in particular, there are regions called the hippocampus and amygdala which are involved in mood elevationhese undergo a lot of change. so if you are in the head, maybe not to the concussion, there is a risk you'll get long-term problems. it's interesting they did a study, even if you didn't get a concussion, the average football player has 250 head impacts per season. >> and they have to add up. >> they have to add up you would think. we don't have the data but common sense probably. >> football is not only contact foot. you are doing headers in soccer. what about other sports? >> i don't know. i don't think the focus is out. the primary focus is on football because of all this traumatic enself lopy stuff that are having problems and suicide. these other sports with involved but don't require as much head involvement. so we know with soccer our kids play soccer, they are not allowed to do headers until the age of 11. so sports can make accommodations. talk they might same thing with football where don't do tackling until later age. >> thank you. important issue. >>> talking about soccer,

and no surprise the main part of the brain that they talk to in the human brain is the amygdala becauseonce he decides this thing is disgusting you are a couple of steps away from it being scary and menacing. it's something you need to act against. in lots of ways it's very cool that it does this. supporters you see some that can take enormous self sacrifice. and if moral outrage outrage. it would be hard to pick up a have of steam. to really be able to act against it. that is where the force comes to. to make it imperative. but then there is a downside. because the cortex is not very good at remembering it's only a metaphor that you were feeling discussed in. and suddenly you have that whole problem of the world of people. it is a pretty good litmus test for deciding between right and wrong. we sure know all of the ways in which that can get you into trouble. and probably most of all but for the insular cortex performs. them living in the next valley. that who think differently than you. if you can get your followers into the point. it activates because there is something just discussi

the amygdala, the emotional center, the fight or flight, these substances are hijacking the brain andventing people from really controlling their behavior. charlie: i don't know how long ago it was when i first met you. what are we learning today? have an enormous amount with respect to have drugs actually hijack. they hijack circuits that are there from evolution for us to survive as a issues and individuals. they take them -- they take them over and trigger adaptations, new pathways that favor the motivation to take the drug at the expense of everything else. the changes by these drugs are very long-lasting. when you stop taking the drugs and say i don't have a problem .t all, that is not correct and it is a chronic disease of the brain. what the evidence shows is continued care for addiction, just like you have for hypertension or diabetes. at will not be able to here -- to curate but we can treat it and patients can live normal lives. charlie: you're gone through this and know it firsthand. peter: it is where i been to the table. i am sober a 27 years. when i was going through my

the amygdala, the emotional center, the fight or flight, these substances are hijacking the brain andventing people from really controlling their behavior. charlie: i don't know how long ago it was when i first met you. what are we learning today? we have learned an enormous amount with respect to have drugs actually hijack. that term is very apropos, hij ack.have learned an they are there from evolution for us to survive as individuals. take them over and trigger adaptations, new pathways that drug,the search of the the motivation to take the drug at the expense of everything else. we haveack. learned among other things that these changes produced by drugs are very long-lasting. when you stop taking the drugs and say i don't have a problem at all, that is not correct. the changes are still there. that is why when we are discussing addiction of the brain as a disease, we discussed it as a chronic disease of the brain. with the evidence shows is effective is a continued care for addiction, just like you have for hypertension or diabetes. you are not going to be able to cure it, but we

fela tacked, sools he starts to feel a threat, then he moves from the prefrontal cortex into the amygdala. he's emotional. what happens in that state you're ability to thinkologicel shuts down. so he's no longer thinking. he's just spopding as if he were under -- literally his life were under attack. >> which does sort of back up what corker has been saying, that it's these other people around him, that corker has confidence in, you know, in mattis and kelly and mcmaster and sort of, i mean, for lack of a better term adults. >> what was remarkable about corker was not that someone was saying this. because we have heard people saying this in washington for months now. what was amazing was that you had a sitting senator, prominent member of the president's own party saying this out loud, saying it on the record. and he just sort of laid bare everything that you hear privately for a very long time from members of congressional leadership on both sides. it is true that there is a sense of in washington people sort of protecting the republic from the president. i think some of the president's