he was at andersonville. this is another person from andersonville, another soldier, this is actually the same guy being examined in a number of different ways. i will shut these off because i don't think we really want to be staring at them. but i think it is important to understand that when we think about the trial of henry wirz, we start with these images because what americans saw at the end of the war as the prisoners came back from the south, where horrors that seemed unbelievable. andersonville was the worst of the prison camps. approximately 45,000 u.s. soldiers were held at andersonville, approximately 45,000 of them -- died while they were held at andersonville. henry wirz was arrested and tried. while he was held in jail, one of his complaints was that his wife was not allowed to visit him as often as he wanted. this was a man who clearly had a sense of entitlement that seems completely disconnected to what he was on trial for, and the way that he treated prisoners in andersonville. tuesday night,

so, i think yes, people at least within the vicinity of andersonville have to know what is going on. the stench alone must have been enormous. that is the other thing. it is hard to imagine how you could get anywhere near andersonville without being fully aware that there is a horror show there. one more hand here. >> [indiscernible] >> could you wait for the -- >> anyone interested in history -- about the holocaust, there is the scene in poland. the camp was in the distance. the gas chambers. they interviewed all of these people -- no, they did not smell anything, they did not know anything. >> the great olfactory collapse in poland. i am out of time, and as i said for all of the other papers, i guess mine qualifies as well, a good paper is where you can't answer all the questions. [applause] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2014] [captioning performed by national captioning institute] >> you're watching american history tv. 40 hours of programming every weekend on c-span3. follow us on twitter at teeth and history for information on our schedule, upcoming programs

troops which may suggest a preview to eric's talk in a moment about andersonville.those captured, peter churchwell, former slave who escaped, served in the 23rd usct and is captured. he's sent to danville where he recalled years later, i was kept until my master, old master, rather, heard i was in prison. he came there and claimed me as a slave and sold me to a slave dealer at richmond, and he sold me to a slave dealer who took me to wilmington, north carolina. and he then sold me to patrick murphy who took me on his farm near raleigh. most of our black p.o.w.s are going to be returned to slavery, including right here in the heart of virginia's slave trading district, shockoe bottom in richmond, virginia. and where the purple arrow is marked is where one of the petersburg region's former slave turned soldier robert banks will go to the dealers, dickinson, hill & company and be kept there until the war ends. so i'll stop there. because i'm out of slides. and i'll let you ask questions. [ applause ] start over here. >> except for their -- my name is jeff smith. i'm fr

black troops, which may suggest a preview to eric's talk in a moment about andersonville.hose captured is peter churchwell, former slave who escaped, served in the 23rd usct and is captured. he's sent to danville where he recalled years later, i was kept until my master, old master, rather, heard i was in prison. he came there and claimed me as a slave and sold me to a slave dealer at richmond. and he sold me to a slave dealer who took me to wilmington, north carolina. and he then sold me to patrick murphy, who took me on his farm near raleigh. most of our black p.o.w.s are going to be returned to slavery, including right here in the heart of virginia's slave trading district, shockoe bottom in richmond, virginia. and where the purple arrow is marked is where one of the petersburg region's former slave turned soldier robert banks will go to the dealers, dickinson, hill & company and be kept there until the war ends. so i'll stop there because i'm out of slides. and i'll let you ask questions. [ applause ] start over here. >> except for their -- my name is jeff smith. i'm f

troops which may suggest a preview to eric's talk in a moment about andersonville.captured, peter churchwell, former slave who escaped, served in the 23rd usct and is captured. he's sent to danville where he recalled years later, i was kept until my master, old master, rather, heard i was in prison. he came there and claimed me as a slave and sold me to a slave dealer at richmond, and he sold me to a slave dealer who took me to wilmington, north carolina. and he then sold me to patrick murphy who took me on his farm near raleigh. most of our black p.o.w.s are going to be returned to slavery, including right here in the heart of virginia's slave trading district, shockoe bottom in richmond, virginia. and where the purple arrow is marked is where one of the petersburg region's former slave turned soldier robert banks will go to the dealers, dickinson, hill & company and be kept there until the war ends. so i'll stop there. because i'm out of slides. and i'll let you ask questions. [ applause ] start over here. >> except for their -- my name is jeff smith. i'm from mec

militia, johnston had earlier represented that the confederate government move the prisoners at andersonville, about 120 miles south of atlanta. did that mean that johnston was about to abandon atlanta and retreat back into south georgia? that would be even worse. davis, therefore, on july 17th, sent a telegram removing joe johnston from command of the army. over the next 10 days, hood fought three battles with sherman outside atlanta peach tree creek, atlanta and every one of them the confederates attacked, they did not achieve great victories, but they brought sherman's advance to a halt. in late july and august, hood's calvary wrecked sherman's calvary in several battles south of atlanta. it appeared as mid-august came that sherman had been bogged down outside atlanta just like grant was bogged down outside richmond and petersburg. if that remained the case without the victory, faced with all the enormous casualties. that grant had interred in virginia, lincoln might well be doomed in the november election. but at the very end of august, sherman took most of his army, and marched out on a

and then he suggested maybe the confederates ought to be taking better care of prisoners at andersonville. in his final letter to hood he wrote he was not by the wars because he said the city had been fortified and was being used for military purposes. see the books, he testily concluded. so what of the march itself? before sherman left atlanta on november 15, 1864, he set some ground rules for his 62,000 men. and he did them in the form of his special field orders number 120. there are nine articles altogether. the first several describe how he is going to divide up the army and their marching orders and then some center sections that in fact deal explicitly with what the army could and could not do along the march. so the men were instructed to, quote, forage liberally on the country and destroy mill, houses, cotton gins, etc. but within limits. the foraging parties were supposed on the regularized and under the control of discrete officers. soldiers were not supposed to enter homes, as long as -- and if the army was left unmolested, southern property was also supposed to be left alone.

and he re-created it by depicting greely to expending out his hand over the dead of anderson vil andersonville prison. and i think for me, at least, the notion that we have moved from this to this is significant, right? how in your opinion do we get from a northern memory that is at least in part in 1872 still strongly condemning the confederate military apparatus, from there to the handshake? what do you think? john? >> it's fromçascpx the whole dr reconciliation. it's bringing back the union together in an attempt to create a more robust, complete, together nation. >> okay, tara? >> i think it's time. in 50 years has past before they have taken the photo. some of the hard feelings may start to vanish over the time. >> okay, jamie. >> that was sort of the moment for a lot of the veterans who are now politicians to find a commonality amongst imperialism in the late 19th century. >> when confederate veterans decided they should support the spanish american war, that became a moment of sort of unity. john? >> i think there's a bit of a political nature to it, and then there's also, you know, eve

johnston had earlier recommended that the confederate government move the prisoners at andersonville,out 120 miles south of atlanta. did that mean johnston was about to abandon atlanta? and retreat back into south georgia? that would be even worse. davis, therefore, on july 17th, sent a telegram, removing joe johnston from command of the army and naming general john bell hood in his place. hood fought three battles with sherman outside of atlanta pe h peachtree creek, atlanta, he did not achieve great victories, but brought sherman's advance to a halt. in late july and august, hood's cavalry wrecked sherman's cavalry in several battles south of atlanta. it appears as mid august came that sherman and if that remained the case without the victory, faced with all enormous casualties lincoln might well be doomed in the november election. but sherman tube most of his army, watched out a wide circle around atlanta. cut the railroad to macon, and hood was forced to advance. that's when scarlet and prissy and had to get in the wagon and free the city. hood had vail. lincoln had the great vict

militia, johnston had earlier represented that the confederate government move the prisoners at andersonville, about 120 miles south of atlanta. did that mean that johnston was about to abandon atlanta and retreat back into south georgia? that would be even worse. davis, therefore, on july 17th, sent a telegram removing joe johnston from command of the army. over the next 10 days, hood fought three battles with sherman outside atlanta peach tree creek, atlanta and every one of them the confederates attacked, they did not achieve great victories, but they brought sherman's advance to a halt. in late july and august, hood's calvary wrecked sherman's calvary in several battles south of atlanta. it appeared as mid-august came that sherman had been bogged down outside atlanta just like grant was bogged down outside richmond and petersburg. if that remained the case without the victory, faced with all the enormous casualties. that grant had interred in virginia, lincoln might well be doomed in the november election. but at the very end of august, sherman took most of his army, and marched out on a

and he re-created it by depicting greely to expending out his hand over the dead of anderson vil andersonvilleprison. and i think for me, at least, the notion that we have moved from this to this is significant, right? how in your opinion do we get from a northern memory that is at least in part in 1872 still strongly condemning the confederate military apparatus, from there to the handshake? what do you think? john? >> it's fromçascpx the whole dr reconciliation. it's bringing back the union together in an attempt to create a more robust, complete, together nation. >> okay, tara? >> i think it's time. in 50 years has past before they have taken the photo. some of the hard feelings may start to vanish over the time. >> okay, jamie. >> that was sort of the moment for a lot of the veterans who are now politicians to find a commonality amongst imperialism in the late 19th century. >> when confederate veterans decided they should support the spanish american war, that became a moment of sort of unity. john? >> i think there's a bit of a political nature to it, and then there's also, you know, even

militia, johnston had earlier represented that the confederate government move the prisoners at andersonvilleabout 120 miles south of atlanta. did that mean that johnston was about to abandon atlanta and retreat back into south georgia? that would be even worse. davis, therefore, on july 17th, sent a telegram removing joe johnston from command of the army. over the next 10 days, hood fought three battles with sherman outside atlanta peach tree creek, atlanta and every one of them the confederates attacked, they did not achieve great victories, but they brought sherman's advance to a halt. in late july and august, hood's calvary wrecked sherman's calvary in several battles south of atlanta. it appeared as mid-august came that sherman had been bogged down outside atlanta just like grant was bogged down outside richmond and petersburg. if that remained the case without the victory, faced with all the enormous casualties. that grant had interred in virginia, lincoln might well be doomed in the november election. but at the very end of august, sherman took most of his army, and marched out on a wi

suggested, in fact, that maybe the confederates ought to be taking better care of union prisoners at andersonville. in his final letter to hood, in fact, sherman proclaimed that, quote, he was not bound by the laws of war to give notice of the shelling of atlanta because, he said, the city had been fortified and was being used for military purposes. see the books, he testily concluded. so what of the march itself? before sherman left atlanta on november 15th, 1864, he set some ground rules for his 62,000 men and he did them in the form of his special field orders number 120. there were nine articles all together in it. the first several describe how he's going to divide up the army and their marching orders and then there's some center sections that in fact, deal explicitly with what the army could and could not do along the march. so the men were instructed to, quote, forage liberally on the country and to destroy mills, houses, cotton gins, et cetera, but within limits. the foraging parties were supposed to be regularized and under the control of discreet officers. soldiers were not supposed to

recreated this by sort of depicting greeley sort of ng extending out his hand over the dead of andersonvilleand i think for me at least the notion that we have moved from this to this is significant, right? how -- like how in your opinion do we get from a northern memor that is at least in part in 1872 still strongly condemning the confederate military apparatus,t from there to the handshake? yo what do you think? from john? >> it's from the whole drive of reconciliation. it's bringing back be the union together in an attempt to create a more robust, complete togetheo nation. >> okay. tara? >> i really think it's time. y 350 years has passed by the timt they take this photo, and some of those hard feelings might rd start to vanish over time.st >> okay.he jamie? >> it's also a nation who has had another war behind it, albeit a small one, and that wat sort of the moment for a lot of the veterans to find a commonality amongst imperial y. simple. >> so when confederate veterans they s decided that they should support the spanish american war, that a became a moment. >> sure. s >> of sort of .un

and he re-created it by depicting greely to expending out his hand over the dead of andersonville prisond i think for me, at least, the notion that we have moved from this to this is significant, right? how in your opinion do we get from a northern memory that is at least in part in 1872 still strongly condemning the confederate military apparatus, from there to the handshake? what do you think? john? >> it's from the whole drive of reconciliation. it's bringing back the union together in an attempt to create a more robust, complete, together nation. >> okay, tara? >> i think it's time. in 50 years has past before they have taken the photo. some of the hard feelings may start to vanish over the time. >> okay, jamie. >> that was sort of the moment for a lot of the veterans who are now politicians to find a commonality amongst imperialism in the late 19th century. >> when confederate veterans decided they should support the spanish american war, that became a moment of sort of unity. john? >> i think there's a bit of a political nature to it, and then there's also, you know, even though we