we have amanda sayegh is a senior treasure representative for the austin government here at the joint embassy in washington. rudy penner, former director of the congressional budget office now at the urban institute. larry lindsey, former director of the national economic council at the white house and former federal reserve governor now running the lindsay grew. paul sheard, chief global economist at standard & poor's, and tony fratto, a former assistant secretary at the treasure now runs hamilton place strategies. larry, i want to start off with you with a simple question. have the american people gained anything from having a debt ceiling? >> thank you. it's a pleasure to be are today, and i guess i got the first question because -- [inaudible] i think the answer is yes and they think it's important to take a look at history. in order to understand what that is. as a way of introduction, i just thought i would correct slightly something the secretary said about the shooting on the other foot, right? when the president was senator he voted against the debt ceiling, and said washingt