this is a nearby galaxy, andromeda. there is a civilization exactly .ike ours sitting there it takes 2.5 million years to send a signal that way. but what would it take to send a signal? next slide. this is the biggest energy generating facility on earth. it is located in china. if you go to the next life, it takes only two of those to connect to the same kind of transmitter to communicate the -- communicate between the galaxies across normal distances of 15 trillion miles. it is a cheap endeavor to communicate between the galaxies , so somebody should be sending something out there, and it is our responsibility to keep looking. >> of the breakthrough is not just looking, but deciding how we communicate when it is time. i know you have open sourced and that and asked people to submit their own ideas. i am curious what you would do if you were in charge? what would you say to the intelligent life? it is a nontrivial complicated question. not only you need to come up with content but also you need to come up with a coding