therapy work, but it's got to be proven to work, chris, and i think the notes from the american heart association, the cardiology association and then this heart rhythm association, they all, you know, were part of this letter that was sent, voicing their concern. a small study, all the studies are small, chris, because we're early days in regard to this stuff, so, we can't read into studies that show benefit and you can't really show too much of these studies that show the side effects, but they raise this concern that this particular medication could cause a heart rhythm abnormality. so, in people who don't have a heart rhythm abnormality, it might cause one. people that already have one, it might worsen one. we don't know how significant that is. i think the study was 80 people, and about 121, 11% of them, eight or nine of them, developed this problem. it wasn't necessarily a lethal problem, but it could be a potentially -- a significant problem for these patients. that's why you do the studies, chris. i don't think it has anything to do, frankly, with me being a doctor or not being a doctor.

the american heart association says that vitamin d. doesn't protect us from heart disease or cancer and the university of auckland new zealand says that vitamin d. doesn't increase our boate density or protects us from us to a promoter's so what do you think about vitamin d. well vitamin d. is an essential nutrient and we can we can build it ourselves and skin you know when we expose ourselves to sun so the part nutrition places mind a world except if you hold your house down for example and you don't get enough sun then you should think about low level supplements so what about pregnant women we got a question from mary sue mcdonald's she wants to know if she needs special vitamins during her pregnancy when nugent requirements are higher in pregnancy and most of those needs you can actually meet with your normal nutrition you need to optimize it maybe but some a new trend such as foley case or i don't mean you need to supplement case of an iron deficiency you should also supplement iron and what about children do they have special meat

. >>> we're back now with a warning today from the american heart association, people appear to be ignoring other serious health emergencies here is stephanie gosk. >> reporter: with packed emergency rooms all over the country battling covid-19, surprising new statistics since mid march, 911 calls for heart attacks are down 25% calls for strokes down 20%. >> we do believe that people are staying home not coming to the hospital with their suspected heart attack or stroke and are suffering the consequences. >> reporter: stacy simpson has been living with heart failure for a decade after a trip to the hospital last month. >> i am having heart issues and i'm now in n. >> reporter: she's worried about having to return. >> people like me with heart conditions, people that are stroke victims, this is really scary for all of us. >> reporter: she believes the hospital instead of helping her could put her in more danger. >> i don't want to die at home because i couldn't get treatment, but additionally, i don't want to go to the hospital that covid is in and i'm dying being exposed to it there. >> rep

set up in partnership with organizations such as the aarp, alzheimer's association and american heart association. >>> during the pandemic, many are stretched then. an oakland group called the oakland reach is helping hundreds of families so when the shut-down began, the group switched gears and they started raising money. about $150,000 so far. about 600 oakland families have asked for help, and this group has sent out checkers with more to come. >> this will help folks pay the utility bill. that is going to really alleviate some of the burden. >> it was a huge relief. aim actually squashing through my savings pretty fast. >> take care of the main bills, first. my cell phone bill. >> now, the oakland reach is asking for donations. the first $100,000 will be matched by one of its generous donors. >>> time is now 4:49. the nba season has as you know has been postponed but the players are still trying to give fans is something to cheer about. the nba is manning a players only tournament. the nba video games. some of the big-name players are expected to take part including former warrior. the games

the american cardiology association, american heart association, and others have come out and said please do not change the drugs you are currently taking for high blood pressure or heart disease because they may work on the same set of receptors and there are lots of studies going on to verify that those drugs are not somehow interacting with people getting this disease. so people are looking at that. but for now we do not recommend that people change the drug they're on for their heart conditions. host: deborah in ohio, good morning. caller: good morning. i am a retired scientist, and i just wanted to thank you so much for focusing on prevention because as a scientist i understand a little bit -- well, a lot about the immune system. for instance, the white blood cell in our lungs in terms of fighting disease, one of the things i am not hearing from the medical community -- i think you would be the perfect person to convey this -- is how important it is right now for us -- no one is going to agree with this -- not to drink alcohol because it suppresses the white blood cell and how we nee

this hot line was set up in partnership with organization such as aarp and the american heart association >>> traffic jams continues. you know that mike is probably bopping right now. traffic jams, every time i get a request for the grateful dead, i know that you are going to enjoy it. >> can you turn that up, sal? >> mike, is this loud enough for you. >> that's perfect. thank you, you appreciate that. >> okay. thank you for the request. you can always send me a request. anything that you want to hear as long as i can get to it, i will play it for you, if it is appropriate of course. use the hashtag ktvu fox 2 news on our social media platforms. >> today's weather has been beautiful so far. steve, it looks like it's going to be a nice day. >> now we see the sun rise from our home. usually we do not see it in the studio but we see it from here. the breeze has picked up. that wiped out a lot of that low cloud deck. we got the 30s this morning, 40s and 50s later. 83 is the record high. 42 is the recorded low. weekend rain, not a little bit but a significant system for early april. sunny and

start having full attendance at baseball games and soccer matches or the meeting of the american heart association0 people attending. that is not something that is on the table, but there is so much that we can do, and we can do pretty fast with continued speed back on how is the epidemic involving while we are doing this. we have more cases, fewer cases? how is our hospital capacity in different locations? are we at full capacity or having empty hospitals? as you realize you have to have some precautions taken at a national level and others that may need to be fine-tuned at a local level because different places in the country, much like different places around the world are hit to a different extent and they have different hospital bed capacity and different circumstances. mark: doctor, i want to thank you for all your research. you have contributed to the public's knowledge and i think no matter how we will get there. doctor john ioannidis, you are my friend. we'll be rightd. back. so try making it smaller, and you'll be surprised at how easily starting small can lead to something big. start st

it adds flavor to any dish and garlic is used for medicinal purposes according to the american heart association, it has anti-accidents and i bacterial properties that can improve immunity.>>> let's talk about today's difference from yesterday, exhibit a. lot more blue sky showing up but for many of us. it is always going to be unique when you take a look at the view over the golden gate bridge and you can see clear skies here because this is the front line. this is the view looking east. santa clara county, the view into theheart of downtown san jose. look what is going on right across the bay bridge. we see the clouds redevelop and even though there are clear spots now, over about the next three hours we will start filling in a lot of the clear spots. you will see clouds but not in all day cloud situation. by the time we get into the early afternoon you will get more blue skies and numbers are little bit colder now than yesterday. if you are out and about on saturday, sunday morning will be from 5 to 7 degrees cooler because of clear skies. it allows the temperatures to drop. daytime highs are

appropriate screening, without the appropriate cardiac screening that is recommended now by the american heart association the american college of cardiology. >> well, let me bring in dr. patel because the other issue here is whether we're creating a shortage, or the president was creating a shortage for people who need that drug, and this drug is needed by people who have lupus and other malaria and other issues. >> absolutely, andrea. in fact, i had to help some patients navigate who have lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and a number of other conditions what they can do in order to try to actually get their own regular valid prescription. and kind of to heidi's point, not only had there been a spike in outpatient and clinic-based p prescriptions, but every doctor admitting a covid-19 patient into the hospital was putting people on hydroxychloroquine. it's not because they were trying to commit malpractice. this really was something, again to your earlier point, andrea, the leader of the free country you would think is informed by the best scientists and public health officials and is telling you something ba

there are three cardiac organizations, american heart association, american cardiology association, and one that was specifically association that focuses on heart rhythm abnormalities. this has been a concern with this particular medication, that it could cause a heart rhythm abnormality, or worsen a heart rhythm problem in somebody who already has one. it's a small study. all these studies are small studies. just as difficult as it is to read into the benefits of these medications, it's difficult to read studies into the side effects. but in this one they found i think around 83, 84 patients that 11% of them developed this particular type of heart rhythm abnormality. wasn't necessarily something that caused significant problems or death, but it's an issue. so what they're recommending is that everyone be screened with ekgs before they try these medications, that they be monitored with ekgs, if you have an existing problem you not get this drug. that could be a significant percentage of people, anderson. but again, this is why you do studies. this is what you have to figure out so you

it was set up in partnerships and partnerships with organizations such as aarp, the american heart association and the all servers to alzheimer's association. >>> a memorial is being set up after a detective died from the coronavirus. she had served for 20 years. she had recently been assigned to the domestic violence assault team. the santa rosa city council meeting was canceled in her honor. in a statement they said quote that she was an department employees who previously tested positive for covid-19 in today's the come to complications from the illness. >>> an employee at a postal annex has tested positive for coronavirus. and the postal service as the worker is now being quarantined at home. the worker did not have contact with the public, but did handle the mail. while the cdc and the world health organization has said that there is currently no evidence that the coronavirus can spread through the mail. still, a spokesperson for the postal service says that they have stepped up cleaning and disinfecting at the annex and are providing sanitizer, gloves and masks for employees there. >>> t

set up as a partnership and organizations with the aarp, alzheimer's association and the american heart association. >>> many non-profits are being stretched thin. oakland reach has helped hundreds of families. when the shut down happened, they switched gears and started to raise money with $150,000 so far. overall, 600 oakland families have asked for help. >> there's going help pay the utility bill or get groceries that are going to last a couple of weeks. that's going to stop the burden while we wait to see how the stimulus funds are coming in. >> that was a huge relief. that was a big help. i am actually going through my savings pretty fast. >> taking care of the main bills first. part of it is going to my cell phone bill. >>> well, the nba season has been postponed but the players are trying to give the fans something to cheer for. now, they're planning a players only tournament using the nba2k video game. some big game players are expected to participate and warriors player kevin der rant. the games will be broadcast online and on espn. >>> it is official, nfl owner have signed off on a new ag

and the american heart association also noticed that people with underliving cardiovascular disease was also having poor health outcomes, particularly those with cardiac arrhythmias, irregular heart baelt heartbeats. we are researching to see if we can prevent people with card your vascular disease from having poor outcomes. >> we are not playing the race card, am i correct? the data shows the hot spots are in the black and brown communities. shouldn't we be rushing masks and tests and ventilators to those communities? is it playing the race card to say we should be focusing on these places where the numbers are so bad? >> i'm a physician. i treat everybody and i think we should go wherever we're needed. it happens to be our communities right now and we need to certainly be there. this is around social deter nants of health. we know these particular conditions happen for in our communities so we should be there. the social determinants we talked about, when i was surgeon general, we released a national strategy but the research shows us and we know certain things cause these health disp

what you see from the american heart association tweeted the bay area and, you know what, that is herok. marvel, the folks who know about superheroes, avengers, this is their lineup for 2020 and then on the other side of comic book land the folks at d.c. comics and they agree, the first time they're in agreement that not all heroes wear capes. note this tweet that came out from d.c. comics. i learned the secret identity of d.c. comics is actually at&t. back to you. >> thank you, mike. >>> let's play ball. next we'll talk about when the major league is hoping to bring back this year's baseball season. >> if we're going to hope to reopen america there has to be a lot more testing. let's go out to the big board. the dow industrials up despite news the ♪ >>> and we continue to celebrate bay area graduates going without a ceremony. in our great grads segment a congratulations to these 12 middle school students. you're moving on to a new chapter in your life. we want to see candids and you might see them here. find me or marcus both on facebook. look us up, post the pictures there and we'll

so the american heart association has put in $2.5 million for rapid research fund to start to address that, to see why and how if we can prevent people with underlying cardiovascular disease from having poor health outcomes. >> i'm so curious to know, this is not playing the race card, am i correct? this is a data card. the data shows hotspots are in communities of color. you've worked for government. shouldn't we be rush beiing mas and tests and ventilators to those communities? is it playing the race card to say that we should be focussing on the places where the numbers are so bad? >> i'm a physician. i think we should go wherever we're needed, it happens to be our communities right now, and we need to certainly be there. this is around social determi determinants of health. these conditions occur more frequently in our communities. so we should be there. we should be there prepared. the social determinants that we've talked about, we've had health disparities around when i was surgeon general. we released a national prevention strategy, which was trying to eliminate health dispari

the american heart association has issued warnings about it.he -- would people be endangering themselves by listening to the president and trying this treatment out? >> you know, i think hope is good. false hope is something that we can't really have. and we really need data and evidence and not anecdotes really driving these treatment decisions. i've talked to a lot of colleagues on the front line and many health care professionals are giving this drug, but they really don't know whether it is helping at all and that's why we need randomized control, clinical trials. we need to better understand who exactly could be helped with this drug and what phase of their illness, mild, moderate or severe, as well as for what purpose. there are so many clinical questions that we need to answer here. hope is fine. we just can't afford to give the american public false hope. >> yeah, absolutely. what needs to be normal is everything about the way this is being responded to by the federal government at the federal level. dr. pareck, thank you so much. reall

pollct, we conducted a through morning consult in partnership with the american heart association at the beginning of this project. what people in rural areas told us was very high on their list of concerns about access was their ability to access mental health or behavioral health care services. a bigger challenge in rural areas to get these services? as an extension to that, is it possible that some of this new telehealth ability is going to help in this area even beyond covid-19? >> it is an area military has been actively using, particularly with mental health services. thatnk it may be something or was notous obvious to me, that mental health services would be amenable to telehealth, but the military has reported quite successful use in this. one of the reasons there is a particular shortage in this area is that there is a shortage generally in terms of mental health services. basically, rural areas are competing with urban areas for a specialty that is in short supply. this is another place where at least one of the challenges reported has been a lower reimbursement given the a

and start replicating and that's helpful because we can use it as a target now and the american heart associationatients and if we are taking the types of medications don't stop. we are not sure it helps, we are actually studying them as potential treatment because it can compete because it can compete the receptor with the virus. these receptors alter in the lungs, in the heart and kidneys and it's possible that the virus is getting into the receptor and getting into all of the organs as well and recently found out that they're also in the lining to have nasal passages. it's all coming together, but, again, it's real-time learning, realtime research but very important receptor if you're on any of the high blood pressure medicines or medications to treat high blood pressure, stay on them and drug companies are -- are quickly researching this and hoping to use it as a tool. eric: finally, besides that what other advice do you have especially you're a cardiologist. how can we best protect ourselves and take care of ourselves? >> you heard from first responders. they are overwhelmed. they are stress

president of the american medical association is just one of many experts warning against donald trump's recommendation of the anti malaria drug hydroxychloroquine to treat covid-19. the american heartssociation is alringing the alarm about using the drug and the antibiotic in covid-19 patients with heart disease. the aha sent out a cautionary note warning of serious side effects including irregular heart beats but facts and trained experts be damned, at sunday's briefing president trump silenced anthony fauci when a reporter asked him about the medical advice. >> what do you think about hydroxychloroquine and -- >> can i answer that question? >> it's for the doctor. >> 15 times. you don't have to ask it. >> he's your medical expert, correct? snee he is answered that 15 times. >> joining me now is tim o-brien senior columnist for bloomberg opinion and white house bureau chief for the "washington post" and the author of "a very stable genius." we will not silence dr. fauci. let's play him on fox news and this is back on april 3rd. >> we don't operate on how you feel. we operate on what evidence is and data is. i think we've got to be careful that we don't make that majestic leap to a

americans should be given back their freedom. vapeing could be just as bad for your heart as cigarettes. american heart associationy both vaping and smoking cause similar damage to blood vessels. used ecigarettes just as stiff as those who smoke egreets which can cause heart disease to develop. this is absolutely beautiful. a fleet of drones lighting up the sky to thank healthcare workers and first responders on the front lines fighting covid-19. around 150 drones flying in formation to spell out thank you heroes rainbow and american flag. the incredible display in philadelphia verge arrow. for more inspiring stories like this head to our website foxnews.com/america together. i think that's so pretty. steve: that's cool. ainsley: that's great. thank you, jillian. coming up, illinois lawmakers are looking for a federal bailout to fix the state's broken finances. but one state senator says federal money should not prop up his state's failed system. we're going to talk to him about that coming up next. it's the 6:10 woke-up-like-this migraine medicine. the 3:40 mid-shift migraine medicine. introducing ubrelvy™. it's

heart disease. they would get it more severely and be at higher risk of dying. >> she's past president of the american public health association. >> i was really struck, doctor jones. we're both doctors. i was hearing the story, it sounded just all of a sudden tragically familiar. is this a familiar story? >> what we see is so familiar because the conditions of the life have changed significantly. what's happening is we are carrying the burden of the limited opportunities in our body. it shows up as diabetes, heart disease. and hypertension. in terms of immune compromise and all of that. >> we are hearing from some officials that blacks have been disproportionately hit by the out break. data shows in michigan where i grew up 14% of the population is black. they make up 41% of the coronavirus deaths. in illinois, 15% identify as african-american. but make up 42% of the death. louisiana population is 32% black. which accounts for about 70% of the coronavirus death. here's the problem according to dr. jones, as inadequate as testing has been for the country, the problem is even worse for african-americans. >> our whole national t

are likely to be an increased risk of these heart problems and death it's a big warning by the fda, the study by the journal of the american medical association did not show good results for either one of those drugs or the combination of those drugs with azithromycin we're going to watch and see what happens, but not good news at this point. morgan, back to you. >> seue herera, thank you for te latest more on the markets we'll turn our attention back and joined on the cnbc newsline by jpmorgan asset management phil and morgan stanley's chetan ahya. phil, i'll start with you. just taking a look at the market, the s&p specifically, the fact that we've been range bound not only today but in recent trading sessions after we saw it retrace 50% of its decline, where do you see it going from here and what do you see as the biggest potential catalyst is it still medical headlines like the ones we got a moment ago from sue herera or are there other pieces, other factors that are going to continue to drive the market action? >> yeah. morgan, good morning greetings from the great state of new jersey. so when we -- as asset allocators we made a very, ve

their diabetes and heart disease and the like, they would get it more severely and be at higher risk of dying. >> dr. kamara jones is past president of the american public health association>> i was really struck, dr. jones, we're both doctors. as i was hearing the story, it sounded just all of a sudden tragically familiar. is this a familiar story? >> what we see is so familiar because the conditions of our lives haven't changed. significantly. so what's happening is that we are carrying the burden of these limited opportunities in our bodies, and it shows up as diabetes, the heart disease, the hypertension, even in terms of immune compromised and all of that. >> already, we're hearing from some officials that blacks have been disproportionately hit by the outbreak. earlyidaty shows in michigan where i grew up, 14% of the population is black, though they make up 41% of coronavirus deaths. in illinois, 15% identify as african-american, but they make up 42% of deaths. louisiana's population is 32% black, which accounts for about 70% of coronavirus deaths. but here's the problem according to dr. jones. as inadequate as testing has been for the country, the problem is even w

feared i t decent heart sease and the like okay with it get it more severely and be at higher risk of dying doctor kamara jones is pastpresident of the american public health associationas really stckdoctor jones and we're both doctors and as i was hearing. >>the story. itsounded just all of a sudden tragically familiar. >>is this a familiar story. >>what we see the million ecause the conditionsof our lives have changed significantly and so what's happening is thawe. are carrying the rden of limited opportunity to not bodies itial sockets that impd the heart to see eventhe terms of you know and you can compromise that already we're hearing from so officials that blacks have been disproportionately hit by the outbreak. >>early data showsthat in michigan where i grew up. 14% of the population is black, though they make up 41% of coravirus debts in illinois. 15% identify as africanmerican but they make up 42% of debts. louiana's population is 32% blck, which accounts for about 70% have coronavirus debts. but hers the problem, according to doctor jones as inadequate as testing has been for the country. the problem even worse for african-americans. >>our whole national tes

american dream? it's either the new dream deal, associate madness, or its free-market capitalism is graded wealth of the entire world. appeasement or peace through strength. hannity.com. let not your hearte troubled. laura ingraham, how are you? >> laura: we were betting here in the studio that you were going on "dancing with the stars," so i'm glad the book is coming out. i'm glad -- i mean -- >> sean: do you like the cover? >> laura: i thought that maybe you were -- live free or die, that's a new hampshire license plate. >> sean: it is. >> laura: i love it. to be to the latin at the very bottom says "live free or america dies" and i will tell you, if there new greenville madness -- if there appeasement takes front and center, i don't know if we ever get the country that we knew back. >> laura: if we don't get this country back to work, the title of the book is not going to mean a lot, so we better get people going safely back to work and

american dream? it's either the new dream deal, associate madness, or its free-market capitalism is graded wealth of the entire world. appeasement or peace through strength. hannity.com. let not your heart be troubled. laura ingraham, how are you? >> laura: we were betting here in the studio that you were going on "dancing with the stars," so i'm glad the book is coming out. i'm glad -- i mean -- >> sean: do you like the cover? >> laura: i thought that maybe you were -- live free or die, that's a new hampshire license plate. >> sean: it is. >> laura: i love it. to be to the latin at the very bottom says "live free or america dies" and i will tell you, if there new greenville madness -- if there appeasement takes front and center, i don't know if we ever get the country that we knew back. >> laura: if we don't get this country back to work, the title of the book is not going to mean a lot, so we better get people going safely back to work and start innovating, my friend. >> sean: amen. better do it safely. we've learned. >> laura: i better get an early copy. i can't believe i was surprised by this, i thought you were my close friend and i didn't even know about this. congrats, i'm excite

heart and passion for patriotic philanthropy and invests in places involved with history, like the white house historical association, our sister institutions supporting history causes, great american monuments like the lincoln memorial in washington, he has helped save. he has been a giver of transformational gifts that allowed us through the center to have programming like this and undertake the research we do. we are grateful for him for that support. if you have the opportunity to watch him on his television show, i know you will enjoy that, as i have. he is recently an author of a book. the american historical conversations with master historians. you will all receive a copy of the book late tonight. our other presenter is the 14th secretary of the smithsonian institution and the first african-american and first historian to hold this important role in our country. [applause] you know him well as the founding director of the national museum of african american history and culture. he was the first person i called when the initiative came into the radar screen. he is the author of a a fools errand. a culture in the age of bush, obama, and trump. i really encourage you to read t

diabetes and heart disease and the like, if they would get it more severely and be at higher risk of dying. >> reporter: dr. jones is past president of the american public health associationwas really struck -- we're both doctors and i was hearing the story it sounded all of a sudden tragically familiar. is this a familiar story? >> what we see is so familiar because the conditions of our lives haven't changed. significantly. so what's happening is that we are carrying the burden of these limited opportunities in our bodies and it shows up as diabetes, heart disease, hypertension. even in terms of immune compromised. >> reporter: we are hearing that blacks have been disproportionately hit by the outbreak. in michigan, where i grew up, 14% of the population is black. though they make up 41% of coronavirus deaths. in illinois, 15% identify as african-american. but they make up 42% of deaths. louisiana's population is 32% black. which accounts for about 70% of coronavirus deaths. but here's the problem according to dr. jones. as inadequate as testing has been for the country, the problem is even worse for african-americans. >> our whole national testing strategy has started

diabetes and heart disease and the like, that they would get it more severely and be at higher risk of dying. >> reporter: dr. camara jones is past president of the american health association was struck, doctor. we are both doctors, and as i was hearing the story, it sounded just all of a sudden tragically familiar. is this a familiar story? >> what we see is so familiar because the conditions of our lives haven't changed significantly. and so, what's happening is that we are carrying the burden of these limited opportunities in our bodies, such as diabetes, heart disease, the hypertension, even in terms of, you know, immune compromised and all of that. >> reporter: already we are hearing from some officials that blacks have been disproportionately hit by the outbreak. early data shows that in michigan, where i grew up, 14% of the population is black, though they make up 41% of coronavirus deaths. in illinois, 15% identify as african-american, but they make up 42% of deaths. louisiana's population is 32% black, which accounts for about 70% of coronavirus deaths. but here's the problem, according to dr. jones -- as inadequate as testing has been for the country, the problem

higher chronic disease, heart disease and lung disease but also because of what we call associative term of health. the opportunity people have to be healthy. one in five african americans, one in six latinos happy about telework. arthel: surgeon general doctor jerome adams calling for priority coronavirus testing in communities of colors with a virus has taken a disproportionate toll, covid-19 has infected nearly every corner of the world, which means now might be the most important time for countries to come together and fight this faithless enemy. joining me now is president and ceo of the medical college. doctor james thank you so much for being here. we are going to jump right in. we are in a world war. is there enough global coordination in the battle against coronavirus? i know the prime minister, pedro is calling for a seamless solidarity to be this virus. you think there needs to be a global strategy? >> i think if we had a global strategy from the beginning from we would be able to control the buyers. they do not respect and given how they are, the global strategy would have been a great thing to have in place to combat the virus from the beginning. it's a glo

heart and a passion for pra patriotic philanthropy. and he invests in places that are involved in history like the white house historical association, our sister institutions that are supporting history causes, great american monuments like the lincoln memorial and the washington monument, he has helped save. he has been a giver of transformational gifts that allow us through the david m. rubenstein national center for white house history to have programming like this and undertake the research that we do. we're very, very grateful to him for that support. if you've had the opportunity to watch him on his television show, on the bloomberg network, peer-to-peer conversations with david rubenstein, i know you will enjoy that, as i have. he is the recent -- he's recently an author of a book, the american story, conversations with master historians. and through his generosity, you will all be receiving a copy of this book as you leave tonight. [ applause ] our other presenter tonight is dr. lonnie bunch, who is the 14th secretary of the smithsonian institution. he's the first african-american and the first historian to hold this very important role in our country. [ applause ] you know him well as the founding