>>host: alondra nelson is there distrust to health care?ey hate to just say that but specific list they specifically as of of syphilis experiment? >> the 40th anniversary is in july. we see distressed public health literature and historic call and see that it goes way back across the 20th century. they wanted to have doctors that were approachable more accountable to communicate and with appropriate care. it was dealing with the issue to do with dynamics. to make them feel o empowered rather than subjugated. the the health care work begins before the work is revealed in july 1972.

>> i continue to read about issues of health and science >>host: alondra nelson teaching at colombia university "body and soul" the black panther party and the fight against medical discrimination" published by the university of minnesota. >> our conversation with professors at colombia university continue. we aren't tulane to buy the author of "the lonely soldier" . professor use start off with a quote more happens to people one by one. >>guest: i was struck by the quote i was following the war home after every individual fighter. or does affect every individual civilians or soldiers. it is a monster reaching deep inside turning the life upside-down. >>host: how many women served in the iraq war? >> 205 the over 200,000, americans. >>host: is that unusual? to make yes. it says say president historic say. within two years into the war and all the wars put together since world war ii including afghanistan. it was a huge difference one out of every 10 was a woman to seven did they serve in different capacities? >> yes. because of the nature of the war there is no front line of our fash

. >> host: alondra nelson is very distressed in the african-american community toward health care? and hatred okay to just say health care, but i'm thinking specifically the tuskegee syphilis experiments. >> guest: yes, i think it is an important question. this is the 40th anniversary this july for tuskegee. we see this trust in the public health to deter and we see these accounts in these sort of things. it goes back well across the 20th century. the black panther party was partly responding to that, these issues of distrust. they wanted in their clinics to have doctors who are approachable, who are accountable to their patients. who would agree to communicate in certain ways with their patients. to treat them with respect and appropriate care. part of what the black panther party was doing was dealing with the issue of distrust by changing the dynamics of the patients and doctors. we are changing the interaction. as opposed to feeling subjugated by the encounter. one of the interesting things about the black panther party with regard to the tuskegee is that their health care work

. >> host: this is alondra nelson, her book is "body and soul: the black panther party and the fight against medical discrimination", published by the university of minnesota. >> more from our visit to columbia university. tv talks with helen benedict and her book "the lonely soldier." this is about 15 minutes. >> host: our conversations with professors at columbia university continues on booktv on c-span2. now we are joined by helen benedict, who is the author of "the lonely soldier." professor benedict, you start your book out a quote by martha gilford. war happens to people one by one. what does that mean? >> guest: i was struck by that vote. i was following the war home to the heart of every individual fighter. i am quoting from dh lawrence. it does affect every single individual involved in it, whether they be soldiers or civilians. it is a monster that reaches deep inside every single person. it turns our lives upside down, and i thought it was a very apt quote. >> host: how many women served in the iraq war? >> guest: about 200,000, actually over two hundred thousand. >> host: