in june of 1895, calvin graduated from amherst. in summary, calvin's upbringing and small america grounded him with many fundament values, which would serve as an excellent foundation for the rest of his life. the importance of ethics strong character self-sufficiency. pairing for others, having trust in others and community service were among some of these values. calvin reflected on his youth in his autobiography country, life not always have breadth, but it does have depth. it is neither artificial nor superficial but is kept close to the realities. i can think of many pleasures. we did not have in many nicest niceties of culture which we were unfamiliar with. yet if i had the power to order my life anew, i would not dare to change that period it if it did not afford me the best that there was and abundantly provided the best that there was for me. thank you. thanks. chris will now hear from adler, professor and chair of the classics department at the university of maryland. eric, thank you very much. in a speech delivered in 19

the products not only of his no nonsense vermont upbringing studies at amherst and training in the law. they were also a result of his on the job experience as mayor of northampton. president of the massachusetts senate. and massachusetts lieutenant governor. and governor. during coolidge's coming of age as a practicing politician. american politics, including his own republican party, were seized by a new impulse that called itself progressivism. the progressive movement championed many great causes and achieved some of them, including women's suffrage and a host of private, voluntary welfare initiatives. and institutions that included grace goodhue, coolidge's lifelong project of the education of the deaf. but when it came to government progressive ism sought to cast aside traditional constitutional principles of separation of powers and limited government and to replace them with activist, headstrong and supposedly scientific government that would reform society from top to bottom and remake human nature itself. progressive vision was a clever brand name. it appealed to americans in

and he graduated honors from amherst college and became country lawyer in massachusetts. he practiced commercial law because didn't want to spend all of his time in a classroom or in a courtroom. but he also gained a reputation as being someone who always showed up the hard jobs. when he got in politics, he worked hard at that, too, and was elected to the city committee in north hampton. then he was elected city solicitor. you know, all of these items on his resumÉ. but you also know that when he lost that role, he was appointed to the clerk of courts. by 1909, at the age of 36. he was the mayor of north hampton. and for a man who was born on the 4th of july, it's fitting that he his next 20 years in public service over that period of 20 years, he would reelected mayor. state senator. president of the senate. the lieutenant governor of massachusetts. then vice of the united states. took over the presidency after the death president harding. and then was elected president on his own merit. i'm not here today just to you. a step by step of president coolidge's political bio

and i was on one of my first research trips to the university of massachusetts amherst, where w.e.b. dubois is papers are housed, and i've been very responsible in advance and gone through the finding, and i saw reference to. dubois world war one materials. and i no idea what it was. it sounded intriguing i'm going to be at umass. i might as well look for so i go to the library, the appropriately named w.e.b. dubois library. i go to the special collections department and ask the librarian i would like to see these dubois one on one materials. i think it might be a folder, maybe a box, if i'm lucky. i sit down, wait at the table. the librarian returns with six microfilm reels. wow. so now i'm really. what could this possibly. so some of you may remember what a microfilm machine like you had a roll load the film and crank the so i put the first reel in and there is a manuscript by w e.b. dubois on the black in world war one that i knew nothing about the manuscript. i would continue to learn more about 800 pages long. in addition to the actual manuscript, all of dubois's research materi

hari: he joins a small group, including johns hopkins and amherst, which ended legacy admissions beforert overturned affirmative action. if you weeks after the supreme court's decision, roth took the idea to the board. >> their first reaction was not enthusiastic. and i wondered, should i continue as president? and if i don't believe in the policies, when you see something that is unfair, you ought to correct it. the next day, they called me and said, we see her point, we should do this. hari: what about the argument that alumni and legacies and generational affiliation with the university helps create community? a benefit of our time that says, this is what the alumni network gets me. his access to people who succeeded from this place. >> one of the reasons people choose to go to a highly selective school is because of the network it makes available to you. all the more reason not to let families ordered the wealth. you benefit from the system, you want your children to benefit. it is a natural thing for a mother and father to want. it is not necessary that an institution, especially a

hari: wesleyan joins a small group, including johns hopkins, and amherst, which both ended legacy admissions before the court overturned affirmative action. a few weeks after the supreme court's decision, roth took the idea to the board. michael roth: their first reaction wasn't enthusiastic, but i wondered, okay, should i, could i continue as president actually, if i don't believe in the policies?but when you see -- policies? but when you see something that's unfair, you should correct it. the next day they called me and said, we see the point. we should do this. hari: what about the argument that alumni and legacies and generational affiliation with the university helps create community, a benefit over time that says, you know what, this is what the alumni network gets me, is access to people who have succeeded from wesleyan. michael roth: yeah, one of the reasons people choose to go to a highly selective school is because of the network it makes available to you. all the more reason not to let families hoard the wealth. you benefit from the system. you want your children to benefit from t

a study from the university of massachusetts amherst estimated that the energy for developing one advanced a.i. algorithm out of millions of potential molds of algorithms would admit as much co-2 as five cars over the algorithms lifetime. that could be millions of algorithms that are out there. so these data centers are using scarce water supplies across our country for cooling these chips. and while a.i. proponents argue that a.i. will solve most of our pressing problems, the energy required to pow they are technology is contributing to the biggest problem of them all. climate change. so can you talk about how you're integrating your thinking at commerce on these issues as one solution to a set of problems could exacerbate a larger set of problems? sec. raimondo: it's such an excellent question. if you think about a.i. and the compute power required for training these large models, it's much greater than any of us thought. one area of innovation in chips is making chips that consume less energy. so i -- the research and development money we will spend, the nftc, i suspect much of it will

the first index came in 1896, the year after graduated from amherst college and a stock crash and 20 or later and 29 wouldn't have been totally out of the ordinary in that time from 1896 until 1920, there had been at least pretty severe crashes what they used to call panics of the stock market, 10%, you know, losing say value of 10% or more per year. this was before 20. but the economy had always recovered. and that was certainly was the as dr. cochrane explained. well with the 1920 crash painful severe and brief now let's move on to the 1929 crash of the stock market, which course then later had the great depression. in 1929, the dow dropped from 81 on september 3rd, 1929, to below 300, and then even further. one thing people don't, i think most almost no one knows or appreciates is it dropped. then it came back before dropping further. several months later, hoover was a republican like, but hoover led congress and different policies than those applied in the early 1920s. in all the three areas i discussed the hoover administration followed basically nearly the exact opposite. what?

a study from the university of massachusetts amherst estimated that the energy for developing one advanced.i. algorithm out of millions of potential molds of algorithms would admit as much co-2 as five cars over the algorithms lifetime. that could be millions of algorithms that are out there. so these data centers are using scarce water supplies across our country for cooling these chips. and while a.i. proponents argue that a.i. will solve most of our pressing problems, the energy required to pow they are technology is contributing to the biggest problem of them all. climate change. so can you talk about how you're integrating your thinking at commerce on these issues as one solution to a set of problems could exacerbate a larger set of problems? sec. raimondo: it's such an excellent question. if you think about a.i. and the compute power required for training these large models, it's much greater than any of us thought. one area of innovation in chips is making chips that consume less energy. so i -- the research and development money we will spend, the nftc, i suspect much of it will go