the organizer of the domestic chemical industry. and the first director for almost 30 years was alexey bakh of russian biochemistry. at first they decided urgent tasks. they found ways to produce detergents, lubricants, and dry peat wet coal for the first power plants. by the way, the institute embalmed lenin’s body. during the war , electrochemical fuses for mines, air regeneration systems for submarines, and much more were developed. the institute laid the foundation for a number of new scientific directions, including the use of atomic energy in the chemical industry. the branch of the institute in obnensk is one of the world's largest radiation-chemical centers. october 4, 1957, the day of the triumph of soviet rocket and space technology. the famous seven intercontinental ballistic missile r7 launched the first artificial earth satellite into orbit. a small ball made of aluminum alloys with antennas and a transmitting device. there were some fights. one of the engines fired delayed. the engine of the central unit switched off prematurely, but the satellite nevertheless reached the firs