could not compete financially against the established teams in the national league and the american association and ultimately it fell apart after a year. but this was an early attempt among baseball players to control their own destiny to determine how much they were paid and how much they were worth. so from the 1880s on until 1947, major league baseball was played only by white men, but that starts to change. and we'll take a look at the negro leagues over in the next case. so for black players who were not permitted to play in the major leagues, a lot of them started their own barn storming teams. we have an example of a team here in the 1880s in danbury connecticut. foster establishes the actual negro leagues, which is a professional league. there are a number of incarnations, a number of teams participated in that. but we have examples here from the indianapolis clowns, a program from one of their games, a signed baseball, a phenomenal pitcher who got his start and spent many years in the negro leagues. doesn't become a rookie until he's 42 and continues to pitch until he's 59 in the majo

to the whole healthcare industry, not just nursing homes the chief medical officer for the american association. >> do you worry if vaccinated that they'll leave nursing homes and just go to a different type of facility? >> there's a lot of hesitancy. and if we can't get enough workers, it'll be very hard to care for residents >> reporter: sanders fears the return of dark days when families were forced to say good-bye to isolated loved ones. >> i'm not going to be that person i'm another going to let that happen to my mom >> reporter: catie beck, nbc news, austin, texas. >>> residents of waverly county, tennessee, are reeling after 17 inches of rain fell in less than 24 hours, causing devastating flooding at least 22 are dead in humphries county and rescuers are still searching for missing people sam brock is there with more >> reporter: the city of waverly is in a state of shock >> there's people, their whole lives are gone >> reporter: floodwaters carried away homes, upended businesses, and stole precious human life, including infant twins riley and ryan >> we're going to be overwhelmed for t

the american hospital association, vice president of operations and sean smith, senior vice president at new york presbyterian. winky for joining us. no one want to turn it over to our moderator. editor and chief content at -- chief content officer. >> thank you, michael. thanks to our panelists for going us today. the american hospital association issued a statement supporting hospitals and health systems that made covid-19 vaccinations mandatory for their employees. many of hospitals and organizations are at the forefront including new york presbyterian. sean, are you hopeful mandatory vaccinations have an impact as the delta variant searches and vaccinations have plateaued? >> we try to have a flexible, low-cost and easy way to connect demand and supply in the health care workforce. >> that is a good segue into our next topic, which is about workforce challenges and opportunities from covid. so, with executives, like yourselves, it has been mentioned that workforce issues are the biggest challenge they are facing in the short and long-term. sean, are you hearing this at your own in

even the american association has questioned whether it is a valid diagnose. >> reporter: diagnoses that you may not have heard about. that's the diagnose of an antioch man who died, excited delirium. back in december of 2020, quinto's sister dialled 911 fearing about her sister. >> the officer and the detective told me that i did the right thing when i called. antioch police denied they pinned him to the floor. he lost consciousness and died three days at the hospital. >> if it was the right thing, they would not kill my brother. >> we know this is asphyxiation. >> reporter: the coroner ruled quinto's death was an accident. >> i can sleep at night. they also spent most of their time fighting to reform the department including advocating for a mental health response team. antioch police have not commented on today's finding. >>> he's promising to get every american home. it comes as he faces mounting criticisms for the chaotic operation. the president says evacuation flights have started after an eight hour pause because qatar has reached capacity. the u.s. is working with allies to find

how the american heart association is raising awareness. >>> and we are talking kids and mental health. we got expert advice on how parents can help make sure their kid's have a smooth is your family ready for an emergency? you can prepare by mapping out two ways to escape your home, and including your whole family in practice drills. for help creating an emergency plan, visit safetyactioncenter.pge.com a little preparation will make you and your family safer in an emergency. a week's worth of food and water, radio, flashlight, batteries and first aid kit are a good start to learn more, visit safetyactioncenter.pge.com >>> and a live look at the stocks. the dow having a good day. up almost 220 points. lots of people got work from home during the pandemic. >> would it be worth it if you had to take a pay cut? >> google is trying out reducing pay for those who opt to work from home permanently. staffers would work from home in the bay area could see between 5 and 10% cuts. remote workers who used to go from stanford, connecticut to the manhattan office could see their salary slashed 15%.

. >> he was part of some of a group of teams that were officially called the american association.t was colloquially known as the beer and whiskey league. >> that is the league i want to be in. >> yeah the beer and whiskey league was a cool thing, clearly. their opposite number was the national league. the american association is not the route of today's american league but the national league is today's root of the national, and it started out trying to make to push baseball in the opposite direction. it was all about making it more -- >> presbyterian? >> presbyterian. good word. exclusive, virtuous. they had rules that there was no baseball played on sunday. there was no alcohol served in any of the ballparks. and it was all about how baseball represents virtue and uprightness and every noble thing in the american character, but a lot of those things were actually code words for a certain kind of elitism. and keeping out the riffraff and so forth. they would allow the riffraff-ing where they could make money from them, but in fact in many of the ballparks then, particularly the n

, korean american women's association and i thank you all from the bottom of my heartretary of defense austin, and at the same time governor hogan and i'd like to thank you for your participation today. today i was reminded of a remark president biden made in his inaugural address. we will lead not merely by the example of our power but the power of our example. it was with the power of values america changed the world. a nation belongs to its people and everyone is free and equal without any discriminations. the founding principles of america have now become universal values shared across the world. korea was no exception. it was with the power of those values that we surmounted the colonial rule, dictatorship, war, and poverty. not a tale of fear but one of hope could be written. during the most trying times of the war and reconstruction it was the korean war veterans who stood by our side. as struggling as we were to rise above the ashes of the war, general richard whit come was the one who reached out to firmly hold our hands. war is done by weapons and its remains

the we know that the consumption of sugar in these products exceed the american heart association. what are you asking for from coca cola? well, what do you want this company? we want coca cola to in their deceptive marketing practices. they have spent $120000000.00 in 5 years between 201-2015 falsely advertising the product. the multinational retaliated by accusing the pastors the freedom of speech violation. and after suing for legal expenses, a threat with several $1000000.00, coca cola now demand that the case be dropped, the coca cola statement. the allegations here are likewise legally and factually merit unless and we will vigorously defend against them. the allegations are like coca cola misled consumers about the science of sugar sweeten beverages because several of their executives went out in the press and made statements like there is no link between sugar, sweet and beverages and diabetes. we know that is not the case with whenever the fostering industry is in the dark, it adopts the same line of defense. okay. and i just wanna explain your basically to me always here

this field in 1920, but where it really became popular were in cities that were part of the american association. those teams were located in st. louis, cincinnati. they brought with them a popular handy hand-held treat, the hot dog. it was easy to produce. it was easy to grill. it was easy to carry around. that made it a really popular item to sell at the ballparks. so not only did german immigrants introduce the hot dog to baseball, but waves of immigrants that came to this country adopted baseball as their own sport, used it as a way to become americans. so in this next case, we're going to see more of the immigrant story in baseball. this case is about the promise of baseball, about the immigrant experience, how baseball was a path to prosperity for a lot of immigrant groups. it was a way to find your american identity as a player or as a fan. the idea also is that if you are a team, whether you are player or not, if you are learning the rules, you are actually taking steps to becoming an american because you are becoming part of the national sport. if you have an understanding of the nation

the me we know that the consumption of sugar in these products exceed the american heart association. what are you asking for from coca cola? well, what do you want this company, we want coca cola to in their deceptive marketing practices. they have spent $120000000.00 in 5 years between 201-2015 falsely advertising their product. the multinational retaliated by accusing the pastors the freedom of speech violations and after suing for legal expenses, a threat with several $1000000.00. coca cola now demand that the case be dropped, the.

we welcome our friend hillary forward board member with the british american business association and president of st. mark l l. c. now, what is the take away from the growth that we're seeing in great britain in the 2nd quarter, and how do they get back to pre panoramic levels? is that going to happen this year? we'll pleasure to be back review brenda rachel. well, yes, i would say that the sun is never going to set on the british economy. it does not seem good, but with actually the hardest hit of the g 7 from the pandemic. and i think many people are tribute to napoleon, but it was actually a french, illusionary, who quoted it as being a nation of shopkeepers. they said it rather derisively, but it was actually taken with great pride by the british, why it is a nation of shopkeepers and the british are very social people. why was the u. k hit so hard and why is it bounce back so strongly? it is because the british have now gone out a lot of those statistics in the 2nd quarter. of course we're boyd by the success of the british, the english soccer team doing so well in the euros. th

they going that the english channel route and hillary ford, which of the british american business association always take that opportunity to talk about how well the british soccer team did in the year. are they going to clinch it to the well and billionaires jeff bases well gave and michael bloomberg are getting called out online after it was revealed that they are pouring millions of dollars into the hunt for precious metals in greenland are 2, john. heidi has the details on what they're looking for and why greenland, here comes the money billionaires, bill gates, jeff bezos and former new york city mayor michael bloomberg. among others went to drill through greenland thick ice to find raw materials to power. a new generation of electric cars, cove, old metals, a mineral exploration company, backed by break through energy, which is funded by gates bays those bloomberg and other prominent billionaires including investment banker, ray dalio, and virgin galactic richard. branson has entered into a joint venture with the london based mining company, blue j mining to mine, greenland for raw mate

view as well. >> patrick charles is joining us in new york part of the gathering of the american historical association. we thank you for being with us. >> thanks, steve. >>> c-span is your unfiltered view of government. we're funded by these television companies and more, including buckeye broadband. >> buckeye broadband supports c-span as a public service along with these other television providers. giving you a front row seat to democracy. >>> now on american artifacts, a visit to the nra's national fire arms museum in fairfax, virginia, to see its collection of guns and learn about the role firearms have played during the course of american history. >> welcome to the nra national firearms museum. i'm jim supica, museum director. we're going to go through the museum and take a look at the history of americans and their firearms. we'll start with the earliest precolonial days, go up through current time. we'll look at the role firearms have played in terms of the settlement and expansion of america, the role firearms have played in military and sporting and personal shooting roles. we'll see the guns

every major medical association including the american heart association, the heart is all they focus on, have come out to say that the benefits of the shot found far outweigh any theoretical risk of the vaccine. >> dr. patel is a specialist in pediatrics. it is great to get his expertise. now the question. when will the kids under 12 get a vaccine? >> we are getting close. the projections that we would see data submitted for the emergency use authorization by the end of september and maybe early october. it is possible by the end of fall and early of order 4, we could see a vaccine authorized for kids age 5 to 11. in the meantime, you don't need me to tell you about it, let's get everyone above the age of 12 vaccinated and make sure those who can safely wear masks and wash their hands. >> michelle turner wants to know, what is the best mask to use for 11-year-old for in person school. double cloth was surgical? or something else? >> make sure that we are using the masks that we know work best. triple ply will be totally fine and even if you are buying a spider-man mask online, just m

pet owners survey shows that 56% from 1988 when the survey was first conducted the north american heart associationans spent nearly 2 billion dollars total on pets in 2000, 19 annual expenditures for pets, accidents and illnesses came to $594 for dogs. $321 for cats. well labor day gasoline will be the most expensive since 2014 and hurricane ida is to blame. jump to 3.18, a gallon as the nationwide average is seen head of the traditional end of summer and instagram will begin requiring users can from their birthdays as part of it effort to create new safety features for young people. instagram had explored building a version of its app for kids under the age of 13. but lawmakers urge them to drop those plans. the absence of will ask users for their birthdays when they open instagram and then we'll show several pop ups that they do not enter their birth date from the nasdaq market site. i'm jane king. back to you. thanks, jenna. 7.25. and coming up next on the kron 4 morning news our coverage of the caldor fire near lake tahoe continues for the clase. take a closer look. >> at where the front lines

the american psychological association is the world's largest organization of psychologists, and probably has the most influence over the community of psychologists around the world. ah, secretly b a p a and make it my colleges working in the torture program to override the ethical code of you know, home if the military and ca required it a program of abusive interrogations. the program of torture to see a was designed by psychologist and at guantanamo, was designed by a psychologist and a psychiatrist after they were trained in the techniques in the program of the ca abuse. and that's when i could basically stand no, oh and so suddenly i went trim just being a psychologist in my office to becoming the face of opposition to the a p. s. position war is a strategic business. are planning and our execution needs to be really well thought out and it has consequences for a year. i was in conversations with the department of defense and with the white house. and i learned that we had psychiatrist in psychologists who were advising the interrogation teams me, dan, i learned that they were not ju

our discussion is hosted by the american bar association. want to focus for a minute on the proper role of the courts in the voting arena. as she has reminded us, we, last year saw a sitting president who refused and to date, continues to refuse to acknowledge the outcome as legitimate as the number 20 election. part of it was running to courts. state court, federal court, seeking to overturn the outcome of the ballot count presented by election officials. many, including myself consider those attempts to be legitimate. yet, here we are, six months later and certainly, we know the state legislation has been enacted or will be enacted in our court system. the establishment of constitutional rights in the area. we could potentially intervene there. the legislation i mentioned in my opening is enacted. you can see as we saw with the shelton county. the attempts to challenge those federal exercises and legislative authorities in those areas. with in i on this, it decision coming at the end of june and one of those late decisions by the supreme c

which was sponsored by members of the national american womenn's suffrage association. she spoke to the crowd and suffragists and child while fair activists. she says i want you to know how much i feel this responsibility. there will be many times when i shall make mistakes, and it means a great deal to me to know that i have your encouragement and support. then she was driven to the headquarters of the association, where she spoke from the balcony, addressing the crowd. from there, she proceeded to the capital, arriving to be sworn in, along with the other members of the 65th congress. so this is a little news clip they had of the 65th opening day. you can see the jefferson building down in the background. so that day, the house chambers galleries were packed. suffragists and other curious observers peered over the railing to see rankin enter the room. reporters described the scene. men and women in the galleries pounded hands together and yelled themselves hoarse! members did the same on both sides of the chamber when miss jeanette rankin, the lady from montana entere

charles: it was a little bit of a slip with sam on investors but even there the american associationith individual investors bullishness claps to her three weeks ago and has not rebounded, just across the board something on main street that does not reflect what is happening on the stock market right now. >> i think the bullishness we have seen certainly as markets have recovered more in the past two weeks is perhaps looking a little farther forward versus the survey that came out on consumers i think it's a feeling that we need to be prepared because there's so many unknowns that can pop up the delta variant, army kids are going to be able to go to school, those are day-to-day issues versus wall street we will get through it in three months. charles: that is all. i'm sorry i didn't mean to jump on you, i thought you were done. even with the consumer whether a sentiment number couple weeks ago that absolutely crashes confidence number today, the current conditions near expectation and the expectation six months out look shaky so you think about that and you think for instance the chi

i spoke to the president of the american association of pediatrics in the last hour.more quickly to approve vaccines for younger children, 5 to 11-year-olds. do you think there needs to be a sense of urgency on this front? >> i do because things have changed dramatically since last month and certainly since two months ago. we now have an even more desperate situation when it comes to rising number of cases and the dangers for our children. and, so, i definitely want the fda to be following the right protocols. i don't want any shortcuts to be taken. but i think the fda should give us an explanation of where they are. that would be up next. where are we with the data? is the fda requiring more than two months of data? or can two months, which is what we requested for older groups, can that be sufficient when it comes to safety? it is so important that we make sure that the vaccines for the older group or for this group, 5 to 11, are safe and effective as they are for older children and adults. but we need to get that information. the more we can expedite this process,

one week ago, the president of the american association of pediatrics assent a letter to the fda sayingte -- obviously, you don't read the fda, but i wonder from your vantage point, do you have any movement on the side all a lot of epidemiologists out there are saying that the fda could move faster on this. why isn't the fda listening to the ap, and moving faster on, this especially with delta cases surging among younger children? >> maddie, this is a very complicated situation. again, we don't want to be in a situation of giving children a vaccine without being absolutely sure that we have the dos, right and we understand if there are side effects. basically, the companies that have developed the vaccines have been running those trials, but they haven't yet submitted their data to the fda on a large enough number of kids for us to be absolutely sure. that data will be submitted in next month, in september, i'm sure fda will work quickly on it at that point. but, again it's benefit, risk kids are not just down scaled adults. they are things about kids that you want to be sure you've rea

association. it also includes organizations that advocate for safer roads like the american traffic safety services association. i've been pleased to find common ground with senator padilla and our colleagues on both sides of the aisle to help build support for this amendment, and i think actually enhance the work done by the bipartisan negotiating group. this is not something they were able to get done in that negotiating group, they've told me, even though it was a subject of discussion. so now it's a chance for the rest of us, on a bipartisan basis, to weigh in and make this bill better. throughout the process, we've made adjustments so states with unique but no less important infrastructure needs could put this funding towards those uses. we're in the process of making some final tweaks to ensure that we receive broad bipartisan support as well as that of the white house, and i hope we'll have a vote on this amendment on the senate floor soon. our amendment will empower local officials to make the best decisions for their communities and ensure that taxpayers get the most bang for their buck wi

one week ago, the president of the american association of pediatrics sent a letter to the fda sayingda to continue working aggressively toward its authorizing safe and effective covid-19 vaccines for children under age 12 as soon as possible. obviously, you don't run the fda, but i wonder from your vantage point, do you know of any movement on this. a lot of epidem aulshzs, doctors are saying the fda could move faster. we're ready for under 12s to get the shot. why aren't they moving faster on this, especially with delta cases surging among younger children? >> well, mehdi, this is a complicated situation. again, we don't want to be in a situation of giving children a vaccine without being absolutely sure that we have the dose right and we understand if there are side effects. and basically, the companies that have developed the vaccines have been running those trials, but they haven't yet submitted their data to the fda on a large enough number of kids for us to be absolutely sure. that data will get submitted next month in september. i'm sure fda will work quickly on it at that poi