he appoints andrew johnson in tennessee. north carolina, he appoints someone, edward stanley, who would resign when lincoln signed the application proclamation. -- when lincoln issues the emancipation proclamation. sean phelps in arkansas. andrew jackson hamilton in texas. most importantly, george shepley in louisiana. louisiana and new orleans is key for lincoln from the very start. there is going to be very little traction in texas. andrew jackson hamilton barely hangs out in texas and spends most of his time in new york and boston and washington. in tennessee, arkansas, and louisiana, lincoln hinges his hopes. he pinned his hopes that those states during the war can be restored. this is critical to understanding lincoln and the construction. -- reconstruction. for lincoln, reconstruction is both a means toward an end as well as an end in itself. the eventual hope is to win the war and reunify the nation. how are we going to do that? one of the way to do that was to pick off whatever confederate states we could and have the

even andrew johnson seems to fade away. most people today have a hard time attaching a name or face to who the radical republicans were. even though tommy lee jones also gives people a way to remember at least one radical republican. most people would be hard pressed to name any of the african-american office holders that we know emerged during reconstruction. or the white office holders that replaced them. this is one reason people think they know anything about reconstruction. there's no framework that people are used to making sense of the you civil war with, even if they imagine gettysburg happens to have been in the middle, that's what the people imagine a narrative arc. they think they at least have that, there's no sense of the construction of the project of sherman's march, it seems to be happening all the time everywhere. there seems to have been largely chaos, sliced in different shapes for different southern states. each one of which followed its own chronology. it lasted two years in some places and 12 in others

it is. >> i think here, too, you see the importance, to go back to the original comments about andrew johnson, sort of where some of the particular failures, whether it is johnson, maybe buchanan, but less so, have had their worst impact on african-americans, so there is no doubt that the failure to have a successful reconstruction was a great consequence for african-americans, although it also affected all americans. when you get to herbert hoover, well, of course african-americans suffered in the depression along with others, but there would not be a great deviance there between how whites and blacks would rate him. i think reagan is an interesting question here. would a poll of african-american historians or african-american citizens of great or worst presidents, would reagan come out markedly lower than he does among whites? i would suspect, yes, but i do not know. >> i think he probably would. he starts his campaign in philadelphia and starts his campaign with a message. leaving his policies aside, it is what he unleashed in terms of people's attitudes about race, now is the time for ret

i mean, to go back to the comments about andrew johnson, sort of where some of these particular failures, whether it is johnson, you know, maybe buchanan but less so, have had their worst impact on african americans. so there is no doubt that the -- you know -- failure to have a ofcessful reconstruction was greatest consequence for african-americans although it affected all americans. to herbert hoover, well, of course african-americans suffered in the depression along with others but there would not be, i think, a great deviance their between how whites and blacks would rate them. i think ronald reagan might be an interesting question here. what a poll of african american historians were african-american citizens of great or worst presidents, would ronald reagan come out higher or lower the and he does among whites? i think lower. think he would. he sent a message from the beginning, that even if his policies -- leaving his policies assigned -- it is what he unleashed in terms of people's attitudes about race. now is the time for retrenchment. we have been trying to go forward. but now

second is andrew johnson. now your arguments can start. you have those two firmly in place. now have at it, and have big fun after you have those. johnson's aggressive opposition to congressional republicans and the intransigence of x rebels pushed the loyal white citizenry far beyond where they otherwise would have gone in the wake of the war, and where they thought ofy would go at the moment victory. the 14th and 15th amendments, barred states made it harder for x rebels to hold office and guaranteed to vote for black men. those amendments and an array of other legislation sought to secure and extend the fruits of union victory and emancipation. increasing severity of governmental policy had far more to do with chastising x rebels then with helping african-americans, though the latter surely were the immediate and long-term beneficiaries. go back and read the 14th amendment sometime, not just the parts we talk about now. read the whole thing and then ask yourself, what is this really about? i was going to quote grant again, but i'm not going to now. what i was going to say

in that respect that would make a parallel to andrew johnson and grant. presidents, not by their lonesome did push back in way.e revenges reagan was a very amiable guy, but what i'm saying is, you have to look at the long term. what did he a copy and his presidency and what did it set up for the political system, decades coming forward. i would argue both andrew johnson in the 19 century and reagan and bush put us in a bad situation. >> want to ask the panel with this last comment, we have about three minutes left and one of the things i like to do is pretend i am judy woodruff. if you're to address that, you have about half a minute for your closing statements. >> mine is really quick. a limerick i wrote in college about warren harding. there was an old man named warren who hated all things foreign. , andked to live normally spent his time a-whorin. barack obama was on "wait wait, don't tell me" as a senator. would quote things out of context and he could not be as funny as he liked. lincoln -- reagan we treasure for his humor, barack obama is very funny

and the restauranteur, george downing, they all go down, they have a disastrous meeting with andrew johnson. they are as polite as they can be. johnson seems not to know who douglas was. at one point he said bieshy the, lincoln i don't think ever read douglas' narrative. the first time lincoln and douglas met, he began to explain who he was and lincoln said i heard all about you, i know exactly who you are. johnson seems not to. at one point, johnson says to him have you ever lived on a plantation. he thinks douglas is from rochester. douglas says matter of fact, i was born on one in maryland. disastrous meeting. when the delegation leaves, johnson turns to his secretary and says you know, i know people like that douglas that negro, doesn't use the term negro, says he would rather put a knife in the white man's back than anything. but the delegation had great success. they talked to republicans in congress. they make two kinds of pitches for why congress should get on board with sort of the convention agenda. the first simply is war. 180,000 black men had now risked their lives, they fought

andrew johnson, with his impeachment and with the determination of congress that it would never allowtrong figure to arise again. in addition, most of the issues that had roiled the country for the previous generation, of slavery and secession, had been resolved, and the new issues of industrial america, of the trusts of conservation, had not yet arisen. so it is a shallow period in the late 19th century. jeff: the impeachment of andrew johnson, in your judgment, was the low point for the american presidency? william: yes, i think so, at least the low point in the 19th century. we have yet to see whether the 21st century will bring us a lower point. jeff: what was the low point in the 20th century? william: i would think that, if we are talking about power of a president, the two low points would be the 1920's and, to a lesser degree, the 1970's, the period of ford and of carter. if you think of the low point with respect to the behavior of american presidents, it would almost certainly be that of richard nixon and the actions that resulted in his being driven from office. jeff: if th

jeff: the impeachment of andrew johnson, in your judgment, was the low rate for the american presidency- the low point for the american presidency? william: yes, i think so, at least the low point in the 19th century. we have yet to see whether the 21st century will bring us a lower point. jeff: what was the low point in the 20th century? william: i would think that, if we are talking about power of a president, the two low points would be the 1920's and, to a lesser degree, the 1970's, the period of ford and of carter. if you think of the low point with respect to the behavior of american presidents, you would almost certainly -- it would almost certainly be that of richard nixon and the actions that resulted in his being driven from office. jeff: if the office was inconsequential 100 some odd years ago, how is it -- how has it changed since then? as it become more consequential? -- has it become more consequential? thatam: the single answer would be most compelling is that the president of the united states has his finger on the nuclear button. sends a budgetow , pieces ofcongress leg

he has trouble with andrew johnson. tot tries -- grant tries avoid the political entanglements that were going on with the impeachment of johnson. in a bit, but stays out and really thinks things will be good when grant is elected president. monthre for about one when the new secretary of four theves and tells sherman civilian head runs the army, not you. sherman says i will talk to grant. the problem is that mullins was grant's oldest friend and he is dying. grant gave him the job. nice job for his friend. in that warmhearted way. the same thing happened with his successor. a guy that was clearly corrupts. -- clearly corrupt. what sherman did is that he fromally retreated washington. he left. winfield scott had similar troubles when he was the general of the army, and he went to new york. sherman went to st. louis. this was a very good move, but it seemed he had lost all political power. thereal agenda was to build transcontinental railroad, which he did. he did it very brutally. philip's war, in one way or another, set

>> largely because it had suffered such a relapse under andrew johnson with the, with his impeachment an with the determination of congress that if would never allow a strong figure to arise again. in addition, most of the issues that had roiled the country for the previous generation of slavery and is he session had been resolved. and the new issues of industrial america, of the trusts, of conservation, had not yet arisen. so it's a shallow period in the late 19th century. >> the impeachment of andrew johnson in your judgement was the low point for the american presidency. >> oh yes, i think so. at least the low point in the 19th century. we have yet to see whether the 21s century will bring us a lower point. >> what was the low point in the 209 century? >> i would think that if we're talking about power of a president then the two low points would be the 19 tost and to a lesser degree, the '70s in the period of frank-- of ford and of carter. if you think of the low point with respect to the ime javier of american presidents it would almost certainly be that of richard nixon and the

they replace them with andrew johnson. andrew johnson we would talk about more if we were moving into reconstruction. because we know he will figure centrally in that era american history. really quickly, what do we know about him? he had been born and raised in the south. he rose to prominence in tennessee, a slave-holding state. he had owned slaves himself. and he was a democrat. the only other thing we my ad is he was a staunch unionist. when we think about that, the ticket in 1864 was the northern, anti-slavery republican lincoln paired with the southern -- not that i would call johnson proslavery but now opposed to slavery on moral grounds. what do they have in common? almost nothing. but they do have one thing in common. christian: preservation of the union. prof. mckenzie: they are unionists. so the very pairing of these two, driving home the point. this is a union coalition aimed at preserving the union. it is a big tent that can accommodate lots of views on the issues of slavery. we see this in a variety of ways.

andrew johnson had been born, raised in the south. prominence in tennessee, slaveholding state. he owned slaves himself. and he was a democrat. the only other thing we might add is that he was a staunch, staunch unionist. the we think about it, national union ticket as the northern antislavery republican southernaired with the -- i don't know if i would call him proslavery but is not opposed to it on any grounds. he is a democrat. what do they have in common? almost nothing, but they do have one thing in common. >> preservation of the union. >> they are unionists. two who hold these nothing in common and their political values except union is driving home the point. this is a union coalition aimed at preserving the union. that canig tent accommodate a lot of views on the issue of slavery. just a few more images. put is a campaign banner out by courier in dives. and ives. the slogan says "liberty, union, and victory." those are broad, vague term. -- terms. the platform of the national union party has about 11 or 12 points. sayfirst one is going to this is paramount. of every high

that only was lincoln targeted, but so was vice president andrew johnson, secretary of state williamstewart, and general of the army u.s. grant. lewis powell was assigned to kill william stewart. and michael o'laughlen was assigned to track down and kill general grant. of ais the famous scene sketch that was done of john wilkes booth. it was actually taken from the original newspaper. this is the original newspaper of the harvest weekly. 29, lincolnd april died on the 15th. it gets into details about john wilkes booth. the country was devastated by this attack. and then finding out about seward and the others. issue. harpers shows lincoln with his son, thad. his other son, willy, had died. not quite year before. these are all original. lincoln was respected, thought of as a loving family man. this is the scene that you saw where he jumps over the railing, he catches his spur on the american flag, drop to the ground, and hobbles out. onn he had hobbled out stage, there's only one actor onstage was finishing his lines. hand, a knife in his henry rathbone, who was a guest of the lincoln

david: that was andrew johnson. it is no dead the beach for puerto rico. the island will fall on the $22 million payment due. what does default main for the island going forward? lisa: a closer look at exxon mobil and chevron earnings. the two largest american oil companies to verge. exxon beats, chevron disappoints. our guest joins us to break down the government's role in the future of a ton mr. diving. utonomous driving. david: julie hyman is ticking on company moving. julie: selling 52 million tores at 446 to raise money pay down debt and those shares are down 72%. they were down more steeply overnight after announcing the share sale but once the pricing great care to losses to some extent. we're seeing an advance in some of the miners today. gold and copper are both tired today. gold as we are seeing a little bit of a risk of scenario and the lower dollar, copper getting a lift from the lower dollars. and some assurance on the chinese friend. agreement.g after an just seems to beginning on that as well. generally we're seeing the materials talks down.

those were revoked that andrew johnson revoked. and he was completely against the idea of distributing abandoned lands, abandoned by slave holders by people who cultivated them being slaved people. there was an ongoing discussion at the time, abolitionists and radical republicans in congress insisted that, in fact, the slaves were owed something, they called it compensation, we call it -- you know, even radical sometimes work at the idea that this is even possible or feasible. at that time period, many abolitionists, many felt that this was something that was owed to freed people and certainly african americans themselves, to free people themselves raised the demand for compensation, for generations of stolen labor. >> is there a way to put a number of the value of the enslaved persons? >> that's what i was trying to ask. >> i'm sorry, i completely misunderstood your question. [laughter] >> we know that -- that there were around 4 million enslaved people on the eve of the civil war according to 1860 census and they were valued at n

andrew johnson and ulysses s. grant, two post civil war presidents, also at one point owned slaves. the main point here despite a dearth of resources we find that each unique and interesting president was surrounded by interesting enslaved people. historians must continue to find the stories and secure their place in the canon of american historical figures. these individuals should be more than secondary figures in high school history textbook. you have they make about far. this causes me to wonder what can we say about the american revolution? the ideas of freedom and democracy were compelling and revolutionary among themselves, some people compose the idea behind a revolution is that you can turn the house down and build up to something new and better. get rid of everything that was bad about it. the great irony of calling it an american revolution is that the most nefarious aspect of the colonies was glossed over and protected in the interest of a few elite people who wanted to keep others in bondage. even though many of them knew that what they were doing was wrong. their state

let me emphasize to these students that this was lyndon johnson, not andrew johnson. [laughter] [applause] >> in any case, bob has fashioned a very distinguished career, including 30 years with the intelligence community, where he held significant assignments, including arms control and a member of the delegation on the disarmament, and he has also taught to 2004. he was in monterey, california. a prolific scholar and writer, the author of several works, one novel and histories. the last of those, "fierce patriot: the tangled lives of william tecumseh sherman", a new york times bestseller. and it was also the recipient of a 2015 award for excellence in civil war biography. at the time of its publication, he received widespread praise. it was called, a remarkable and remarkably original work on one of the people that truly defined america. the national review asserted that, "it is hard to imagine any other biography capturing sherman in such an enlightening fashion." the wall street journal called a sharply drawn and compulsive march through sherman's psyche. and evan

they replace them with andrew johnson. we would talk about more if we were moving into reconstruction. he will figure centrally. what do we know about him? he had been born and raised in the south. he had owned slaves himself. he was a democrat. the only other thing we my ad is he was a staunch unionist. , thewe think about that ticket in 1864 was the northern, anti-slavery republican lincoln -- notwith the southern proslavery but now opposed to slavery on moral grounds. what do they have in common? almost nothing. but one thing. >> preservation of the union. prof. mckenzie: they are unionists. the pairing of these two, driving home the point. aimeds a union coalition at preserving the union. it can accommodate lots of issues of slavery. we see this in a variety of ways. a few more images. they label again, grand national union banner. the slogan says liberty, union and victory. broad, vague terms. the platform of the national party, 11-12 points. it's going to say this is paramount. of everyst duty american citizen to mai

nathan suggested. >> sreenivasan: christopher johnson, andrew nathan, thanks so much for joining us.>> thank you. >> woodruff: it's hard to overstate just how expensive college can be: more than $40,000 a year for a private school, over $34,000 for an out- of-state public school. many students do qualify for greater financial aid, but a startup has come up with a way to let high school students earn money for college much earlier. economics correspondent paul solman has the story, part of his "making sense" series, which airs thursdays on the newshour. >> reporter: at the engineering classroom of a top public magnet school in miami, terra high school, sebastian rodriguez and his team's entry in a national robot competition. >> you had to pick up a lot of wiffle balls and stack them into this canister here and then be able to propel them upwards into six-foot-tall tubes. >> reporter: turns out this whole school is as competitive as the robot-niks; you need high grades and test scores just to get in. you don't get any extra money for having built a really cool robot, do you? >> no, not

johnson. judge andrew napolitano and tom shillue. for time life's music collection.r) these are songs that can relax and soothe you. (ray conniff) ♪ somewhere my love ♪ there will be songs to sing (narrator) songs that make you feel good. (frankie valli) ♪ you're just too good to be true ♪ ♪ can't take my eyes off of you ♪ ♪ you'd be like heaven to touch ♪ (narrator) songs that take you to wonderful places. (the 5th dimension) ♪ up-up and away ♪ in my beautiful, my beautiful balloon ♪

johnson. judge andrew napolitano and tom shillue. >> after years of scouring the ocean floor, a treasure hunterle motto... >> today is the day. >> today is the day. >> today is the day. >> ...hits the mother lode. >> ...a shipwreck, which had 40 tons of gold and silver and copper on board. >> when his heirs cash in, collectors grab a piece of the action. >> a gold chalice. $100,000 to open the bid. >> but this treasure hunt is far from over. >> is it true that there's a 40-pound bag of emeralds down there? >> it's 70 pounds of emeralds. >> could you look harder?

andrew, stay with us. thank you for being here. minutes away from the european equity market open. up next, how the open will progress. ultimate battle of the charts. hans nichols versus guy johnson- you will be the winner? andrew sheets will decide. 10 minutes until the open. ♪ hans: it is 7:53 in london, 8:53 in berlin. if no one has told you, this is when we throw two charts out there and you get to adjudicate. my chart is about oil. we spent a lot of time talking about the yen, but my goal is not to win the week -- it's to elucidate and clarify for the viewer, hopefully for andrew. what we have is u.s. oil production. we see it taking here, 9.6 million barrels per day. it goes all the way down, right now heading in a clear direction. output has dropped, down close to that $ 9 million barrels per day. the blue line is the price of wti -- sorry, what oil has traded at. it gives you a sense that the u.s. oil producers in the plant regions, where you have some of the shale drilling, are feeling the pain. production is down, over half a million barrels off the market. we will see its filter through into this oil story; it could lead to a slight rally in the price. but guy, my inte

johnson. let's get a bloomberg fire -- speaking on the bbc's andrew marsh show, they do not see naturalizationanswer. >> i do not think toionalization is a solution this. even for a few weeks or a few months. i also think it will not be prudent to roll things out. ofo feel that after a lot reasons that there will be working with the government and being able to take it forward. nehra: orange has abandoned its attempt to buy the phone business. that would have eased competition and one of europe's toughest market. -- bleak -- shares in both companies are trading lower this morning. goldman sachs says it is time to sell asian currencies after that monthly rally -- the best monthly rally and more than seven years. currencies will resume their declined with further easing in china and japan. that is your bloomberg business flash. guy: thank you very much indeed. companies saytish brexit is the biggest risk their businesses face. the 120 cfos polled say it would be favorable for the u.k. to remain in the european union. delight chief economist told bloomberg a short while ago that uncertainty is th

andrew jackson versus john quincy adams. >>> enough probably never heard of it, but it changed alex johnson's life. >> the dog would be out every morning. let's go run. knowing that i was working with that teammate and not want to go let her town. sounds silly, but it gave me the emotional push to get control of my life. >> reporter: johnson lost more than 80 pounds and now races competitively every year in one of the largest races. >> beautiful thing about skijor, the dogs remind you that the racing is secondary. being out there and doing it is the important thing. i love her, she's my buddy. hey! this is lloyd. to prove to you that the better choice for him is aleve. he's agreed to give it up. ok, but i have 30 acres to cover by sundown. we'll be with him all day as he goes back to taking tylenol. yeah, i was ok, but after lunch my knee started hurting again so... more pills. yep... another pill stop. can i get my aleve back yet? for my pain... i want my aleve. get all day minor arthritis pain relief with an easy open cap. my lineage was the vecchios and zuccolis. through ancestry, through dna i found out that i was onl

andrew kostin. ♪ guy: good morning. you are watching "on the move." i am guy johnson, alongside hans nichols. areever log we watching? hans: creditors resume talks while tensions tighten between the imf and the german government. are we heading for another summer crisis? and is the rally over? short positions on oil increase for the first time after saudi arabia backs away from a supply freeze. andre kosten at 8 :20 u.k. time. the cac is a little bit down. is in positive territory just a little bit. let's go to caroline hyde for the market open. caroline: good morning, hans. of stocks over the last couple weeks. for oil stocks, it was banks that let us know where. today, we thought caution in the market. thewas tracking lower after exclusive interview we had with the deputy crown prince of saudi arabia. bitre going to have a of investment companies being dragged down. metals are trading lower today. the dax opens flat. the cac 40 is down. let's look at the euro, up by .1%. the dollar index is rising ever so slightly this morning after yellen's dovish last week. this put more pressure on the u

johnson says the u.s. would never contemplate anything like the e.u., so why should they think it is right for us? first the u.s. dumped andrewm the $20 bill, and now out will be alan smith. all we know is that there will be someone no one -- no longer present from the -- greece faces a budget confrontation with international creditors. finance ministers me today to decide whether greece should get more money under its third bailout. some creditors want greece to impose more austerity measures if it does not comply with budget targets. authorities in minnesota are investigating the death of legendary musician prince, who died at his home in minneapolis yesterday. he was 57. he was an acclaimed musical prodigy. included "when doves cry" and "little red corvette." global news 24 hours a day, powered by 2400 journalists in more than 150 news bureaus around the world, i am nejra cehic. tom? tom: thank you so much. francine, a lot of people do not know prince's music. he sold a zillion records but was always on the periphery of what i would call popdom. poppy, never like michael jackson. ,ut he could write up a storm when you thin

johnson, lifetime high of the dow jones industrial average. we have up arrows coming under pressure. charles: to politics the hillary clinton email scandal won't go away. all rise, judge andrew is dangerous for hillary to mark the fbi. dismissive of the whole thing. judge napolitano: she did it as recently as this past weekend with matt lauer where she does the high, almost forced laugh. in the midst, argues it is absurd even to consider the possibility that she might be prosecuted. when she does that, that is documented and recorded by the fbi and they are human beings obviously. who wants their work marked? the same people she said i can't wait to speak to them. another absurdity. they know it is an absurdity. she is saying i am willing to speak to the fbi, no smart defender who happens to be a lawyer wants to meet the people who are investigating them. charles: where would you rank president obama's interview? judge napolitano: it is my column that comes out thursday. i read it tuesday, i am writing this morning. it was machiavelli and and at another point it was dumb. for him to say to chris wallace she was careless actually harms her, doesn't help her because carelessne