amazing pipeline stories". the president of the see alaska heritage world with her book on alaska native and celebrations. stan jones, author and former news reporter on the 1989 exxon valdez oil spill and sunday at 9 p.m. eastern on after words, author mark adams talks about his book "tip of the iceberg" hess experience retracing a 1899 expedition of artists, conservationists and writers up th

listen to the alaska house and senate debate on how to use the alaskan permanent fund to close the state budget deficit. will hear from alaska's governor, bill walker and an u empirew with junea reporter. you can listen with the free c-span radio app. on friday, secretary of state mike pompeo and u.n. ambassador nikki haley met with members of the un security council to discuss the latest on north korea. afterward, the two met with reporters when secretary pompeo was asked about vladimir putin possibly making a visit to the u.s. in the fall. from you and headquarters, this is 10 minutes -- from u.n. headquarters, this is 10 minutes. pompeo: good afternoon, everyone. i want to first commend my good friend ambassador haley entered team here. she has a great team behind her. thank you. i came here was to meet with members of the un security council. south korea and japan. and convey the details of my trip earlier this month. i also had the opportunity to meet with the u.n. secretary, secretary-general, to discuss a variety of topics. the countries of the security council are united on the n

alaska. capital of the 49th state. this weekend, we feature our stops across alaska, showing you the natural beauty and delve into its history and literary culture. sunday night on q&a, grace cannon monarchy daughter of american diplomat george kennen discusses her memoir, "daughter of the cold war." >> i met him and 91 when he was mayor. >> was he deputy mayor? >> yes, i had a client who wanted something to do with support at st. petersburg -- the port at st. petersburg. the real mayor was called away, so they substituted with the deputy mayor, putin. i was annoyed, because i wasn't meeting with the mayor. i knew that putin had been kgb, i was negative about it. he came in, and he was equally negative. he didn't want to meet some american woman claiming to run a business. i think he was very suspicious of women. he had no gallantry. had thehe coldest -- he coldest eyesight i had ever seen. very big, blue cold eyes. was, iould think of wonder what would happen if he was interrogating me? >> sunday night at 8:00 eastern

the state of alaska. broadly endorsed the project the scientists at the university ratcheted up their opposition. and one of the outcomes of all this is that tyler's group did find a series of scientific studies. maybe to placate the objecting scientist at ua. maybe because they thought they were important. is not completely clear. prior to a project and then had ever been done. i think ever anywhere. essentially it prefigured the modern environmental impact report. it would not be acquired. this was in the late 50s. that is another thing that came out of chariot. fish, weather. studies of all kinds. in studies to include the human use of that area. by the native people and their's assistance. forty-two different studies. it was this big. and what they started to show with some of the scientists coming out of fairbanks here. they started to show around the world there had been problems with radiation moving up through the food chain demand. in the lower states when fallout from an atmospheric test in neva

on sunday at 2 pm, that c-span cities tour visits the alaska state capitol in the alaska native heritage center. they also will look at preparing seafood for market. at 4:30 pm on reel america, watch four documentaries on alaska. a 1936 film, a 1949 film, a 1967 film and a 1944 film.

alaska. capital of the 49th state. this weekend on c-span, on book tv, and american history tv, we will feature our stops across alaska, showing you the state's natural beauty and we will delve into alaska's unique history and literary culture. midwives have been helping women give birth throughout american history. over the past 100 years, their legal standing and relationship with the medical community has been complicated by regulations that have varied state to state. we spoke with purdue university professor wendy kline about this topic at a meeting of the american historians. it is about 15 minutes. >> wendy kline is the chair of history of medicine at purdue university. that's begin with midwives, what are they? prof. kline: great question. a lot of people don't realize they are still in existence. they think of them as a 16th century birth practitioner. they continue to be widely used across the globe as an attendant at birth rather than an obstetrician. >> let's talk about the difference between great britain a

this weekend on c-span, we feature stops across alaska, showing the state's natural beauty, unique history, and literary culture. juneau is the capital city of alaska, located in the panhandle 30,000.opulation of it is the most remote capital city in the country. no roads connecting it to the rest of the state. despite this, it is a popular destination for cruise ships and tourists coming to ride the mount roberts tram and visit the glacier. we continue our special look at alaska with a visit to its capitol building, built in 1931. >>

this weekend on book tv in american history tv, we will feature our stops across alaska, showing the states and natural beauty, history, and literary culture. >> now, as part of c-span's alaska weekend, an interview with senator lisa murkowski. she talks about her home state, her role as chair of the natural resources committee and her thoughts on supreme court nominee brett kavanaugh. this is just under 30 minutes. lisa murkowski of alaska, there are not too many third-generation alaskans around, is there? sen. murkowski: it's getting to the more and more. we are contributing with a fourth-generation. we have boys who are staying in the state. it is something i am proud of. i love my state, and i love my family's history there appeared >> what brought -- there. >> what brought your grandparents there? sen. murkowski:

america without an alaskan welder -- more temperatured landscape in alaska than any state extraction sits, oil, gold, sill very, sink, always looking to despoil the state. >> host: did tr ever visit alaska. the visited himself opportunity come with the heriman expedition in 1899, be get from them at the spanishar and ran for governor of new york but he selfed volumes of -- received volumes of the report of others who went to alaska and wrote reports, what were or heirlooms, what needed to be saved two areas today just under pressure to develop, bristol by a, the greatest fish can area and roosevelt did all these lieus to save the sam ron rub and now the pebble mine company out of angelo anglo-american corporation is trying destroy the great fishery areas that roosevelt fought to save and same with a arctic refuge, eisenhower crated it and now your hail drill, baby, dreamt that is like mining the grand canyon or chopping down redwood trees average it's bad idea but because the public doesn't see the arctic where a polar den and the great caribou herd, they think of it as energy instea

he retraces and 1899 -- the c-span cities tour visits the alaska state capitol, the alaskan heritage center and we will take a look at preparing seafood for market. at 430 on real america, watch for documentaries on alaska. the film alaska silver millions, 1949 film, eskimo hunters in northwestern alaska. watch alaska weekend, saturday and sunday july 21 and 22nd on the c-span networks. where you can listen with the free c-span radio app. >> sunday for the q&a, the daughter of american diplomat discusses her memoir, daughter of a cold war. >> i met putin and 91 in st. petersburg. >> was he deputy mayor then? >> yes. i was running my business consulting firm. i have a client that wanting something to do with the port of st. petersburg. i was meeting with the real mayor and they substituted the deputy mayor, putin. i knew putin had been kgb. i was negative about it, he came in and was equally negative. he did not want to meet with an american women. i think he was very suspicious of woman. he had no guarantee. he was the cold this, he had the coldest ice i have ever seen.

discussing the use of the alaska state fund to close the budget deficit. we hear from alaska governor bill walker and an alaska resident. "so, discussion with the juneau empire" reporter james brooks. >>

this weekend we will feature our stops across alaska, showing you the states natural beauty. we will delve into alaska's unique history and literary culture. fairbanks, alaska, is located 196 miles north of the arctic circle. while in fairbanks, we delivered lookout- we visited a and estate recreation area. area.tate recreation announcer: minors fresh to fairbanks alaska after the discovery of gold in 1902. miningexter: talks about and the area and the various tools and text makes used to extract gold from -to

states. we have more guns per capita in alaska than any other state in the country.ckage,s the whole and missile defense is certainly a part of it and a growing part of it, but it is exciting, and y supports it.s o we have had a buildup of all three of those pillars, and it is going to continue. >> "washington journal" continues. host: we want to welcome back, schatz the president of citizens against government waste, here talk about the 26th annual pay book summary, the book washington does not want you to read. what is the take away? spending was year supposed to produce, congress approved an increase in total discretionary spending. they increase by more than 116 percent, in other words, more than double between 2017, when they spent $6.8 billion. this of course under the moratorium. host: how do you find an earmark? guest: we define it differently than congress, which is why we still find them. there are seven criteria. one is whether the project is competitively awarded, whether whether wasrized, added only by the house or by the senate, whether it served a loca

c-span on book tv in american history tv, we will feature our stops across alaska, showing the state's natural beauty. there are 11 native culture groups in alaska. how sometake a look at of those groups live and the traditions that are still carried on today. >> >> welcome, we are at the alaska native heritage center. here we teach youth from preschool to high school about alaskan native cultures. we also have guests from all over the world and we teach about our 11 indigenous groups. >> some of us are classified as eskimos, some as classified as indians, but none of these words come from our people. the people classified as eskimos would be northwest, northern part of alaska. my people would be st. lawrence island, which is west of nome. and then we have the people classified as eskimos. there are also the people of the aleutian islands, and the alaska peninsula. the people classified as indians, the 11 indigenous groups. i'm going to take you around the lake and to our six traditional homes of the native people of alaska and i will teach you about the different items we have there a

on sunday at 2 pm, that c-span cities tour visits the alaska state capitol in the alaska native heritage center. they also will look at preparing seafood for market. at 4:30 pm on reel america, watch four documentaries on alaska. a 1936 film, a 1949 film, a 1967 film and a 1944 film. watch alaska weekend saturday and sunday, july 21 and 22 on the c-span networks , at www.c- span.org, or listen with the radio app. >>> senators student -- susan collins spoke about prescription drug prices at an event. including investigative work by the committee on uncovering price increases by prescription drug manufacturers, this is about 50 minutes. >> all right, well >>> good morning, everyone. i am the executive vice president and chief program officer here at pew where we have a diverse mix of initiatives ranging from health , consumer and environmental policy issues to advancing biomedical research. i know that july is prime time for leaving d.c. for beautiful and perhaps cooler summer places, like -- i am to be placed to welcome all of you here today and our special guest susan collins. we are rec

book tv, we on will feature our stops across alaska, showing you the state's natural beauty, and we willelve into their unique history and literary culture. juneau is the capital city of alaska. in juneau, we visited gold creek trail, linden hall glacier, mount roberts, and ox bay for whale watching. >> here we go. them.get >> wow, look at that. announcer: over the last 40 years, the a hundred mile trans-alaska pipeline has funneled close to 17 billion barrels of oil from the state's north spoke to the city. next, we will take a look at the pipeline's history, and its impact on the state of alaska. at the midway point of the trans-alaska pipeline. the project is 800 miles long, and oil was discovered on the north slope of alaska in 1968. and this was the largest oil field ever found in north america. and the instant that knowledge spread, everyone knew this was going to change the state of alaska for good.

in climate as well as general appearance, southeastern alaska is like our own new england states suchew hampshire or vermont. it may seem hard to believe but nevertheless true that washington, dc gets colder in winter than does juneau, the capital of alaska. ♪ bernard: what sold my heart for alaska was the first site of its main approach by water, the beautiful sheltered stretch called the inside passage. samee last ice age, the tunnel along which the vessels move peacefully were mighty glaciers. the ice melted away, ocean water flowed in to the carved out for fjord,nd -- carved out and now this. along the inside passage are alaska's first cities. this is juneau, the capital city , with about 6000 inhabitants. and the chief source of employment is one of the world's greatest engineering projects, the famous juneau, alaska gold mines. the smiling meadows make this region a veritable promised land. fine government roads wind through these forests and meadows, and the one motoring along suddenly finds himself in a wonderful dairy country. modern farm buildings and the fame of any scene l

state and federal collaboration. the importance of arts in history and preparing the future workforce. as part of our 50 capitals to the journeyan made to juneau, alaska. this weekend on book tv and american history tv we will show you the state's natural beauty and we will delve into the unique history and literary culture. its alaska weekend with programs on c-span, tv and american history tv exploring alaska's natural beauty, history and culture. next week we will take you back to 1989 when the exxon oil tanker hit a reef and spilled 11 million gallons of oil. stan jones is a reporter with the anchorage daily news. he recalls what happened at the effect of alaska. up and it wasoke all over the news. by the time i got to work a new all about it. my first reaction was dis- believe, how could this happen? the second reaction was shock at the enormity of it. they spilled i think 11 million coveredof oil and 11,000 square miles of ocean you for it was her. the scale was inconceivable. >> where were you working? mr. jones: i was a reporter at the anchorage daily news. but also covering business so i had covered oil even before the spill. >> can you tell

in alaska, we are part of the united states are. issues have significant to deal with in terms of whether, difficult to reach construction season, high wind, low temperatures, basically whatever we -- whenever we deploy any technology in alaska, we are taking something out of the test the plan for and doing some that nobody imagined it would do. those combinations make it a difficult area to serve. but through technology and innovation, it is possible to deliver services throughout the state of alaska. for more urban locations, like anchorage, to the most rural that exist in the united eights, even be on. >> what are some of those innovations? peter: what are some of those innovations that gci has come up with? ms. pidgeon: as you mentioned, we have had to be very innovative in terms of meeting challenges that providing service in alaska really brings \to us. really, most recently, overcoming those challenges has been necessary to deliver growth -- both broadband and wireless services as deeply and broadly throughout the status we co

we'll explore alaska's natural beauty, history, culture, and public policy issues facing the state. saturday morning on c-span, washington journal axios energy reporter amy hearter on the infect of climate change in alaska. sunday morning, the executive droektor of the national congress of american inldians discusses native-american and native alaskan issues. on the communicators saturday at 6:30 p.m. eastern, tina pigeon, general counsel for alaskan cable provider gci, talks about how the company makes broadband possible for small village as cross tundra, glaciers and mountains. and then incoming president of the alaska collaborative for tell he medicine and tell he health, christopher dietrich on providing health care to communities in alaska. and then on book tv had, saturday at noon eastern, the c-span city's tour explores the alaska literary and historical scene with dermot cole. and stan jones, author and former anchorage daily news investigative reporter on the 1989 exxon valdez oil spill. and on afterwards, mark adams talks about his book tip of the iceberg. his experience re

they visit the alaska state capital, the heritage center and army base. at 4:00 on reel america, watch for documentaries on alaska. the 1936 film, alaska silver millions. the 1949 film, eskimo hunters and northern alaska. the 1967 film, alaska centennial. and the 1944 film, alaska highway. watch alaska weekend saturday and sunday on the c-span networks. c-span.org or listen on the free c-span radio app. >> british prime minister, theresa may spoke with members of parliament about the 2018 nato summit held in brussels, belgium. she accused russia of trying to undermine western democracies.