kids: house finch, mourning dove, european starling, brewer's blackbird, red-tailed hawk, american crowboy: hooded oriole, gray egret, great blue heron, and a mockingbird. rumble: the students love this. they love charging in here and really getting to know at a very deep, profound level what's showing up in our habitat. we observe, we record, we analyze, we share. all of these are important skills for our students. so, at the very bottom, do you see the live spider ithere? kids: yeah. rumble: i'm surrounded by deerweed, native sages, encilia, but if you go back to 2014, i would have been standing on asphalt. peel back that asphalt, allow the dirt to be there, to plant native plants and create a living laboratory for students to really explore. girl: my name is ramona ramino. i like the garden because we come here and explore nature in the garden. what i e in the garn is hummingbirds, mockingbirds, and flowers. second girl: my name is jimena lopez. we're trying to illustrate poppies and deer grass. boy: the california poppy is a flower native to california. rumble: it was a beautiful th

americans had received at the very end of the civil war. and recreating slavery by another name. a segregated society. and what we have come to call, jim crow. the initial moments had changes in state laws which-limited the rights of african americans of white supremacy. african american society was attacked on all levels. not simply physical violence, but psychologically and intellectually, and by the denial of all of the rights. but african americans responded to that, in a way that created their own society and allow them to express their own vision for the future. the white hood, become the symbol of the ku klux klan, it was widely seen across society protecting the identity of individuals, although, and most communities everyone knew who was underneath the hood. but it wasn't just the physical terror epitomized by the clan and by the lynchings that the klan and other parts of society conducted. more than 4000 individuals were illegally murdered, with no consequences on the perpetrators. from the 18 eighties into the 19 forties. it was a constant process of terror, of intimidation. the other part, however, was not so physical. it had to

americans had received at the very end of the civil war. a segregated society. what we have called come to call jim crow. which limited the rights of african-americans, limited their right to move, limited their right to vote, limited their rights to serve on juries, limited their economic rights. but it simply wasn't the imposition of new laws. it was the support of those laws by a reign of terror, quite frankly. and the symbol of that terror has come to be the ku klux klan. but the klan was not the only element of terror. it was a broadly societal effort that is epitomized by the klan. founded in 1865, the klan was established to enforce new kinds of laws and the creation of a new type of white supremacy. african-american society was attacked on all levels, not simply physical violence but psychologically and intellectually and by the denial of all of their rights. but african-americans responded to that in a way that created their own society and allowed them to express their own vision for the future. the white hood became the symbol of the klu klux klan and was widely seen across society protecting t

crow car. this is a columbia and gulf railroad car from 1929. and you can see the word colored. on those back seats the automobile gave african-american's freedom free black travelers from the tyranny of the jim crow railroad car and bus it offered freedom of movement and it offered dignity. african-american americans found that the segregated trains that gave them no dignity and here. well, here's your own private rolling living room right if you were driving in your own car you had a private space. it was protected you were you were freed from that segregated insults. you were freed from listening to the bus driver tell you to move to the back of the bus you were freed from the railroad car. that might be right behind the engine. so this was really an important change in african-american life the automobile. by the 1950s with the interstate highway system. upwardly mobile black families were able to travel and become travel consumers. and they started to consume travel just as they consumed things like refrigerators and televisions and coffee percolators. they used the dollars in their disposable income to purchase automobiles and cam

on american policy during the period and we need to do that to end the plight of african-americans in the jim crow. and johnson was against those construction policies but it was a simple view of things in was a solid guy. >> that were they stand in history it is always subject to interpretations with new political impulses and that the fact that andrew jackson and woodrow wilson. >> he was ranked very highly. he took us into the war in europe and had no idea what he was doing and trying to make the world safer democracy he made europe safe for the degradation ofof germany and tilted in favor and god into the war with our policy regarding neutrality. in a way that i was rather nefarious. and then we trampled upon and then the economy went into a terrible recession at the end of his second term. so yes every time he grows a notch. >> and attitude towards african-americans and andrew jackson's tear - - trail of tears? >> yes both of those things had impact significantly and it comes down for reasons people applying today's standards. but yes woodrow wilson was it's fair to say he was as overt a raci

americans. the founder and director of the jim crow museum of racist memorabilia argues although the artifacts are offensive they can be used as teaching tools to promote conversation and understanding. next on american artifacts a visit to the museum in big rapids, megs, to see a selection of artifacts from their collection of thousands. special thank tuesday the museum's videoographer franklin hughs who do to the coronavirus recorded audio and video via zoom. >> when i was a kid i went to a flee market hybrid carnival. there were carnival rides and the like but there were also people selling objects. one of the objects was similar to this. i purchased it, and i broke it. and, again, it wasn't a philosophical thing. i just didn't like the object. i don't remember the second object or the third or the fourth, but i started collecting and basically have been collecting for several decades. i did start out with the anticipation of creating a museum i was what most people would call an obsessive collector. and the idea of it becoming not just a collection as teaching tools but actually as a museum ha

americans. the founder and director of the jim crow museum of racist memorabilia argues that although the artifactsteaching tools to promote conversation and understanding. via zoom we visited the museum in big rapids, michigan, to see a selection of their artifacts. watch tonight beginning at 8:00 eastern. and enjoy american history tv every weekend on c-span 3. >> american history tv on c-span 3. exploring the people and events that tell the american story every weekend. coming up this president's day weekend saturday at 6:00 p.m. eastern on the civil war author edward achorn talks about his book "every drop of blood" considered one of the greatest speeches in american political history. sunday 2:00 p.m. history on oral histories virginia coleman describes her experiences as a chemist for the manhattan project at oak ridge to build the atomic monday. and monday at 7:30 p.m. eastern on american artifacts, totographer and storyteller john -- on the 42 giant busts of american presidents created by sculptor david addicks decaying on a property in virginia. watch american history tv this weekend on c-

guy so they try to erase the language if you had any means at all and you were native american whether you were crow whether you were absurd whether you were navajo or whether you were. no matter what you were from from the rainforest. they would send you back to the carlisle indian school. the carlisle indian school they would try to erase everything that made you an indian now. i'm an irishman and the brits try to do this verse for 800 years. so i've got a little chip on my shoulder about this thing, you know. but this is exactly this is exactly what we did the names we went and said don't speak your language. world war ii we realized that language. the navajo code thank god some people still spoke the language the enemy never figured it out. so it wasn't just the novel they are the ones who of course were most famous for that, but the native americans finally got a little bit of niche of appreciation what they had done because we had preserved because some of that language had not been entirely erased now. i'm gonna you look to allow me one little personal indulgence when i was talking about race

henry white leaves congress where there's no african-americans who serve in either the house or the senate. and that has everything to do with the jim crow laws that go on the books in the south, and the way that that changes over time during those decades, there's a critical thing going on in the south where african-americans begin to leave the south and move northward as part of a multidecade movement that would later be called the great migration. and that begins, oh, depending on which historian you talk to, 1890s, and runs really through world war ii. it picks up momentum around world war i. as there's a need in the north to fill industrial jobs and jobs that have been occupied by men who have now gone off to fight in the war. and you see tens of thousands of african-americans moving northward for the first time, out of the rural south, out of agriculture jobs to industrial jobs in chicago, st. louis, cleveland, pittsburgh, new york and over time the african-american population in those cities increases, and the african-americans in those cities are gradually recruited by the political parties, and oscar depriest is a perfect exampl

george henry leaves congress, when there is no african americans, who served in either the house or the senate and it has everything to do with the jim crow laws, they go on the books. in the south, and, the way that that changes over time, during those decades, there is a critical thing going on. in the south, where, african americans began to leave the south, and move northward. as part of a multi decade movement, that would later be called the great migration. and, that begins, depending on which historian you talk to. 18 nineties, and runs really through world war ii. it picks up momentum, around world war i. as, there is a need, in the north to fill industrial jobs. and jobs, that had been occupied by men, who had now gone off to fight a war. you see tens of thousands of african americans, moving northward. for the first time. out of the rural south, out of our agricultural jobs. to industrial jobs. chicago, st. louis. cleveland. pittsburgh. new york. and, overtime, the african american population, and the cities, increases. and, the african americans, in the cities, are gradually recruited by the political parties. and oscar de prie

we needed to do that in order to end the plight of african-americans in the jim crow era. reconstruction of the radical republicans so called in the congress. there were people who were suggesting andrew johnson was rather courageous. blinken appointed him southerners who hated what he was doing was intellectually wide-ranging fellow kind of a stoller guy, and so that is why we can pull them up to be based presidential running mate i in 1864. it's a great man is quite famous pretty shut up totally jerome made us technical himself, which did not endear them to anyone in washington d.c. at that time paycheck as you write where they stand new vepolitical impulses, given that the fact that andrew jackson and woodrow wilson have both dropped in the polls in recent years haven't they? >> one of the great woodrow wilson detractors. he was ranked very, very highly. prthese were the most disastrous terms, presidential terms in our history. he took us into the war in europe, he had no idea what he was doing. thought is t going to make the world safe for democracy. he made europe saf

around george floyd and breonna taylor was a story about a tallahassee activist, a black crow, nigerian black american was assaulted and murdered seeking protection and seeking shelter in a moment where she was actively engaging in our movement to fight for us and to fight for our trans brothers and sisters. so to note this was a story that was kind of left out of the narrative of this moment -- i would not say intentional, but it is something that begs of us to pay attention to listen deeper, to go into our communities and see how are we internalizing the harm and violence of this country and had we show up better in our movements for one another. amy: as you say her name, talk about the "say her name" movement. i think "say her name" was born out of a necessity in a moment where media was hyper focused on the violence in the way police violence was showing up in our communities around black men and the stories of black men. "say her name" as i campaign that was created to support the voices of black women all over the country, particularly around state violence in the way state violence is also impa

american problem. specific. when you think about segregation and jim crow there is always a democratic party.they mentioned the 40 acres and a mule print that was ended by a democratic president, andrew johnson. talk about the kkk and those a democratic terrorist organization that ended at the end of 1880s but brought back again by woodrow wilson in 1915 and by the way, the lynching you're talking about, 4700 people died at the hands of mobs and 1300 of those were whites, italians and catholics because you're looking at people that were just angry, evil people that hated anyone different from them. it's important to keep that in mind. if you want to talk about reparations this is more specifically in terms of the people that did it. it was not americans. americans fought against that and that is why we ended up winning and defeating slavery because so many americans decided to finish up. i wanted to make that point and mr. elder, i have a question for last year prior to the pandemic we helped all americans, most notably american indians and cnbc in 2019 set american on up limit had the lowest

such an issue in the united states i think for her because of all of the jim crow laws of that intense. hatred of african-americans so this notion that you could mix. was was absolutely. you know impossible for many whites to accept that it was illegal in many states but you all my. know what benefit the most on your children needing the money is not. so much of a thought or. bullshits that i knew. or i see as much below it's incredibly cut that this isn't a new country. says it has a constitution they're actually. close to racial and gender and all different kinds of discrimination my grandfather george times. is from. virginia. and he ended up in russian the most peculiar way he was able to land an amazing time checked with the ministry of culture in russia and he. got in a boat and then in the soviet union in 1930 s. it's important to remember that this was the period of the great depression and it was also a period in which the soviet government was during a massive recruitment people with turkey who killed. he graduated a diversity as agriculturists there's no career moves there's no jobs and there's so much

have been continued and we needed to do that in order to end the plight of african-americans in the south and the jim crow era. so now grant is gone up in the polls and johnson has gone down who was fighting against the reconstruction policies of the so-called radical republicans in the congress. host: when arthur's lessons your senior first did his polls in the forties, johnson came out pretty high. >> yes. people were suggesting johnson was courageous. and he had been because during the civil war when tennessee was reclaimed by union forces, lincoln appointed him as the military governor of that part of tennessee which marked him as an assassination target from the southerners who hated what he was doing and he did it anyway. there was courage with a guy he wasn't wide ranging but he was a simple view and a stalin guy and so that is why we again pulled him out to be the presidential running mate that he showed up totally drunk and made a spectacle of himself which does not endear him to anybody but washington dc. >> history's judgment is always subject to newer interpretations new political impulses. gi

crow. see this as a blank future. 18.8% of african-americans live in poverty in 2019 compared to 7.3% of non-hispanicive in poverty. the report last year in 2016, network of african-americann households was $13024 left, less than 10% 1 of the $149,000 net worth for non-hispanic white households. limited access to opportunities have led to this disparity. l african-americans continue to face discrimination in the workplace and limited access to educational opportunities according to the national education association. high school graduation rate for african americans was 67% compared to the nationwide average of 81% and theyia contie racial segregation of housing and dissemination available to quality healthcare services and other acts of life. covid-1919 pandemic has exacerbated the structural racial disparities, workers on the front lines and low-paying jobs often not covered by union in the south and public authority and lower wages contact with people in front lines were covid-19 spies hr 40 would be important step in finding effective long-term solutions to these problems go through the shameful

americans? though we tend to think of the post reconstruction era as a time when blacks were stripped of political power under the -- and the structures of the gym pro system -- jim crowtem were being constructed, black people's votes mattered. harrison sterling price ashby, stub ashby, tackled the issue head on, declaring to the mostly white delegates, although there were some black ones, that african americans are in the ditch just like we are. we want to do good to every citizen in the country and he is a citizen just as much as we are and the party that acts on that fact will gain the colored boat of the south. the delegates went on to elect two african-americans to the parties state executive committee. >> learn more about texas populists sunday at 1:05 p.m. eastern and 10: 5 a.m. pacific -- 10:05 a.m. pacific. >> doctoral candidate maria mcdaris discusses the influence of the southern pacific railroad in creating california farming communities. she argues that goal was to create new markets in business for themselves while creating model communities that ascribe to their own view. -- worldview. the center for the american west hosted the event and prod

crow. we see this statistic that plane of bleak future. according to the census bureau 18.8% of african-americanslive in poverty in 2019 compared to 7.3% of non-hispanic whites who lived in poverty. the washington post reported last year that in 2016 the net worth of african-american households was $13024 which was less than 10%, less than 10% of $149,000 net worth of non-hispanic white household. limited access to wealth building resources and opportunities have led to this stark disparity. african-americans continue to face discrimination in the workplace, they also limited access to educational opportunities according to the national education association, the high school graduation rate for african americans was 67% compared to the nationwide average of 81%. they continue to face racial segregation of housing and discrimination in the available of healthcare services and other facts of life. covid-19 pandemic is only exaggerated the effect of this in structural racial disparities, workers on the front lines of low-paying jobs often not covered by unions in the south in collective bargaining,

americans. the founder and director of the jim crow museum, of racist memorabilia, argues that although the artifactssive, they can be used as teaching tools, to promote conversation and understanding. via zoom, we visit the museum at steak university, and big rapids michigan. to see a selection of their artifacts. watch friday, beginning at 8 pm eastern. and enjoy american history tv, every weekend on c-span 3. >> american history tv, on c-span 3. exploring the people, and events that tell the american story, every weekend. coming up this presidents'day, weekend. saturday, at 6 pm eastern, on the civil war. author edward acorn, talks about his book, every drop of blood. about abraham lincoln's second inaugural speech, considered one of the greatest speeches in american political history. sunday, at 2 pm eastern, on oral histories, virginia coleman taught describes her experiences, as a chemist, for the manhattan project, at oak ridge. to build the atomic bomb. and monday, at 7:30 pm eastern, on american artifacts, photographer and storyteller, john -- on the 42 giant bus of american president, creat

americans. the founder and director of the jim crow museum of racist memorabilia, argues that although the artifactsre offensive, they can be used as teaching tools to promote conversation, and understanding. via zoom, we visited the museum effort state university, and big rapids michigan. and see a selection of an out of their out effects. watch friday, beginning at 8 pm eastern, and enjoy american history tv, every weekend. on c-span three. >> american history tv, on c-span 3. exploring the people and events that tell the american story, every weekend. coming up this presidents day, weekend. saturday, at 6 pm eastern, on the civil war. author edward acorn, talks about his book, every drop of blood. about abraham lincoln's second inaugural speech, considered one of the greatest speeches, in american political history. sunday, at 2 pm eastern, on oral histories, virginia coleman describes her experiences, as a chemist for the manhattan project, at elk ridge. to build the atomic bomb. and, monday, at 7:30 pm eastern, on american artifacts, photographer and storyteller, john -- on the 42 giant bust of

americans. the founder and director of the jim crow museum of racist memorabilia, argues that although the artifactsonversation and understanding. via zoom, we visited the museum efforts that university and big rapids michigan. to see a selection of their artifacts. watch friday, beginning at 8 pm eastern, and enjoy american history tv every weekend, on c-span 3. american history tv, on c-span 3. exploring the people and events that tell the american story, every weekend, coming up this presidents day weekend, saturday at 6 pm eastern on the civil more, author edward acorn talks about his book, every drop of blood about abraham lincoln's second inaugural speech, considered one of the greatest speeches in american political history sunday, at 2 pm eastern on oral histories, virginia coleman describes her experiences as a chemist for the manhattan project, at oak ridge to build the atomic bomb and, monday, at 7:30 pm eastern on american artifacts, photographer and storyteller john -- on the 42 giant bust of american presidents, created by sculptor david attics. -- decaying on a private property in vir

americans. the founder and director of the jim crow museum of racist memorabilia argues that although the artifactsfensive, they can be used as teaching tools to promote conversation and understanding. resume, we visited the museum in fair state university and big rapids michigan, to see a selection of their artifacts watch friday, beginning at 8 pm eastern. and enjoy american history tv, every weekend on c-span 3. american history tv, on c-span 3. exploring the peopl% that people -- story,y weekend coming up this story,y presidents day weekend, saturday at 6 pm eastern on the civil war. author edward acorn talks about his book, every drop of blood, about abraham lincoln's second inaugural speech, considered one of the greatest speeches in american political history sunday, at 2 pm is stern, on our history, virginia coleman talks are experiences as a chemist for the manhattan project -- project at oak ridge, to build the atomic bomb. and monday, at 7:30 pm eastern, on american artifacts, photographer and storyteller, john, on the 42, giant bus of american presidents created by sculptor, david attic

americans. the founder and director of the jim crow museum of racist memorabilia argues although the arfacts areoffensive they can be used as teaching tools to promote conversation and understanding. via zoom we visited the museum in big rapids, michigan, to see a selection of their artifacts. watch tonight beginning at 8:00 eastern and watch american history tv on c-span 3. >> american history tv on c-span 3, exploring the people and events that tell the american story every weekend. coming up this president's day weekend, saturday at 6:00 p.m. eastern on the civil war, author edward acorn talks about his book "every drop of blood" about abraham lincoln's second inaugural speech considered one of the greatest speeches in american political history. sunday at 2:00 p.m. history on oral histories virginia coleman describes her experiences as a chemist for the manhattan project at oak ridge to build the atomic bomb. and monday at 7:30 p.m. eastern on american artifacts photographer and storyteller john on the 42 giant busts of american presidents created by a sc

americans. the founder and director of the jim crow museum of racist memorabilia argues that although the artifactsre offensive, they can be teaching tools to promote conversation and understanding. we visited the museum in big rapids, michigan, to see their artifacts. watch tonight at 8:00 eastern ended joint american history tv every weekend on c-span3. >> robin hood ceo -- robinhood's ceo testifies for the house financial services committee on the gamestop price increase and the decision to hold trading on its platform. thursday at 12:00 p.m. eastern, watch on c-span, listen on c-span.org or listen on the free c-span radio app. >> at the senate judiciary subcommittee on constitution, members discussed a president's clemency powers. >> before we go into our committee, i would like to express to the chair and numbers of the committee and the congress sadness at the passing of representative white. he served for short time but he was a gentleman and we will miss him.

crow, were reflected in those objects. which in turn, helped to shape the attitudes towards african americans.t took me 40 minutes, to answer your first question. but that is the answer. >> you can say that most people, are familiar with every day objects as propaganda, or do you think this is a new -- ? >> i think it's a great question, and i will say no. i think people don't. part of our challenge, is trying to show the relationship, between an ashtray, that caricature's african americans as dumb, or ugly or criminal. and a system, which in part was supported by ideas like that about black people. because there were people, scholars if you would, who refused to make the connection. they were like this has nothing to do with jim crow. and i'm like are you kidding me? how is this not? because here's the easy way to answer the question, if you walk through this door, or through this museum, and you see all the ways that african americans and the stereotypes that accompany the characters. so you have the manny, and all these nasty characters. and then the stereotype, dom, ugly, aggressive all th

americans. the founder and director of the jim crow museum of racist memorabilia argue although the artifacts arensive, they can be used as teaching tools to promote conversation and understanding. via zoom we visited the museum in big rapids, michigan, to see a selection of their artifacts. watch tonight beginning at 8:00 eastern and enjoy american history tv every weekend on cspan3. >>> american history tv on cspan3. exploring the people and events that tell the american story every weekend. coming up this president's day weekend, saturday at 6:00 p.m. eastern on the civil war author edward achorn talks about his book "every drop of blood" abraham lincoln second inaugural speech considered one of the greatest speeches in american history. sunday at 2:00 p.m. eastern virginia coleman describes her experiences as a chemist for the manhattan project at oak ridge to build the atomic bomb. and monday at 7:30 p.m. eastern on american artifacts, photographer and storyteller john ploshell on the bust of american presidents created by sculptor decaying on a private property in virginia. explore the amer