ly not blanco, but still american. soldiers like green found themselves caught on the shoals between the two. green did differentiate himself and his own sense of nation from the mean-spirited parochialism. he made fun of those from the to her places, it looked like elt in this case slurs that are quite inaccept operable vmt. by way of contrast, he adopted an international intra. by consistent. jagss, as he unloaded cargo from shipments. he did all he could to abide by the establishments set by the american world. in the wake of the armistice, green experienced what black officer lieutenant william colson had observedly in french toun towns during the war. the strange anomaly that a black person had become with a more classy citizen. this anomaly evoked strong responses but not all soldiers responded in the same way. some, like general mckissick, managed to accept many. he understood that she and her fellow members of the 49 infantry and it wasn't working at all for him at home. less touched by french kindness than mov

americans tend to be myopic. drawing on my experience living in the netherlands, where everyone speaks several languages and can understand their perspective, and to some extent an american perspective and german perspective, but france was -- they didn't of course for their own reasons. the french and the english were bitter enemies. but they were, without france, the country -- they would not have happened. brian: doug brinkley, what would you suggest to reinforce americanism in today's youth? prof. brinkley: come visit mount vernon. [applause] prof. brinkley: going back to parents and pencils, we had a trailer, my mother and father were high school teachers, we would go around the country visiting historic sites. i have photos of myself as a young boy coming to mount vernon at george washington's grave. it inspired thinking of american history. i am a big believer in biography for young people. i love social history. i teach it for a living. but when you are young it is something to see you can work hard and b

week american artifacts exceed to museums and historic basis to learn about american history. visit the trail of tears gallery at the national museum of the american indian in washington dc , which looks at the national debate over the 1830 indian removal -- indian removal act and its impact on southern tribes. associate curator paul chaat us through the americans exhibit, which examines how indian imagery is prominent in children's toys and mascots. paul: it is built on a paradox, the riddle. the paradox is this -- in 2018 the united states is a country of 283 million people. and indians are perhaps 1% of that population. most americans live in urban areas and parts of the country where they never actually see american indians. yet american life in images, , surroundg, mascots .eople every single day the show is about exploring the strange contradiction of how prevalent american indians are , really fromife the earliest memories of americans throughout their life, and yet somehow it was never really noticed much, never seemed is important. the territorial team decided to call

you have these big irish-american group, a million irish-american in new york. half a million irish-americans in boston. so big communities and politically vital states who hate the british. and woodrow wilson, throughout, before, you know, in the years before intervention, he thinks the british are using the blockade, the blockade on the high seas, but also the blockade of information, and not letting any real information about what is really happening on the western front, or on any front out, to try to sort of tamp down the horror, but that leaves americans with no idea what the war is really like, so he thinks the british a minutianipulating whole situation so they can gather in german colonies and expand their empire and expand their global position after the war. so there is a great deal of rivalry right up to the war and during the war itself. and i think the british are alarmed. moment of, that that tonnage i'm talking about, is mainly the kind of ships needed to transport troops and supplies over to the western front. remember in 1917, 1918, we are almo

american camp. green tried to initiate conversations standing outside the armory. when the soldiers looked coldly back at him, he asked black men of america or black men of france? could the black men of france understand the black men of america created three different points. national origin, race, and gender. the soldiers stood as french colonial subjects that held them down. his framing may have come from ignorance of mechanics and it drew between the white citizens. one veteran explained to an interviewer to become citizens by virtue of their service. such distinctions would have mattered little. when one soldier finally responded back to him, they struck up conversation, one that green found inspiring and enjoyable but when green invited the soldiers to come visit him in the camp, the soldier said to put it in my words, no way. he said he despised white supremacy and they invited green to return to the armory where they could talk as men. as much as anything that green experienced, this conver

americans should resent the fact. it's one thing that the american people can say the president was just being the president. look, canadians are our number one ally in the world. >> next for the ambassador, deb in houston, texas, do you oppose this move by the president, good morning. >> caller: good morning. please ask your guest, i would like to know, we've been building up to this since trump took in this unilateralism where he tweets out whatever happens and it's chaotic. i'm concerned that this paves the way for him to privatize the war and bring in erik prince the way that the american people rejected that and take away any transparency that we have. this is just one aspect of the unilateralism that we're getting, all this from the maga to the make america and the wall and the isolation. it's like if you grow up playing battleship risk, it's little pieces and they're all -- you don't walk over and shove the board away and throw it in the closet. you have to build it up and take it down. i'm concerned the americ

americans relationship with native americans. and we do this through the prism of the national paradox. now paradox is what affects americans if they're familiar with it or not. the paradox is american indians constitute 1-2 percent of the us population. yet everywhere you look in american life you see imagery of american indians. this imagery is found not only in advertising, product design and corporate locals, it is also found on state and county seals, it is found in us military insignia. it is found on motels and storefront signage, on architectural elements of buildings and bridges, is found in people's tattoos. it's everywhere you look in american life. and whether one is native american or extends from people who came from people who came on the mayflower. or indeed a recent immigrant, one recognize this imagery as part and parcel of american life and so we wanted to begin our exhibit by exploring this phenomenon, which is once familiar but very striking. and here's what is key about it. it's a phenomenon that is unique t

discuss what it means to be american. after that, further debate in the house of commons on the future brexit. ♪ announcer: this week on "q&a," a discussion on what it means to be an american with historians. brian: russell shorto, what would you say it means to be an american? russell: that is a broad question. first of all, thank you for hosting this and for inviting me. i love what you have done with the place. it is an honor to be with this panel. doctors brinkley and medford. who has done more in the past 40 years or so to shine a light on what america is than brian lamb and c-span? [applause] russell: i am, at the risk of sounding cliche, tempted to say one nation under god indivisible with liberty and justice for all. the fascinating thing about the pledge of allegiance is it was created self-consciously at a time when the country was looking for a way -- an identity, a way to clarify its identity and impose that on children. it was created as -- to be recited in schools. the drafts of it and how it changed, i thin

protect the american people. the president rallied his base with falsehoods, fantasies where vulnerable women and children of gangrayed as hordes members and terrorists invading our country. , as all of usy republicans and democrats know, many people come to our country fleeing desperate situations from their home countries. they are looking for sanctuary. they are not coming to perpetuate violence, they are running from it. there is no crisis that requires us to build a 30-foot wall between us and our neighbors to the south. rhetoricdent's hateful about a crises at the southern border does not reflect reality. , the numberf 2017 of people attending to enter the country illegally dropped to historic lows. 2019, borderand apprehensions fell sharply from 1.6 million to approximately 400,000 in fiscal year 2018. that is a 75% drop. facts on thehe ground not warrant spending billions of taxpayer dollars on a big, beautiful wall, as the president likes to call it, it is not who we are as a nation. we are a country fou

american start to realize americans start to have greater territorial ambitions. nationwide violent attack across germany and the former austria. that is arguably the biggest in this 12 nazism year period. they talk about the paper walls that kept immigrants out. we were motivated and interested in a letter to eleanor roosevelt. your government has erected a wall of bureaucratic measures to keep measures out. can't you do something about this? this is kind of our take on this paper wall. you see ship tickets, passports, letters of sponsorship with refugee organizations, affidavits of americans guaranteeing their support or sponsorship for immigrants. all this paperwork that they had to line up in order to make it to the united states. we operated under this immigration system. there is no system for refugees. jews who want to make it in or anybody who wants to make it out of nazi germany needs to navigate the immigration system. it's also quite expensive. you see all these examples from trying totion navigate the app -- navigate the immigration system. as i said,

a lot pressure of the americans to amalgamate so instead of creating an american arm and sending out, they were sent over e over by battalion, they could be there more rapidly, under more senior and and inyears end leadership but won't be an american army and i'll give the united states less leverage after the war. wilson sees this and tells general pershing, no, do not amalgamate so we'll have an independent force, this grief an overview of the german attacks, they launch five spring attacks, the five spring offensives and you can see the effect of that on the map. it's a pretty hard pressed thing. the german attack up north entires the british fifth army. american forces get off the boats and are back stopping to to hold the front. the german attack, the leadership leaves, it's pretty close run. and after we have rock and ammann -- all these ledge generals the double digs and bella wood, all this to stop the last german attack. and stabilize the front. the five german attacks culminate and the first supreme allied commander is a prepare toman, general foch who was begin they'll powe

the only hope they had is the americans, but the american army is nowhere to be found. the u.s. does not declare war until april 1917. that is why france dispatches right after the u.s. declaration of war -- france dispatches its most famous soldier, seen here at grant's tomb. that guy looking rather uncomfortable was projected to be the commander of the american army, but because he was a republican, wilson was a democrat, they did not get along. he was sidelined for the entire war. when i started the research for this book, i started, oddly enough in french archives. one of the first documents i came across was top secret instructions from the french government to the commander when he went to the american army. this is what they said among other things -- english army at maximum strength and weakening. french army resources exhausted. in 1917, french will fight its last campaign due to power. russian reserves of 2 million men may never be called due to revolution. only u.s. intervention can compensate for russian defeat and maintain the military power of the coalition. the am

american indians. life,t, in american daily images, advertising, mascots, surround people every single day. the show is about exploring the strange contradiction of how prevalent american indians are in american life really from the earliest memories of americans throughout their life, and yet somehow it was never really noticed much, never seemed is important. the territorial team decided to call this phenomenon "indians everywhere." it's about normalizing what's actually a really weird phenomenon. we looked and we couldn't find any other country in which one ethnic group has been used for so many different purposes for such an extraordinarily long time into the present. you look at the vastness and uniqueness of it, and explore the reasons for why it exists. we have over 300 objects and images of representation for american indians before the country began up to the present. they cover every manner of advertising for every sort of product. we have a handful of major objects that will get a significan

by a fellow who was an armene yan, later an armenian-american. one of the consequences of world war i was that the ottoman empire, which had governed what we think of today as the middle east, near east asia, turkey and that region, the ottoman empire collapsed after having controlled that area for eight or nine centuries. in that transition transition, the armenian people suffered grievously. who was our president? well, it was woodrow wilson. in that time, he responded to that crisis by sending food aid to armenia. it's one of the first examples of international humanitarian relief. one can think of america's role in international humanitarian relief today and see this as really the precursor to that. the armenian people are very grateful. a group of armenian women touring the united states were here in 1917 just after we declared war, and presented this painting to president wilson. the artist's wife who is among the women, it depicts their niece who is wearing traditional armenian costume and holding the armenian national flower which symboli

many americans view a lot of what has been going on as the change in american politics. this is somewhere we have not been before. would you agree with that statement? based off of your knowledge would you say this is a fairly typical course for american politics? >> in terms of the fierce partisan divisions? >> yes, and the basis they haven't populism right now. >> on one level i have been expecting a realigning an election for the past decade. we can't to have -- >> i will ask you to define realigning elections. back inical scientists the 1950's and 1960's were trying to explain the system of american government. they came up with realigning elections. every 30 to 40 years there was a fierce contest for power. new political coalitions, sometimes new parties or rearranging the deck chairs and a party, took power, won elections and set the course of debate over the next 30 to 40 years. the new deal with franklin roosevelt being an architect -- archetype of ending republican dominance for something -- for 30 something years. i have been attacking that for a while. -- expe

many americans do a lot of what's been going on as exceptional change in american politics that this is something we haven't done before. would you agree with that statement, or based off of your knowledge of american history would you refute that and say this is actually a typical course for american politics? >> the divisions you mean? >> the polyp the base they have an populism, specially. >> i have been expecting a realigning. but we tend to have. >> you know i'm going to stop you for a few seconds and defined realigning the election because i'm just guessing. >> is a political scientist back in the 50s and 60s and trying to explain the america and this is when a government came up with realigning elections. every 30-40 years there is a very fierce contest for power. and new coalitions, sometimes with new parties and sometimes a ringing those arranging the deck chairs. trump won the election and thereby set the course of debate over the next years. ending 36 years of republican dominance with basically 30 years of democratic congress. the policy changes that came from that. so i

and white american troops but between other colonial troops of color and americans. throughout 1919, reports came troops the u.s. of white run-ins with foreign soldiers of andr in both england france. in sam mazir in the spring of 1919, green twice had to duck french mobs furious with americans. white instance, a american officer's quote profane and violent remarks about a woman eating lunch with a french man of color set off a angry patrons restaurant.the went after all white americans. safely, greentown had to flag down a darker skinned member of his company to from angry mobs intent on beating up white americans. every time a french person ran to them out of the dark, the younger soldier would shout, he no blanco, he may sergeant, or, we black men. so ironically without the young soldier by his side, green might well have died or at least been a white man. saved africane americans from the wrath of french mobs, it didn't forge ties to the senegalese army. green reassembled laborers in early dawn of the riot and marched them back to camp in formation. passed the se

thank you my fellow americans.is my great privilege to welcome you to citizenship in the democracy that is the usa. you number 31 and came from 26 countries alphabetically from china to venezuela. today you join more than 20 million current citizens born in other lands who chose as you have to make the united united s of america their home. we are a nation made strong by people like you. people who traveled long distances overcame great obstacles, and made tremendous sacrifices all to provide a better life for themselves and their families. my own father arrived in this land at age 13 with no fortune and speaking no english. my mother was born four months after her parents with several children in tow. came by ship to else island. my father, and my grandparents reached as you do for the american dream. as testament to our nation's promise the daughter and granddaughter of immigrants, sits on the highest court of the land. in america, land of opportunity, that prospect is within the realm of the achievable. what is

tends to all americans you know white americans asian americans the idea of you know if you're irish or korean or whatever there's a romanticized connection to where you're from and as african-americans even though our immigration story is vastly different there is a yearning to have the romanticize connection to to africa and that is i think when you get to africa and you now have the reality just i give the reality if you go to any country that remand the size notion needs to kind of fall away and you have to do the legwork you have to know a lot about the continent the place you're going and all that all that and then it so that you can fully immerse yourself in and i think he made a good point though for a younger generation when they go over there that's very very prone to have the romanticize ideas of what africa is and they're the culture shock and then you know the africans actually have to now you know get the americans to come to realize this is what the country is like this is what's happening and i think the sooner we can have a more realistic view of our struggle domesti

so in 2018, 2018, today, 64% of americans tell nbc polling that racism is a major problem in american life. 77% of african-americans tell pollsters they have a negative view of race relations. that's a sharp rise, by the way, sharp rise. in 2014, only 44%, that was previously the high, 44% said they had a negative view of race relations. we have gone from 44% in 2014 to 77% today. why are people so troubled by race relations at this moment? how did a country that made so much progress on race so recently fall so quickly into such a deep hole of racial division and regret? all of you sitting in this room at the sheen center, i think you know the answer. it's the rise of donald trump. he's the one who built his political career by trashing the first black president, barack obama. he even questioned whether obama was an american citizen. trump followed on the so-called birther movement by stating that his residential -- starting his presidential campaign, i should say, by calling mexicans criminals and racists. he's attacked an american judge born of mexican parents as being unable to de

given the central role that the united states plays in backing israel seems to me americans all americans have a right to question the to kill or israeli policies and in particular the prolonged occupation the fact that the palestinian people have been kept without a state and without any political rights for decades now in the end this comes down to a battle for the minds of american people a battle of the stories that told to make sense of this conflict a battle over perception the more americans are able to see the reality of occupation with their own eyes to see images of routine daily violence of the repression and the never make their way into mainstream news the more they'll question the image of israel as this tiny little david up against the bullying arabs and start to wonder if it's actually the outcome palestinians who might be the real davids here. and that starts becoming the dominant perception here in the u.s. opec's or off it all comes down to american public perception. i was seeing some rat tornadoes making their way across the central u.s. recently see this area cloud t

and also it signifies american this. it's for an american audience. and so i think it's just something subversive about the strange kind of unnatural light from the technology that's in your living room. it's early in the morning, it's late at night and i somehow feel there's something bizarre going on with american consciousness where this is somehow putting into people's heads in a way that maybe they don't fully understand, even today. off of this main hall are hundreds of images and representations, we have three galleries that look at these huge moments in american history. we will look at one now. 50 years after the american revolution, the united states passed the indian removal act of 1830. in the section of the exhibition, the trail of tears which is one of the results of the removal act. and what we are really looking at is how the act is in our view the most significant, it is more important than any single treaty or any other federal action and we look at, why we believe that to be true and we also look at this moment in american democracy

tends to all americans you know white americans asian americans the idea of you know if you're irish or korean or whatever there's a romanticized like connection to where you're from and as african-americans even though our immigration story is vastly different there is a yearning to have the romanticized connection to to africa and that is i think when you get to africa and you now have the reality just i guess the reality if you go to any country that remand the size notion needs to kind of fall away and you have to do the legwork you have to know a lot about the continent the place you're going and all the all that inanimate so that you can fully immerse yourself in and i think he made a good point though for the younger generation when the going over there that's very very prone to have the romanticized ideas of what africa is and they're the culture shock and then you know the africans actually have to now you know get the americans to come to realize this is what the country is like this is what's happening and i think the sooner we can have a more realistic view of our struggl

american history. in addition to his mt. vernon assay along the potomac river, george washington owned a townhouse in the heart of alexandria virginia the current owner of the property covered garcia talks about his family's connection to the washington's and the archaeology of two recently discovered wells. they also visit the archaeologically museum to see artifacts that have been uncovered. >> here in alexandria virginia, a beautiful town established in 1749. in a house born

over once again showed that americans remain firmly on israel's side. that. israel can saturate the media with spokespeople but there's still the problem of massive palestinian casualties showing up on television screens. here again the luntz document spells out which talking points have been most effective in spinning the brutal reality of palestinian casualties he says the first thing the pro israeli spokespeople should do is express empathy for the innocent victims unfortunately innocents do get hurt and we we really grieve that we're sad for every pseudonym casualty the entire situation is tragic then luntz tells p.r. spokespeople to turn the tables and ask the american people what would you do. so what would you do in the united states do you imagine. what america would do if it were facing a similar threat we always try to us kewl to question what we you'll do what would you do what would you do if more than three thousand rockets have been fought on your cities what would you do three thousand rockets what would you do if terrorists were tunneling unde

the american character and what it means to be american is being able to improvise. >> when you look at george washington and the dark days of december, 1777 at valley forge, the ability of george washington to improvise to be a guerrilla fighter. to be able to do what we need to do to get the job done. >> i think from the very beginning, not all of us were included in what an american is. andrity groups were not certain religious groups were not. women were not really considered citizens at least. that changes over time. over time, more and more people are brought into the american family. >> sunday night at 8:00 eastern on c-span's q&a. >> sunday night on the presidency, eleanor roosevelt biographer talks with paul stero, director of the roosevelt museum. ms. cook has ran a five volume biography on the former first lady. here is a preview. >> she really encouraged the civil rights movement. she encourage martin luther king. she encouraged the citizens -- sit-ins. the student nonviolent coordinating committee. i invited eleanor roosevelt to the roosevelt house when i was a student a

and then the americans came in, leapt to the floor creating an american gemini around an american built world order. this is not the way it occurred at all.britain was the original definition of a superpower when the term was coined in 1944. meaning, a great power but great mobility of power, meaning that it existed everywhere. and when world war ii ended, the expectation was that the americans would come home fast, of course we were the strongest nation with an atomic monopoly, and industrial heft, but we were not globally deployed. we had pledged, as a matter of fact, to bring our 3 million troops in europe home within two years. the british expected at the end of the world war ii vet the world to follow would be a british dominated world. why was that? because russia, the soviet union, soviet russia, was economically devastated and wasted. and because the americans were seen as so insular, unless we understand what truly occurred in the dozen years after world war ii, it's really hard to understand causes, sources, and foundations, of current events today. such as the depths of u.s.

if you don't mind a departure for a second about american history. it was an american term. populism was invented here in the early 90's to describe a left-wing third-party, called the people's party, some journalists in kansas in the 1890's said the people's party, so what is the adjective? democratic party? republican party? socialist party? you can't call it the peoplist party. so if you are educated and you took latin i guess we are the , populist party. populus in latin is "the people." it's an american word. and it's now become international. one of our most popular exports. [laughter] prof. rymph: so let me ask a historical question since you brought up the historical term. if we are living in a populist moment that may have been especially revealed by the 2016 election, to what extent or in what ways do you think political historians are going to need to be or will be rethinking the way we understand the political history of the last 30 or 40 years in retrospect thinking back on 2016? it is not so distant a future. prof. rymph: i'm asking how future historians will t

americans should resent the fact. it is one thing the american people could say the president is just being the president. look. the canadians are our number one trading ally in the world, and he is insulting the role they play in our security and trade relations. host: next, deb in houston, texas. you oppose this move by the president. good morning. caller: yes, good morning. could you please ask your guest, i would like to know, we've been building up to this since trump took in this unilateralism where he tweets out whatever and it is chaotic. i'm concerned that this paves the way for him to privatize the war and bring in eric prince the way the american people rejected, and take away any transparency we have. this is just one aspect of the unilateralism that we are getting, from the maga and the wall and isolation. it is like if you grew up playing battleship or risk, it is little pieces and you don't just walk over and shove the board away and throw it in the closet. you have to build it up and take it down. i'm

buckley but also what he did in american politics. he transformed american politics.e built the rainbow coalition. he encouraged millions of americans to register and vote. and if you go from jackson '84 to jackson '88 and then 2008, the election of our first african-american president -- actually barack obama is biracial -- but jesse jackson opened so many doors because he gave people a seat at the table. >> and what was the phrase? the phrase is, "you open the door and leave it open." >> that's right. when you swing that door open, you leave it open, and that is something that i believe we all now have the challenge of ensuring that that door never closes. we cannot close it to women, to people of color, to people who are openly gay. it doesn't matter anymore. we are america, and america is an idea, and that idea is about giving every citizen the right to control his or her own life. >> one of the other legacies of jesse jackson's 1984 campaign and 1988 campaign, you mentioned changes on the rules committee. >> yes. >> and that if changes on the rules committee hadn

they've got this big irish- american groups, irish americans in new york, half of american irish are boston, big political groups who hate the british. and woodrow wilson, threw out, in the years before intervention, he thinks the british are using the blockade, the blockade on the high seas but also the blockade of information and not letting any real information about what is really happening on the western front or any front out. to try to sort of tamp down and that leaves the americans with no idea what the war is really like. so he thinks that the british are manipulating this whole situation so that they can gather in german colonies, they can expand their empire, they can expand their global position after the war. so there's a great deal of rivalry up until after the war. and you know i think the british are, most of that tonnage i'm talking about is mainly the kind of ships to transport troops and supplies over the western front. remember 1917 and 18 we are almost entirely reliant on the british. the us merchant marines in 1917 is the same size as it had been in 1812. and so

martyr for american liberty. boston's abolitionist sentiments were sharpened after the passage of the beefed-up fugitive slave act which empowered federal agents to recapture slaves who had escaped to free states and required local officials to cooperate in those efforts. the reality of this new law came home to bostonians in several cases of recapture in the 1850s. none more sensational or rightly opposed -- or widely opposed in 1754. he was escorted from the courthouse to the harbor where he was carried back to slavery in virginia. this was the immediate context for this print issued in 1856. four years before the election of abraham lincoln who started the civil war, a context that made christmas attics a particular hero. this beautiful image is owned by the massachusetts historical society. based on a drawing by the boston illustrator, the buildings in the background scene are familiar from the print and in every other way the parts from the early images fundamentally, champions by the print in a different er

of american naval ships.how did britain look at that, because before the war, they were terribly afraid of the suren navy, and i'm not whether they were liberty ships or what type of ships they were, did britain start feeling a bigger threat at all in the bigger picture as this was coming to a close? lora: i will actually interrupt and thank you because that is the best segue we could possibly have for our next speaker as well so dr. wawro, back to you. there was great tension between britain and america, you know, from 1914 on. i talk about in the early chapters of the book britain is the closest thing america has to a hereditary enemy. britain had, we thought obviously the american resolution. britain backs the confederacy during the american civil war. and we really had a feeling -- and then during world war i, when the u.s. is a neutral power, the british blockade acts against all u.s. trained, netherlands, stopping, turning them back, seizing the mail bags, that sort of thing. the american opinion is aff

americans -- although americans -- we have to understand that although americans were highly isolationist, they were also highly sympathetic to what was happening particularly to the british as the reports began to come back thanks to edward morrow and shire in berlin. as their reports were coming back about the bombing of london and the horrors the nazis were visiting on people, there was always a danger that if they were discovered supporting any specific organization, that organization would then get in trouble. on the other hand there were congressman. there is plenty of evidence for this. congressman who had german embassy personnel coming to congress writing out their speeches for them. that aspect is quite clear. of theabout confessions spy, that movie? >> there was evidence of certain activities but they had to be careful. they did not want to be discovered. >> i have read any number of times, as i'm sure everybody has about how fdr with the best of intentions to aid the brits and russians and others violated the law, violated the neutrality act with lend lease and other actions.

what is the status of americans? and one of the steno pads has the number of americans as time went on and we discovered more. but this is typical of the kind of data you will find among people in a crisis task force. what is also quite typical after a tragedy is the diplomatic community at large, is that embassies will open up condolence letters to encourage members of the public to write letters of support, messages of hope. and these are some of the condolence books from our embassies around the world. at the time of the bombing, we had two members of our marine detachment, one killed, one injured. the rest came out to provide perimeter security. the british had a training group who came to help overnight, because the plane on which our rescuers were coming had malfunctioned. the canadian ambassador open up their premises to the fbi. and i had british colleagues immediately providing an mr sat radio, a satellite radio it was the only way we had to communicate. all this to say that people around the world, our comm

memphis is 65% african-american.was the heart of the confederacy and any city int as america. herelave trade was active in part because of the proximity bit -- proximity to the mississippi river and cotton was driven mostly i slave labor. -- by slave labor. in thew was terrible early 1900s. one of the good things is memphis was one of the first cities to allow african-americans to vote. they could vote in the 1900s. we were not a city of good abode or brotherly love. it was a racist culture. we struggled with that and still struggle with that. in the 1950's and 1960's, the civil rights movement took off here. the leadership here was very strong and integrated the city facilities. we are much more integrated as a city than we were. we have a long way to go. an example.you fred davis was one of the first african-americans on the city council. he told me 25 years ago that if you had -- if you add up all the business transacted in the city, talking about grocery store, all of thisance, transacted in the city, 1% is trans

tends to all americans you know white americans asian americans the idea of you know if you're irish or korean or whatever there's a romanticized connection to where you're from and as african-americans even though our immigration story is vastly different there is a yearning to have the romanticize connection to to africa and that is i think when you get to africa and you now have the reality just i give the reality if you go to any country that remand the size notion needs to kind of fall away and you have to do the legwork you have to know a lot about the continent the place you're going and all that all that in amman so that you can fully immerse yourself in and i think he made a good point there for a younger generation when they go over there that's very very prone to have the romanticize ideas of what africa is and they're the culture shock and then you know the africans actually have to now you know get the americans to come to realize this is what the country is like this is what's happening and i think the sooner we can have a more realistic view of our struggle domesticall

while the opioid at the demick has ravaged the whole country native americans and american indians have been targeted throughout history for extermination by any means necessary and it's see. and many applicants that means came at the end of a prescription pad. it's chemical work for people been surviving it's of fourteen ninety one the drugs are not the answer as never been the solution they are part of the pharmaceutical companies but bargemen to keep people asleep to keep peoples the keep using the words conspiracy theory because nothing is a conspiracy is a conspiracy theory when your truth my truth his truth is truth everybody's truth is truth we all are experiencing a different way some people experience in this way some people experience it this way but when they all have similar aspects and they all come together then obviously it's happening just because certain people don't want to accept that this is reality and do something about it doesn't mean it's not but the power that people give away every day by consenting to the process that gets it is fraudulent that is oppressive t

in may of next year at the american spirit award, gerhard weinberg will be awarded the museum's american spirit medallion. [applause] the american spirit medallion has been bestowed upon individuals who demonstrate extraordinary dedication to the principles that strengthen america's freedom and democracy. american spirit medallion recipients a simple by the highest standards of integrity, discipline, initiative, while making unselfish contributions to their community, the state, and our country. gerhard will join the ranks of our past recipients, and as you pete this morning, the late george h.w. bush. congratulations on this much deserved honor. [applause] watson: when we came up with the idea for this closing panel, it was an easy task to select someone who would interview gerhard. dr. nick mueller is not only the president and ceo emeritus, but as you heard this morning, the cofounder and inspiration and vision behind the development of .his museum i have been incredibly fortunate for the last 16 and a half years to have nick as my mentor. i have had the opportunity to do things i nev

i'm not sure there's much of an opportunity for americans.i would point out in nafta one of the disappointment in, the new nafta, usmca, one of the disappointments was about the u.s. insisted on basically reducing the government procurement obligations. so while we know will be buying our government will be buying lesson canada and mexico, their governments will be buying less from us. so this particular project i think the americans had a better shot at it before they left less shot at it after usmca is adopted trip to one of the thing related to that i heard on capitol hill was theirs and changes in what's called investor state dispute settlements which is a system that allows investors to active in one country to challenge the government of another country if thee contractors violate or the the rights are abridged. the exact details of the, is a scaled back, there are controversial. the administration and ambassador lighthizer were against it buton it was scaled back from mexico and a limited for canada it's possible american investors --

president's ego than would to protect the american people. but i believe it's a natural result of the president's years long vilification of immigrants, years during which the president rallied his base with falsehoods, fantasies where vulnerable women and children, women and children are betrayed -- portrayed as hoards of gang members and terrorists invading our country. the sad reality is all of us republicans and democrats know many of these people coming into our country are fleeing desperate situations in their home countries and they're looking for sanctuary. they aren't coming here to per -- perpetuate violence. they're running from it. let me be clear. there's no crisis that requires us to build a 30-foot wall between us and our neighbors to the south. the president's hateful rhetoric about a crisis on our southern border does not reflect reality. at the end of 2017, a recipe for attempting to enter dropped to lows. from 1.6 million in fiscal year 2000 to approximately 400,000 in fiscal year 2018, that's a 75% drop. not only do the fa

couldn't we just covered the american -- the dead american indian? setting the framework of the genocide, the answer is no. those committing genocide systematically enforce eight stages that lead to annihilation it perpetuates stage two symbolization and stage eight denial of the genocide of american indian peoples. put your minds together with me on this. symbolization. uncivilized, savages, native americans are portrayed shirtless and half naked. he painted scalps on american indians but none on american indians and colonial soldiers. scalping was committed by europeans long before they landed in the land. indians are sampled or symbolized a savages well washington attempts to annihilate indigenous -- indigenous people is denied and forgotten. a depicts american -- native americans as slaves and killers to attack while whites stand with arms up in surrender. it omits our true historic identity. can you put your minds together with me on this? it all needs to be replaced. accept may be the rainbow and sunshine above one doorway. thank you. [applause

you are not really american. but he went on to point out this was not, and i would add is not, and undifferentiated phenomena. there are different kinds. you can think of it as being like spaghetti. there are different strands of nativism. they get tangled up together. one of the things that is interesting to do is to try to disentangle the strands. i am going to do that quickly and with the help of political cartoons. the four big ones during this nativism.religious political, racial, and economic. let's look at religious first. mast cartoon.as one of the most famous cartoons in american history. it appeared in harper's weekly, a popular periodical. catholic church followers as crocodiles emerging from the banks of the hudson river to attack the school teachers and school children of new york city. , this religious hierarchy they bring with them, they are a threat to the public institutions of the u.s. a threat to american democracy. here is a detail from the political cartoon. that is the schoolteacher. he is s

the american work, the american family. the president did this job and pushed back.ar all of us and he made dleert country that he is not going to take a bad deal from the democrats. anything under $2 billion or $1.6 billion is a non-starter. we'll have real border security or we'll have a long shutdown. judge jeanine: the senate has gone home. should they have gone home? i want to congratulate the house for doing what you did in getting this passed. to all of you. i know you are the movers and shakers. should the senate have gone home? >> one week ago nancy pelosi sat in the oval office and told the president of the united states there weren't the votes in the house. three days ago the united states senate sent a bill to the house with no funding for the border security wall. we passed a bill 217-185. strong win for the president and strong win for the country. all i know is the momentum is on our side because the american people want a secure border. they want what the president campaigned on which is a border security wall to deal with the campaign issues and all

president, you should know this, 60% of african-american and hispanic americans cash out of their 401-k accounts. when this program, the policy that secretary costa initiated, along with my company, is implemented along with the big financial record keepers, the fidelities, the van guards, this program will put close to $800 billion back in the retirement pockets of minority americans. so i just want to applaud you for that. [applause] now, getting to the most important thing. most of all, most of you probably know that i started b.e.t. on a half a million dollar loan from a guy named john malone. malone ,000 that john put into b.e.t. allowed me, along with a lot of other minority employees and others, to build a $4 billion business. what this proves is the efficacy, mr. speaker, -- mr. president, of a program that allows capital to flow to places where people are seeking opportunity. and i am convinced that this program, where the tax incentives flowing out of the treasury department to business people, will cause people to invest money where before they saw risk, now they will see o

american things, american stuff. $600 billion of it a year.he chinese ambassador to the united states telling reuters, quote, in the last century we had two world wars. in between them, the great depression. i don't think anybody should have a repetition of history. that is pretty cute and desperate whining from a country hiding behind the world trade organization, special market status developing nation, emerging nation, giving them preferential treatment as they steal hundreds of billions of dollars a year in american intellectual property. the prospect is that there will be a high-stakes meeting between president xi xinping and president trump, and ge -- g20 meeting in argentina. >>> general motors putting profit, say it isn't so, putting profit over livelihoods of its workers? i will share my thoughts with you on all of that and more when we continue. stay with us. lou: now on general motors surprise announcement today. a moment of incendiary corporate clumsiness and callousness and mall adroit analysis and strategy reveals far more about