let's bring in our guest for the next hour or so, alexander dryden. a surprise move. om the boj. what they have actually done. only a certain portion of cash will get charged with the negative rates. alexander: i think what you saw overnight added to the confusion. there was a lot of news to digest. it was not quite as vanilla as a negative interest rate cut. the threshold added to some of the volatility. we are starting off down a path of negative interest rates. in japan, they have come a long way in terms of quantitative easing. the bank of japan has taken that as far as it could possibly go in the short run and now they have to reach for another interesting, unorthodox monetary policy. guy: they talked about the inflation target. this is more about the chart that jon showed us earlier. the chinese are exporting deflation. japan has, since the start of the year, then a recipient -- been a recipient of it. how much is balancing the books? alexander: part of it is a currency war that is starting to settle in and asia. it is also about trying to stimulate the domestic