and the arab world. this earlier history of happier relations between americans and arabs flies in the face of those who would argue there's some sort of inevitable clash of civilizations between arabs and americans. opened, this is something that reviewers point out -- it is striking how quickly the cia arabists crossed to the other side of the road. started supporting regimes in the region. cia a very slender read indeed. one thing to -- is clear to me and that is the foundational moment in modern u.s. middle east relations. if you look at all the major news stories in the region today, from egypt to syria, to iran, their origins can be traced to this foundational moment when the u.s. established an unofficial presence in the middle east and when the cia was created and ran these operations. so, in other words, i if you want to truly understand what is going on now, we do have to know about this earlier history. thanks very much for your attention. [applause] >> so i have two quick questions. one, in t

and the arab world. this earlier history of happier relations between americans and arab fight in the face of those who would argue there's some sort of inevitable fascist civilization between americans and arabs. on the other hand, and this is something reviewers have pointed out, it is striking how close they were to the road, seeings supporting arab-nationalists and support pro-western conservative regimes in the region. cia proved a slender read indeed. this really is a foundational moment in relations, and if you look in the region from egypt to syria to iran, that origins can be traced to this foundational moment when the u.s. established an official presence in the middle east, and when the cia was created and ran these operations. in other words, i think if you really want to understand what's going on now, we have to know about the early history. thanks very much for your attention. [applause] >> two quick questions, the state department in the 40s was full of arabist, and marshall threatened to

and the arab world. and there is an inevitable class of civilizations between americans and arabs. and this is something else that reviewers have pointed out and it's striking how quickly they crossed to the other side of the road. and then if you can to support pro-western conservative regimes in the region. and aaron and improved a very slender margin indeed. that is that there is a foundational moment in the modern u.s. and middle east relations. from egypt to syria to iran. the origins can be traced to this foundational moment when the u.s. established this in the middle east when the cia was there and ran the peace operations. so if you want to understand what is going on now, do you have to know about this area of history. so i thank you very much for your attention. [applause] >> i have two quick questions it was also full of nervous nervous in this area and i think george marshall threatened to resign. it is very unhappy and these people connected with the state department people and my second question is about suez. you talk about that in the book. for these three involved

some of them were, who spoke arabic and were local and new arabs. in many respects they, they were naive because they didn't see the conflict. i mean basically what happened because of that blindness of the earlier generation that i described, the result afterwards was, that it was the people on the extreme right and extreme left who saw reality as it is because they could not, the ones on the extreme right saw the arabs are there and that there will be war. they were not afraid of that. it did not endanger their values. the people on the left hoped there would be peace. so they saw the arabs and hoped there would be peace and they were fine. the 70, 80% in the middle, led first by labor zionists had inner contradiction because they could not, there was a contradiction between their progressive and moral values and the brutal reality. so there was a need for a kind of blindness that it was going on for a long type. but, you mentioned weitzman and but don't tell anyone this is one of my next op-eds. not just because you mentioned thatll. why? because

for them an arab is an arab.n september 2000 the palestinians started to shoot through the jewish neighborhoods, and the authorities had to protect the kindergarten over here, and they put up this wall put up by the neighborhood council. but nevertheless, it's quite ugly. but if they shoot from the other side toward the kindergarten, what other measure you can take in order to protect the children? >> before returning home we went to visit a palestinian farmer whose life was devastated when half of his land was taken by the israeli army to accommodate the bending of the wall. -- the building of the wall. ma the better part of his land is beyond that fence. all these walls he built by breaking this sporn land with his wife and his children and all his hard work is gone. he cannot go down and tend to his trees or cultivate it. >> i feel like i haven't found any anchor for the light at the end of the tunnel. is there any chance for people to believe that there is something else? >> i used to have a speech that said

this is a responsibility of arabs themselves.one else. >> warner: marwan muasher, thank you. >> ifill: again, the major developments of the day. senate democrats pressed a new bill to restore long-term jobless benefits, but the effort stalled. and new jersey chris christie said he'd had "no knowledge" that part of a major bridge was closed in an apparent bid to punish a political foe. he said he's fired a top aide for lying about it. >> woodruff: on the newshour online right now, as democrats and republicans debate how to tackle income inequality in this country, one author insists that the war on poverty wasn't just a liberal initiative. conservatives helped institutionalize much of what president lyndon johnson laid out 50 years ago, and this bipartisan investment has made america a stronger nation. read that argument on "making sense." all that and more is on our web site, newshour.pbs.org. >> ifill: and that's the newshour for tonight. on friday, the latest jobs numbers, plus the new national ambassador for young people's lit

the lion of israel he was a defender of the bulldozer people loved his ferocity his ability to kill arabs and to conquer the land of israel he believed that that israeli should settle it all from you know a u.s. perspective we have the same debate here with. the indian warriors the warriors the white european settlers who killed american indians and settled the west general custer president andrew jackson who killed the many indians conquered big hunks of the united states and they are heroes to american in american historiography but to american indians in addition to people there of course villains who massacred harmless people in russia you could take somebody like catherine the great who grabbed a big hunk of poland of course the crimea and all the areas north of the black sea but of course catherine is very different because she made love in many ways to her people before she went to war against them in poland her first great love was the king of poland and that of course eased the conquest of poland so she made love and she made war whereas i suppose prime minister sharon was really

i'm joined by the author of a new book, the second arab awakening.i started by asking what the road was to success in geneva. >> it is a small step that they sat together, but no one expects them to do what they were supposed to do, which was agree on a transitional government to get serious out of this crisis. so maybe what we can expect from geneva is maybe some movement on the humanitarian conditions, but i doubt there will be much movement beyond that. >> and egypt, another country in crisis. you talk in your book about the need for pluralism in the arab , there is another islamic insurgency. how do you breach the era of mistrust? inwhen the islamists were government, they attempted to push forward a constitution of the the wishes secular elements. today we are seeing the secular elements behave in exactly the same exclusion is manner that they accuse the islamists of doing. the violence is concerning, but i think the solution to this violence must be a political process that includes all elements of society. >> but does the arab world have time

as we say in arabic, jobs, liberty, dignity.in the last 48 hours we have seen riots, closings of highways and streets, and municipalities and governments. at the same time, the national government is discussing the constitution. this is something the new government has to face. the good part is it is a consensus government. everyone is agreeing on this government. these are people who will be chosen based not on political alliances or ideologies but based on their competencies. this government is faced with four major issues. one, installing the stability and security, which is an incredible point leading to the second one. you cannot talk about foreign investment today when the border betweenhe algeria and tunisia, the borders between libya and tunisia, it is very thin. there's talk of terrorism and arms deals. that is the second major point the new government has to deal with. look at the international financial ratings. they are the worst by moody's and standard & poor's. it lists tunisia as one of the worst places to invest.

the arab peace initiative holds out the possibility, excuse me, the arab peace initiative holds out the of normalizing relations with israel and strengthening security for all of the countries throughout the region. i'm very grateful for the arab league for their willingness to help to build support for this effort. it's very hard to overstate the importance of cutter, audi arabia and egypt and jordan and iraq and kuwait and all countries taking part in this effort in order to bring the arab world to the table, saying a simple thing, we are prepared to make peace now in 2014. as i made clear in my discussions with the arab foreign ministers today, we really are at a critical point as palestinians and israeli leaders grapple with difficult and challenging decisions that lie ahead. through the course of the last five months, president abas and prime minister netanyahu had courageous and determined leadership and made tough choices and they are contemplating even tougher choices in the weeks ahead. the arab foreign ministers made clear to me that they support israeli and palestinian leader

arab countries hosting those organizations. they could not leave. started in ther middle east. >> terrorist led to war. >> they lead to war. see the seeds of this feature war that all of us would like to prevent. >> you have said before that you .anted to assassinate arafat you wanted to see him killed the cousin thought he was an enemy of the state. correct? >> through the years, tremendous effort to bring to a situation go to haverers who civilian blood on his hands, should be out of society. we made tremendous effort three >> to kill him. >> you use very hard words. >> why is that hard work? of him.nted to get rid >> that is a euphemism for killing him. >> that is not the right word. to kill, to assassinate. we speak about a murderer. >> he wanted to murder him. >> no, no. >> why did you fail? >> it was complicated. he is always on the move and you can never get that close. >> many reasons. wantedthe reasons, we , but we werenments aware of the fact that civilian people do not have any concept of murder altogether, might be helped. that was maybe

>> [speaking arabic ] >> 30. >> lots of people would like to see you dead. >> [speaking arabic ] >> i don't care. that's their problem. >> you don't care? >> i do not care. >> judge radhi was more than happy to walk us through the case. aside from the hundreds of millions of dollars that were stolen, radhi says much of the equipment actually delivered to the iraqi military was useless junk. soviet era helicopters, some of which were considered unfit to fly; bulletproof vests that fell apart after a few weeks; and a shipment of ammunition so old, one of the people inspecting it feared it might blow up. >> [speaking arabic ] >> instead of aircraft, we received mobile hospitals. what would an army without aircraft do with mobile hospitals? instead of getting planes and tanks and vehicles and weapons that we needed, we got materials there really was not a big need for. [ticking] >> coming up, confronting the accused. the allegations are that $1.2 billion left iraq-- >> yes. >> to buy military equipment. >> yes. >> and only about $400 million worth of equipment came back into the country.

in tunisia, lawmakers finally adopted one of the most progressive constitutions in the arab world. ukraine threatens to impose a state of emergency if protesters do not leave the justice ministry the occupied late sunday, this as antigovernment protests read throughout the country. success inggest grammy history, duo daft punk win big for their smash song this summer "get lucky." >> also coming up, victory for the french handball team who lock in their third euro championship title with a win over denmark third those details coming up in sports. as the world focuses on the syrian peace talks in geneva, the old -- to the effect the crisis is having on its neighbors with former u.s. congressman robert wexler which -- who heads up the abraham center for middle east peace. top news stories -- unprecedented scenes in the tunisian parliamentary chamber this week and with assembly deputies hugging, dancing, and singing after they approved a historically constitution that has now just been signed, you can see in the pictures. the new charter has been widely praised for inclusiveness in fre

he is considered a martyr of arab and muslim souls. arab leaders would also fear reaction from their citizens if they dare to go sean is remembered year for his role in the israeli defense force you think the nineteen sixty seven war against egypt palestine and syria occupying their territories and killing their success this battle in history with project extends to the nineteen seventy four where he penetrated the egyptian army minds after they crossed the suez canal and across the world of flying. this is just you and me still in use not just in our new leader but a war criminal. there has been held responsible for the nineteen eighty two massacre in lebanon. the radical change in sharon's policy as prime minister that led into a factor which is revealed sentiments from calls up his only you would as a success for the second intifada and his war record as well. in the region still remembered by. in the second of a small idea that there's no way we would sympathize with them he was actually lucky to escape the seniors crimes in the in

that is true in the arab world. the fact that we know these numbers. the fact that we know there is a problem and groups are coming together to address the problem gives me hope that the future is better than the past. we're going through a rocky exposurperiod of exposure and consciousness. >> if we know we're wrong--that is key. people now know there is a problem and they're moving in a different direction. that's the important thing. >> thank you all, that brings us to the end of this edition of inside story. thanks for being with us. the program may be over but the conversation continues. we want to hear what you think about the issues on this or any day's show. you can log on to our facebook page or send us your thoughts briefly on twitter. our handle is a.j. inside story am or reach me directly at ray suarez news. we'll see you for the next inside story in washington. i'm ray suarez. ... >>> this is al jazeera america, live from new york. i am jonathan betz. searching for a motive, a shooting at a maryland mall kills three and injures five. explos

i saw today in the "new york times" a story of the brutality of arabs killing other arabs. they are killing them because they will not cooperate or not accept the plo as the sole representative of them. they kill them, they murder them. they bury them alive. terrible things that people here would not understand. we cannot judge those murderers by our moral values. it's a different thing. >> are you getting hurt in this country by the intifada relationship, the murders and all the things that have gone on back and forth? >> damage was caused to israel. therefore i believe israel had to bring to an end the damage from the intifada as quickly as possible. it was damage to the image of israel and israel should act in a more fast way to bring it to an end. i don't see any possible way to move forward unless we will be able to overcome it. it will be peace in the middle east when it is quieter. it should be quiet to discuss anything. >> we are over the limit, and here's the book. "warrior," with david chanoff. thank you very much for your time. >> world members expressed their co

>> the answer is that first of all the jews and arabs live together as others live together. jews and arabs have been living together for many, many years in that country, but in order to be together, i think that law and order should be kept altogether in every democracy you have to keep law and order for all the population, law and order and justice should be made, as it is connected to things. >> rose: do you have a home in the likud party? benjamin netanyahu the head of the party said about you, you are a permanent subversive and suggested you might leave, you ought to leave the likud. >> look, many things have been said, and -- >> netanyahu said about you. >> i don't think that is the right thing to do. i will do, i formed the likud when i left the military in 1973. i brought five parties together and made, i think i made the main contribution to form the likud and, therefore, the party -- the party was for me a way to implement ideas. the party is not a -- >> how is it that you, a military man,, rabin, a military man and ehud barak, a military man, look at things so dif

league, and 35 muslim countries stand ready under the arab peace initiative to all recognize israeland normalize relations the moment a peace agreement is reached. as a sheik said at a meeting of the foreign ministers of the arab league, he said to his colleagues, completely spontaneously, you know what? after peace, israel will enjoy richter economic benefit from relations with the golf than it now enjoys with europe. -- the gulf than it now enjoys with europe. imagine what that would mean for trade. stanley fischer, the former government of the bank of israel, nominated to serve on our own federal observe -- federal reserve board, said it could boost israel's gdp by as much as 6% a year. the jewish state of israel and the arab state of palestine can develop into an international hub for technology, trade, tourism. unbelievable tourism. the holy sites of the world, of the major three religions. this will invigorate a region. it is long past time that this ancient part of the world became known for what they can create, not for the conflicts that they can perpetuate. it is long past

he never really understood ash culture or arab mind. he never understood the area that he was living in and that he was supposed to be making peace while living in it. >> why the sudden change? >> i would say the sudden change is because of the democra demogc threats and the international pressure that was imposed on israel. i don't think sharon in his heart of hearts, he basically built the security wall as the palestinians like to call it. based on his own narrow vision and his very narrow security prison that he only saw the palestinians through. so the man from the beginning until the end saw the palestinians only through a very narrow prison, and it is a threat to prison, a security, and also like an enemy that he would never reconcile. remember when he came back from washington, d.c. in 1998 after he president clinton, al gore and arafat spent ten days at a plantation, coming back to israel he asked the settlers to make a palestinian state impossible and make peace impossible as much as they could. so between 1998 and two or three

always surrounded by arabs -- we live together with arabs. in looking back to my childhood, i always believed we can live together with the arabs. >> where was the village? >> the village was in the center of the country, not far from tel aviv, which is one of the main towns in israel. it was a small village. six families altogether it was very hard to cultivate, no water, for eight years, water had to be brought from the closest river, about six miles away. and then in the winter from the swamp, which was about three miles away. i would say a hard life. my father was a visionist. my father spoke about the avocado as the food of the future. they tried always to -- he recommended to others. he had a beautiful farm, of course. there were security problems. we had all the security problems nowadays you speak about. >> 61 years ago -- are you 61 years old? >> yes. >> when you were born, what land were you born into, and how much time -- can you remember the years before it became an actual country, in the 1948 decision? >> i remember in the 1940'

that is a very difficult process to do in the circumstances of the arab world.t had a perfect transition anywhere yet. they are all messy and difficult and there is active warfare in syria beyond the uprising into a proxy war of modern times. >> reporter: one of the problems in the process of transition what we are seeing time and time again is the idea of secularism and democracy banging heads with religious ideology and principals, isn't that one of the main problems we have been seeing? >> no. i think that's not a correct way to phrase it. the revolutions and not talking about secularism and democracy and talking about dignity and freedom and social justice and jobs. democracy, secularism and other things that come in the wake of a transition would be shaped by the people of those countries and these are not secular societies and these are deeply religious societies and trying to create governments that are secular in tunis for instance to a certain extent in egypt trying to separate the religious values of society from the instruments of governance and this

many people see this as an example for the rest of the arab world. i'm with al jazeera, tunis. >> reporter: and the iks e again shun diplomates kidnapped in libya have been freed and the rest will be released soon and captured on friday evening and saturday morning and it's not clear who kidnapped them. and al jazeera cannot report from cairo because our journalists have been detained, producers mahad and peter gr is este are in custody for 30 days and accused of spreading lies and joining a terrorist group and everything that al jazeera says are unfounded and to other journalists from sister channels are being held, a reporter and mohamed, the cameraman and both have been detained now for five months. antigovernment protesters in ukraine have just taken control of the justice ministry in the capitol and say they are going to use it as a shelter. the ministry is the third building to be occupied. it's several hundred meters from the protest site on independence square and opposition rejected the president's latest concession including government phys

population registry there are one hundred thirty five recognized nations people are listed as jews arab druze and more but never as israeli and the most seem ok with that it's semantics the meaning is the same the nation is the jewish nation and it has the jewish nation state both in the proclamation of independence and the un resolution of november the twenty one thousand nine hundred forty seven which says that a jewish state would be formed not an israeli one but if a person was to be identified as israeli in the national wage astri it would challenge the claim that israel is a jewish country something the supreme court is aware of as it is we have mary and a group of israelis petitioning for change there already is a lot. different about from an arab citizen this is something not accepted democratic we want the state to belong. to all of us but for now the supreme court has dismissed the case leaving the debate on what is an israeli open for years it was truly created by one of the country's greatest caricaturists camile goddaughter better known as dorsch but slick is clearly jewish

arabic for visit arabic. today's headlines and a roundup of the week's top stories live pictures now from independence square in central kiev where protesters are still holding strong we are of course watching very closely as the drama continues to unfold over that situation happening there serious leaders and rebels representatives hold their first talks since the start of the civil war are altered by diplomats as a major step forward. and we have to leave and we have to find peace of mind to conduct. as bullets fly overhead we visit a maternity unit in syria where mothers and doctors have chosen life in the face of the destruction that surrounds them. and deadly clashes across egypt and terror attacks in the capital mar the third anniversary of the revolution that toppled longstanding dictator hosni mubarak. watching our to international live from moscow studios i'm lindsey frank thanks for joining me around two hundred policemen be staged in a convention center in kiev have been allowed to leave the buildi

but it is a sign of racism against arabs. and so the situation is -- the situation is just getting worse and worse. so how can we stop that? >> i think that it is part of the situation that you described in this includes videos that i have shot inside tel aviv. and that the jewish youth are much more aggressively racist than the next generation and the older generation. and this is the founding generation, which is israel. and they were responsible for this campaign and they also had an idea of the national identity of the tribalistic with judaism. but the idea that this has been lost to the kind of military at idea and a majority of israeli individuals, and there are two factors, the israeli education

detroit arabic to find out more visit arabic t.v. . there were millions of dollars moving from a company in saudi arabia. pretty fruit it's a fruit company and they were sending money to. the leading members of the muslim brotherhood in yemen so this is what we see is allowing that in facilitating the that to happen here that causes political instability in the region and that causes i mean that's fine it's treason it's financing our enemies and what's crazy about it is that each p.c. admitted to the department of justice and to the world they've made it treason financing the enemy if you plead guilty to financing the enemy i don't think you should just walk with a fine that's not fine and let's kill. u.s. president barack obama's public opinion ratings are in the doldrums he may finish his days in office as one of the country's worst presidents how do historians and the public determine the success or failure of an american president and why are some presidents rehabilitated years or even decades after they leave office. according. to

in troy arabic to find out more visit arabic don't teach don't call. the egyptian government has vowed to use full force against the muslim brotherhood as the group calls for more protests that's after seventeen people were killed and over fifty wounded in nationwide clashes on friday alone the death toll is believed to be the highest for three months the government branded the muslim brotherhood a terrorist network last month but the group is refusing to back down calling on supporters to boycott the upcoming referendum on a new constitution journalist and author hugh miles believes egypt is at the threshold of more chaos. to the moment general sisi and his government. indications that they want to reconcile with the muslim brotherhood and they see in this very hall you know crowd around them. i mean one of the other side of the muslim brotherhood the supporters are a lot more to give out any time soon and the issue is that increasingly the center. position in egypt the people who. in the two thousand and eleven revolution joining up with the muslim b

stacy oh i see and a corporation counsel to the arab states of the gulf.eze will record upon oh but this isn't in a conference but we can all they can to assist the government of syria and the opposition to unite efforts review to eradicating terrorism i remind you that the g eight leaders called for this in the final communique of the duck and summit in middle of june two thousand and thirteen it augurs well for the work of the conference that has been progress achieved and destroying the syrian chemical weapons arsenal it is with so that when you put up with your human issue and know the cooperation between the syrian government. the u.n. resolutions this process and also the information of the agreements on the wing iranian nuclear program will be a real contribution to establishing a zone. of as an intimate place which is free from the n.t. words we are all for stepping up efforts to alleviate even a tear in situation in syria which will rebuild confidence as well in the area and this close will be because mentions with already two google groups we are

we're going back to a situation that we saw in 2007-2008 where the sunni arabs are themselves dividedand some of them are on the side of the government. >> ambassador jeffries, is this frustrating for to you see something like the precursor to the so-called sunni awakening that happened in the last decade? are we right back where we started from? >> this is a serious situation as my two colleagues have underlined. but at the same time there is still hope that the iraqis can work their way out of this as they've worked their way out of it in the past. this is not a shia-sunni civil warlike we see in syria. the shia population is not rising up against its sunni brethren. you have two or three-sided struggle between tribes and local police vaguely supporting al maliki, but also very unhappy with the steps that al maliki has taken. iraq is under tremendous pressure because of syria and foolish moves by the iraqi government, but it is still holding together as a constitutional construct. for example, they're working better together in some respects than they have in the past. >> both you a

the others are a reporter centre al jazeera arabic. they have been detained for five months now. >> the afghan president hamid karzai has long accused the united states of pushing him out of office. now he has a major voice backing the claim. the former u.s. secretary of defense. the allegations in gate's book is likely to strain ties between the two countries. >> it was an accusation dismissed as paranoia. during the election campaign in 2009. afghan president accused the u.s. of trying to get rid of him. >> there were a lot of stories in the british media of the plans in washington to bring a change into the structure of gompance in ag, to weaken the government of afghanistan and to go to the strong daylight in afghanistan and to put through them to afghanistan. >> now excerpts from u.s. defense secretary robert gates book is true. gates rights about special envoy, richard holbrook's attempts. holbrook and others extended support to many of hamid karzai's changes. the presidential palace's deputy spokesperson reacted with an, "i told

and rashid khalidi, arab studies professor at columbia university.re just talking about "the new york times and how they covered what happened at sabra shatila in the direct responsibility ariel sharon, from u.s. andnts ariel sharon responsibility. elaborate further on that and how his life is being described today in the same pages. >> i describe it as he is being turned from war criminal and muchmurderer into a god in of the american media. "the new york times" has played an enormous role in this. instead of, for example, running their own op-ed, which was published a little over a year ago, which lays out in damming detail from document in the israel state archives, israeli and american responsibility, for this massacre, they republished in the online edition yesterday in op-ed by sharon in which he justifies the war. it has been integrating spectacle to watch the american and israeli media turn this man into a man of peace, something he could never possibly have been described as. --why does professor professor avi shlaim, why does ariel sharon h

you have written for most arabs, mo no israeli is more synonymous with violence. why is that? >> because of israel's history in being involved in some of the more extreme actions. it's not just his leadership during, you know, on the battlefield in the conventional wars. it's his participation in unit 101 with the first special operations in the early 50s on which 56 palestinians were killed, most of them women and children, and, of course, the massacre in which hundreds if not thousands of palestinians were killed under his watchful eye and israel found him to be personally responsible, found the israel military indirectly but him to bear responsibility for that. those images of the bodies piled on top of each other defined his legacy, i think, for many arabs. but i do actually think that his real legacy is more complicated than that. >> there also came a point when sheron realized the conflict clearly had no military solution. and then he endorsed the sfwlus roadmap for peace in 2003. why the sudden change? >> well, i don't think it was sudden. i think it was gradual. you ha

this is all that we may expect in the arab world. and is it possible the state of israel will simply find the present situation untenable? that is that the state of israel is one or another way in its present form will cease to exist and many jews may leave and others may become a minority. but no reason, it seems to me, under this perspective to expect as the zionist ideology to maintain itself against the arabs and the world with boundaries and processes that as we know from the decline of americans are completely changing. >> thank you for that softball question. [laughter] two i think the question is what david patriot act paula broadwell. how does this all and? [laughter] >> because he recognized that he was involved in a doomed project and the structure that animates the state of israel and controls everyone through different varieties and means, it is a doomed project an optimistic project rooted in the 19th century settler colonial ideology that has very little place in the modern world. but it has not been exposed either. an