physical processes underlie the formation of sunspots, this is a question of science, i am alexander gasnikov, rector of the university of enopolis, our guest is maria abunina, presenter, research fellow from miran, head of the center for space weather forecasts, candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, maria, hello, hello, alexander, maria, let's start with a brief overview of solar weather, here are the figures that i just cited, how unusual are they for a period close to the maximum. solar activity, what is happening now can be considered an anomaly? no, in no case, this is normal the result of the vital activity of solar activity and there is nothing unusual about it, especially since the twenty-fifth cycle of activity, the current cycle, is far from being the most powerful, and compared to those that were observed, well, for example, in the 20th century, you are talking about cycles of activity, but what is space weather in general, what are these cycles, observing the sun, naturally, humanity began a long time ago... a long time ago and the first records of sunspots were found i