opposition that was constantly beating him over the head saying you're anti-democratic, anti-women, anti-coptic, you're this and you're that. so the fact they had to respond to that and show that, no, islam is not necessarily anti-democratic, not necessarily anti-minority irs, is not -- in doing so, that helped solidify the ideology as an alternative to say neosellafism or pure secularism on the other. i'll stop here. >> as the moderator i'll take the privilege of sort of teasing out some of the points of agreement and points of disagreement, and the obvious one is, mohammed, i think you raise nice examples that might run counter to some of the findings that brian and johanna presented. what i think is interesting, johanna, most are your data look at democracies yet you found some agreement with brian looking for global, 198 countries and want that stuck out for me in particular, your denominational one. parties that are the same, larger tradition, christianity, let's say, but of a different denomination if they're not included in the political process, then they're more apt to sort of take up