at the same time, the early progress is tended to argue -- progressives tended to argue will ought to be many more mechanisms for direct democracy people should be able to make their views known through referenda, the senate should be directly elected, and they believed that if this happened people would choose to be governed by experts. the constitutional system, i think it's fair to say, is opposed to both of these two ends. it doesn't trust the people, and it doesn't trust the experts. the constitution doesn't trust anybody. [laughter] it says let's assume everybody's wrong. what does a legitimate government look like then? i think that's one of the best things about the constitution because it's safe to assume that everybody's wrong. running a country's a very complicated thing and it's likely that everybody in a great public debate is at least partially wrong. and so we have a system that doesn't can allow us to make really big mistakes -- that doesn't allow us to make really big mistakes. but this is certainly drawn from the view that the potential for error is much greater than

that would argue this is themed. the commissions they find the individual issues are different the basic conditions are pretty similar, that you are trying to restore order in a very complex world, often with very few resources. >> or more information on the recent visit to corpus chri

i don't argue those things. i do argue that states and again i go on richard freeman for the empirical data on this states with stronger public unions tended to have higher levels of public debt. that's different from the deficit, different than the recession. so i don't argue that in the book. book. everyone got the message here take that away. to the gentleman's question, what i do find is you raise a really interesting question. there's an old in economics called a threat of the. so if one company firm is unionized and raises wages, surrounded firms will need to match in hopes of staving off a union drive. so those unions threat affects whether private sector unions could not only help the workers say and one plant but in surrounding workers my knowledge no economist or very few economists have found threat affects in the public sector. the public sector can raise wages and benefits, but it tends not to have any effect on the surrounding labor market. this goes back to a point that michael was a little confus

what do i argue? i try to make a conceptual, very important distinction between unions in the public and the private sectors. a lot of us, myself included came into this project thinking about unions as being sort of more older style industrial or craft unions guys in hard hats, steel toed boots, who worked difficult jobs and that was the image, romantic image many of us have, but that is not what the labor union movement looks like today. about half of the movement in 2009 for little why, a majority of members, were public employees, many of whom are relatively affluent with masters degrees or college degrees. so this distinction, public and private, i argue it can be made in a number of different ways why they are different. first is history. public employee unions have a different historical trajectory. private unions are governed by a national law. public-sector unions are governed by state law and local ordinances passed in the 1960's and 1970's. as private-sector unions have declined public unio

it's said that at one point, morgan locked them in while they argued over which firms to save.n played solitaire at his desk until they made their decision. morgan had saved the day as a grateful nation acknowledged but the panic's costs were high. it affected banks, businesses and personal lives including that of a disgraced, distraught charles barney, who killed himself. ironically the knickerbocker trust was not a bad bank. it reopened five months later. the people who frantically lined up here got most of their money back. the nation's bankers faced two important realities. could they allow the power to save the banking system to remain in the hands of a j.p. morgan? the bankers turned to the federal government. they accepted the need for a central bank. the other important reality was that despite all its inherent instability the bankers wouldn't give up fractional-reserve banking. economic analyst richard gill explains why. why bankers wouldn't want to give up a fractional-reserve system is pretty obvious. they make money by lending. is this somehow sinful? hardly. if the

i was ready to argue with any man who argued for slavery because you see, whether he was kind or whetheruel the slaveholder was a slaveholder. with every hour that he robbed a man of their rights, he was sharpening the knife of revenge. and speaking of the principles for which our country was founded, he spoke the very reasons that gave the slaves a right to rebel. i could not stop thinking of freedom and liberty. i heard freedom in every sound and saw it in every object. freedom shone from every star, it breathed in every wind. although i found a better life in baltimore, i did not find happiness because true happiness and slavery can never coincide. on a monday, the third day of september, 1838, i boarded a train to philadelphia. i arrived at afternoon in philadelphia and new york city the next morning, free, black, and 20 years old with my slave days behind me. i have heard of the abolitionist movement as a child in baltimore but i did not know of the work that they did until i read my first copy of "the liberator." is paper found a place in my heart second only to the bible. for the

we don't argue there is one silver bullet. our point is that every child is different, so let's allow the parents to make the best decisions for their sons and daughters. they know the needs of their children best. i know there is fierce resistance to this idea. we had, for example, the union leader in louisiana that said parents don't have a clue when it comes to making choices for their kids. i find this offensive and the exact opposite of the approach that we need if we are going to change education. the second thing is the quality of the teaching. we need to change how we put great teachers in classrooms. lower barriers to entry, higher barriers to retention. we need to move away from these union dominated of paying, hiring, and firing that are rewarding teachers based on how long they are breathing rather than how well they are doing. i don't repeat the data of what a great teacher can do to improve lives. there are great things we can do to improve, reward, and encourage the best teachers and keep them in our children's

his argue. in a nutshell was that slavery, violence all regrettable things but none of them took place entirely in isolation from political context, from personal graft, et cetera, et cetera, social bias, what have you and therefore you can't lay any of these purely at the foot of capitalism, and the reviewer finished with a quip capitalism hasn't been tried and failed but simply hasn't been tried. it seems to me i hear echos of this basic form of argument all the time from chicago school of economics, recent magazine that time of thing. might have even anticipated it a little but the your last answer. just wondered if you could clarify for me the logic of the argument, how your book aims to go beyond it or transcend it through historical research. >> just summarized what you see as that core argument? >> if negative effects don't follow from capitalism alone but only capitalism in conjunction with government interference, we have no way of isolating the effects of capitalism from the effects of

>> as a society, i would argue we have not done as much as we could have. you have had less innovations in energy and biotechnology, and not as many as we would like, transportation, it is not moving any faster. >> one thing you would learn from entrepreneurs is don't copy mark zuckerberg and bill gates, why not? >> the next mark zuckerberg won't be starting a social networking site. the next bill gates won't be starting an operating system, and so in some sense you cannot copy them because they did not copy somebody else. >> you also suggest that they come up with one very important truth that very few people agree with you on. why is finding something nobody agrees with you on the best way to get somebody to believe in you? >> i think great companies have a sense of mission. they have a sense of where a good investor has a patent and has good technology, and that is the best kind of investment to have. >> you say google is a monopoly? >> it is. they do not talk about the 98% of revenue that comes from search, which is where they have a monopoly. they focu

the army would argue, would've argued at the time that they don't have nearly enough men to do the things they're supposed to do as effectively and as efficient as they could have. but the american people again didn't see it that way. although they certainly welcome the army's presence. >> the army is often placed in the middle of two competing interests. for example, the army often sees itself as being in the middle of american indians and non-indians who want to take that indian land. that it goes beyond just the indian-non-indian issue. for example, in the 1880s in wyoming of all places to are some riots where local workers are opposed to the introduction of chinese immigrants who are coming to do various tasks. and the army gets called in to restore order and there's this wonderful scene in the book where you have the chinese console from seven cisco, the chinese consul from new york, a translator and two army officers meeting in rock springs wyoming, trying to protect the chinese immigrants, trying to restore order. and so the army is placed in all sorts of difficult balancing act. a

in doing so they narrated a southern nationalism, one that conceded confederate service while arguing that such service or support was an expression of the allegiance to the loftiest ideals. the restrictions imposed by the 14th amendment constituted an infringement of the political and civil rights of white men. its reach was not limited to those residing in the south. petitions for release came from california to the state of new york and everywhere in between. the crisis that emerged in the wake of the amendment ratification was a national crisis, and american crisis. not merely a regional one, attracting attention commentary, and often rebuke from all corners of the nation. much of this rebuke not surprisingly stemmed in large part from southern democratic corners. from the proposal of the introduction of june 1866, the republicans understood section three to be a necessary compromise in the quest to deal fairly and justly with those who had waged war against the nation. after having taken a note to -- an oath to protect it especially. democrats understood section three as a bar to

i would argue where u.s. sign remember command -- as many of you may be aware, i am both the commander of the united states cybercommand. so an operational organization within the department of defense. as charged with defending the department's networks as well as if directed defending critical infrastructure in the united states. that's my u.s. cybercommand role. in addition i'm also the director of the national security agency. in that role two primary missions. one is foreign intelligence. and the second is information assurance. given the cyberdynamics we're seeing in the world around us today that information assurance mission becoming more and more critical importance. so discussion in the past about a year ago now little bit longer, about so should you separate these two jobs? should you have an operational kind of individual running u.s. cybercommand and then have an intelligence kind of individual running n.s.a.? the decision was made at the time which i fully supported it when i was asked as being

this was true even in cases of treason were hamilton argued that substantive and procedural concerns militated in favor of investing the executive of the power of reprieve. even as late as 1862, as the war was underway, congress had enacted legislation reinforcing this constitutional structure and authorizing the president of the united states to extend amnesty to persons who have participated in rebellion. this procedure written into section three for the removal of political disabilities marked a significant and mysterious departure in the adjudication of claims of amnesty under our constitutional system. subsequent legislation purporting to relieve all the select few persons reinforced the singularity of the provisions. there was no judicial pronouncement about the mandate about what the mandate meant or how it should be applied. this was part of a constitutional amendment. one might expect there to be an on high determination of what the amendment means. the vacuum that i have described to you lead to significant mass confusion. petitioner's entreaties invent a widespread belief

the judge said that he was the driving force behind sharia law in belgium. >> the court argued that the group is a terrorist organization that brainwashes young men into fighting in syria. 55 young men were found guilty of terror related offenses. most are believed to still be fighting in syria and were tried in abstention of -- in absentee ia. you heard the verdict when it was announced in antwerp. what was the reaction? was it expected, the verdict? >> i think it was expected, by many here, particularly if you see this people before the trial who have said that it is a terrorist organization and an organization that is to be blamed for so many young people from belgium to syria -- 1/10 is what the prosecutors said, of the 350 people who traveled to syria and been motivated by this group to go to syria. >> given that, what are belgian parties doing to contain this islamist threat? >> the belgian government is currently looking into a range of things they could do. one idea is to strip citizens who returned from syria of their citizenship. they will be looking into how they can deploy t

i argue that you know, i knew there are anomalies. but i don't necessarily think that going to an ivy league school is the pitfall. there are many non-ivy leagues that are preprofessional. you don't have a business, you don't have a preprofessional track. i think in liberal arts institution actually does force you how to think and think about larger problems and you're not necessarily shepherded and led in different directions as nonivy league schools. i think it takes a little bit of soul searching who you want to represent as a university as your school and as a student what you're looking to achieve and do you have enough courage to follow what you're called to do. >> we see this nuanced debate with our very own ray suarez, my own kid got an education at one of those places, he humbly bragged. and andrew prang, bill's piece seems to focus on the structure and the strength of the ivy league schools sucks the forward out of these children. do these terrified insecure children who become these insecure terrified men who follow a narro

the roman catholic archdiocese is arguing that the opt out still violates their religious belief by making them complicit in providing coverage to a third-party. this oral argument is 45 minutes. >> >> they have all rejected the same claim. the religious exercise is substantially burden combination that allows them to opt out of providing contraceptive coverage and instead require an incentivize third parties to step in and by the coverage. as the d.c. circuit recently explained, the objectives here are the government's independent axes them everything coverage. >> can i ask a question about the exemption which art exists for religious institutions? i just want to know how it is working. how do those employees get contraceptive coverage if they wanted? >> the employer says that -- the employees of religious employers are not currently receiving coverage under these regulations . we have planned to expectedly exempt those that would receive coverage. >> so the institution is exempt, their employees don't get covered at all? >> under the religious employer exemption that exist, that is based

as some of them have argued, this is -- john kasich argues this is money we are paying in. we want to take it back out. you do bring up a good point on the other hand some governors are passing on what democrats argue is free money. host: 31 republican governors after the november elections. 18 democratic governors and one independent. 68 republican state legislators 30 democrats. what is it like with a rash of new governors elected? how has the landscape changed? guest: it has consolidated for republicans. 23 have republican control of the state legislature. public and control 16 state legislative chambers. that republicans control 16 state legislative chambers. they are in a great spot to pass policies they believe in. there are struggling to make their case in kansas. governor brownback has cut taxes. it has not boosted the economy. he argues, we just need some time in this will trickle down eventually. it has only been two years. host: there was a story this morning about the wisconsin legislature passing the right work. guest: right to work has been big. host: from ohi

and i'm trying to argue for the opposite point of view. >> but the problems, some would argue, that thereligion be dominant in a secular society? >> i mean, we have to be very clear about that. i mean one of the great achievements of the enlightenment in europe and the united states is the separation of church and state. and there can be no negotiation about these principles. that's a foundation of our society. >> this is "talk to al jazeera." we'll have more in a minute. >> rain pryor >> everyone wants to be that thing... and i'm not that thing i'm like hello... i'm me... >> surviving a chaotic childhood >> i'm like dad... they're hookers in this house... >> ...and breaking free and following her own path >> when you come to a show of mine... someone in that audience didn't like what i just said... >> every sunday, join us for exclusive... revealing... and surprising talks with the most interesting people of our time... talk to al jazeera part of our special black history month coverage on al jazeera america >> welcome back to "talk to al jazeera." i'm antonio mora. my guest flemming r

they are arguing that they are not a party in this conflict or in this war, that they are only trying to broker and bring about peace for eastern ukraine. but think basically, we are seeing so many times that they have some influence, we have seen that in minsk, when it was cutin who pushed hard to make the pro-russian rebels to sign the agreement last week. >> thank you very much. sorry we cannot bring you kia that the moment. vladimir putin is visiting hungary. >> putin first pay tribute to the soldiers that defeated hungary's nazi occupiers. the russian president then met the hungarian prime minister for talks on energy issues. yes faced heavy criticism from within the european union for his perceived closeness with putin. >> russian backed forces are poised to take debaltseve. the russian president is an hungry. could you tell us what is vladimir putin's strategy when it comes to hungary and the eu? >> letterman -- vladimir putin's visit caught the government by surprise. he invited himself to hungary. he said he would like to come a few weeks after chancellor merkel and the gover

and i'm trying to argue for the opposite point of view. >> but the problems, some would argue, that thereligion be dominant in a secular society? >> i mean, we have to be very clear about that. i mean one of the great achievements of the enlightenment in europe and the united states is the separation of church and state. and there can be no negotiation about these principles. that's a foundation of our society. >> this is "talk to al jazeera." we'll have more in a minute. >> welcome back to "talk to al jazeera." i'm antonio mora. my guest flemming rose who published the controversial cartoons of the prophet muhammed in 2005. >> what would you say to the enormous majority of muslims who repudiated the paris attack who said it was a horror but say that they can't stand with charlie, that freedom of speech has to come with responsibilities? >> i would quote aryeh neier who used to be the president of the aclu here. he, as a holocaust survivor, defended the right of marxists to march through skokie in illinois in 1977, and he wrote a very good book called “defending my enemy” _ that is, yes

>> yes, it can be argued you have post-traumatic stress disorder. yes, it can mean people visually think something's amiss with you. i think in this case what they're going to do -- and that's the legal standard in texas, do you know what you're doing is wrong. but i think what they're going to do is use that text message as corroboration for everything else like what? like the fact that he was in and out of mental institutions. like the fact that just before the killing, he was released and his family wanted him to stay there. like the fact that when he showed up at his sister's house, he said, yes he did something that was wrong, but at the same time, the sister was even saying, this guy is nuts. so i think the experts will bring all that to bear to suggest this guy is legally insane. >> so danny nailed it and taught our audience how the principle was adopted from england and we use it here, but texas went further. they made it tougher. >> it's very confusing. the original test required either/or. either you didn't understand what you were doing w

we argued there is one silver bullet. it may be a child will benefit from a charter school, private school, public school, on line schooling, dual enrollment, every child is different so let's allow parents to make the best decisions for their sons and daughters. they know the needs of their children best. there's fierce resistance to this it and we document the union leader in louisiana who said parents don't have a clue when it comes to making choices for their kids. i find this offensive and the opposite of the approach we need if we are going to change and improve education. secondly we say we need to empower teachers. one of the most important determinants to the child's education in a classroom is quality of teachers. we have high barriers to entry and lower barriers to attention. the exact opposite of what we need to be doing when it comes to putting a teacher in every classroom. lower barriers to entry, higher barriers to retention and we need to move away from union dominated scales of paying and hiring and firin

i would argue most muslims in the world argue this is a perversion of the faith.t really in dispute. isis is able to attract recruits and followers because they're presenting a geopolitical reality. the united states is in bed with iran to murder and ethnically cleanse sunni muslims. doesn't matter what you call them. it's not going to change the conspiracy they're selling. >> all right. many thanks to both of you. great to see you guys. >>> another story that we're following today in eastern ukraine. diplomats are trying to hold together is cease-fire that has been severely tested by ongoing fighting. the railroad hub of debaltseve has been the focus of much of the violence. today, nick payton walsh was able to return to the city after a two-week absence. he found destruction on a wide scale. many residents looking for a safe place to stay after their homes were destroyed. russian separatists now control the city after ukrainian forces pulled out on wednesday. >> up next, the bizarre things the defendant said and did leading up to killing the american sniper cert

we don't argue there is one silver bullet. it may be that a child will benefit from a charter school private school, public school. our.is every child is different. different. let's allow the parents to make the best decisions the union leader and louisiana that said i find this offensive in the exact opposite of the approach we need if we we will change and improve education. we say that we need to empower teachers. one of the most important determinants is the quality. high barriers to entry, low barriers for attention. that is the exact opposite of what we need to be doing. we need lower barriers to entry, higher barriers to retention. the union dominated scales that are basically rewarding teachers based upon how long they are reading. what a great teacher can do to improve the prospects for a student. we all remember that great teacher that made a great difference in our lives. recruit the best professionals, teachers, and keep them in our children's classrooms. third and finally, we need to take power away from the feder

she argued with routh the morning of the murders. the night before she says he was paranoid and hadn't showered in weeks. "they are listening to us," he told her, and asked her to write down her thoughts so the government wouldn't hear them. weed also told the jury that two weeks before routh held her and a roommate hostage with a decorative ninja sword and a butcher erer knife. he told her, "people were out to get us. we needed to stay in the apartment." routh was arrested and put back in a menthospital. eddie routh's sister testified about her little brother's history of erratic behavior. she recounted that he visited husband. they called 911. >> listen my broerl just came by here. he told me that he's committed a murder. >> reporter: before he left and led police on this high speed chase, she told her brother, "i love you, but i hate your demons." they say justice is southwest here in texas, and this case is moving fast. the judge says testimony could end as soon as friday then closing arguments monday. david? >> ryan owens tonigh

arguing the u.s. should not overreach or make decisions based on fear and it should try to avoid acting on its own. his national security advisor susan rice argued it's working. >> think for a minute where the world would be without decisive american leadership. ebola would be spreading throughout west africa and likely to far corners of the world. without us russia would be suffering no cost for its actions in ukraine. without us there would be no military campaign or 60 countries countering i.s.i.l.'s advance snrp she went. she went on to detail priorities stopping the spread of nuclear weapons energy, propping up failed states. the length of the list is a problem in and of itself. >> it's prioritization. strategy is saying x is more important than y so i'm going to focus my resources there. who we are we avoid those choices in our foreign policy a lot and the documents tend to justify rather than cause foreign policy outcomes. >> what's clear from the latest strategy despite his critics the preside

arguing that none of those should be tolerated under the first amendment. i felt one of the interesting things about today's argument was justice scalia's repeated references to dignity. and back in old-fashioned america, we used to think dignity was worth something. you know, that it mattered. that the -- that the people that we placed in office or in other positions of trust could be seen in that way. in most of this litigation dignity has been not just this case but in the field in general dignity's been brushed aside as having no consequence of any value. and, indeed in most of these briefs, there are a number of briefs in which the claim is made that public confidence is not a particularly compelling state interest either. which is sort of second cousin to that idea. it seems to me that what justice scalia might do is connect the notion of dignity to the entitlement to due process. that's what's at stake. it isn't sort of what thank you notes or good, bad or indifferent. it is whether you create circumstances under which individual litigants can walk i

a voice in theory and treated equally if we're not arguing about the right thing an educational they are your beertd equipped we'd appreciate if you could help to educate the parents of the city i hear it from other persons 23 they don't understand what a good job they need to know that and a lot of the parent do as well thank you so you so iowa's as we wrap up this topic a curriculum meeting on monday 6 clock on the math common core 3 last speakers former superintendent amos brown. >> thank you members of the board i do believe i wrote a book entitled safe age inequality that is happening in the educational system in america because of our having two separate tracks for our students and i will remind you that blacks basically are not on any track and if we put on tracks we 3450u7b9 dump down the educational system set high standards if we set the standards and the teachers and parent focus on the time and task eventually our students will measure up let's not create a two-track system that harkens back to the day of equal but separate and never was equal thank you reverend brown. >>

>> that you argue would be a waste of time?> i think the problem's too big. >> when you address cpac, all of these conservatives say we got to get tough, tough, tough, tough, tough. what does that mean? >> have a thing. we bombed libya four years ago. made libya worse. we've now made libya a country in which it's impossible to live as a christian. let's think carefully before we get involved in complicated military and social issues. this isis threat across that whole region is a real, genuine evil. it won't be beaten by conventional warfare in a short turned period of time. >> thank you very much. good seeing you. >> thank you. >>> questions for washington as legals go nowhere. this father wants to know why we can't at least get ones with a criminal record out of there. >> he was released from the county jail the day before he executed my son. why was this violent illegal alien allowed to walk the streets of america instead of being deported? sometimes romantic. there were tears in my eyes. and tears in my eyes. and so many li

the criterion i would argue is if the user that then they would argue things like why do we maintain fingerprints? if you couldn't reach me by that collecting fingerprints in and of itself would forestall criminal activity, why would you do that? >> but we don't -- i would argue that's not the criteria. >> don't you think there's a higher standard because we don't think that everyone in the room. he fingerprints when you have a reason to fingerprint. >> if you look for example, at the not think the information retained -- >> global entry. let me ask you this and because the reason i started the question by saying a privacy concern for a moment, because its officials from inside the national security, not industry, but institutions of government fbi and others were concerned that they will lose the tools that they find extremely useful, tangible ability to go after hotel records, et cetera, in the battle to maintain phone metadata collection which day, i speaking only fbi officials rather than myself, say, see it as less important. >> to be honest i've never heard that argument. we ta

would that argue win today? >> he'll make some trimmings to it changes to it. >> did the american people get it? >> i think the american people, most of them have gotten it but this crowd around the president, the president himself does not get it. reality didn't make much of a dent on these people. one thing you have to note is the jobs have been created until very recently were low paying jobs. that's because the benefits were cut. you went out and took what you could get. >> we can compare various counties with other counties because unemployment benefits very often are local as well. >> that's right. princeton did a study with stockholm university and they found when the benefits went up, the job searches went down. long term jobs benefits we all want to help people, it's not a long term economic policy. look at l.a. they had a 17% jobless lessless rate. they lost two major companies since 2011. you look at fdr, the unemployment rate was still around 17% with his policies. >> getting back to my question, i'm

i would also argue that depending on the iraqis to battle what isis going on in iraq is one thing, but isis, as we have seenn recent months, really is appealing to a broader crowd. people in france. people in australia. undertaking things because they have seen what isis is capable of doing. i would encourage you not to limiyour thinking to iraq. >> doeoesn't that mark a fundamental shift in the structure of this conflict? you never would have thought that coptic christians weree going to get killed in libya but that is what happened. >> it also suggest that the milita lens -- suggests that the military lenis not to be lens to use exclusively. this i is a much more comprehensive fig.. >> but the fundamental problem is that a lot of the natio we are supposedlyy aligned with, the saudi's, the uae there are a lot of pro-extremist elements in those countries. >> absolutely,nd getting those allies to clearly oppose isis or silence those parts of their society that support isis is a crucial part of the strategy. >> the addministration has, for years, been adamant that a ssad cannot survive.

. >> reporter: the defense claiming ralph is not guilty by reason of insanity, arguing ptsd from his time in the military made him turn the gun on two men trying to help him. >> when he took their lives, he was in the grip of a psychosis. >> reporter: first to take the stand, chris kyle's widow tea. she isn't buying ralph's defense. today in court she said as much with tears as she did with words. while the judge has banned audio recordings of witnesses, my colleague ryan owens is in the courtroom. >> one of the prosecutor's first questions, who were you married to? tea could barely whisper the words "chris kyle." >> reporter: a wife's plea to the jury made up mostly of women, ten women, two men. >> i'd be far more concerned about the fact that it's ten texans than ten women. texas is not where you want to be presenting an insanity defense if you're the defendant. >> is it enough for the defense to say there's evidence of this guy was mentally ill, for him to therefore not be held responsible for the deaths? >> not enough to just say he was mentally ill. you have to be able to demons

they were arguing in spanish. and the suspect pulled out a gun and fired three to four rounds hitting both victims. >> the suspect then headed south on cap street. the two men who were shot are now at san francisco general hospital. the wounds are reported to be life-threatening. >>> president obama is talking more directly about links between islam and terrorism. mr. obama spoke at a white house summit yesterday on countering violent extremism. he said muslims in the u.s. and around the world have a responsibility to counter perceptions that terror groups speak for them. he added, quote, we are not at war with islam. we are at war with people who have perverted islam. >>> the vatican has done something it's never done before offering a group of gay and lesbian catholics vip seats to the pope's weekly general audience. but as the vatican monsignor read out the list of groups in attendance yesterday, he did not acknowledge the group. still, some advocates credit pope francis for showing a new openness to homosexual

we don't argue there is one silver bullet.ur point is that every child is different, so let's allow the parents to make the best decisions for their sons and daughters. they know the needs of their children best. i know there is fierce resistance to this idea. we had, for example, the union leader in louisiana that said parents don't have a clue when it comes to making choices for their kids. i find this offensive and the exact opposite of the approach that we need if we are going to change education. the second thing is the quality of the teaching. we need to change how we put great teachers in classrooms. lower barriers to entry, higher barriers to retention. we need to move away from these union dominated of paying, hiring, and firing that are rewarding teachers based on how long they are breathing rather than how well they are doing. i don't repeat the data of what a great teacher can do to improve lives. there are great things we can do to improve, reward and encourage the best teachers and keep them in our children's cla

no one disputes that routh killed sniper chris kyle and chadlittlefield but his attorneys argue he's not guilty by reason of insanity. joining me from are the courthouse is charles hadlock. what have we heard from the defense so far in this case? >> reporter: ronan, the defense the trying to paint a picture of a man who is disturbed and haunted by a psychosis that drove him to the brink of killing two men because he didn't know what he was doing was wrong. that is the picture they are trying to paint. the prosecution admits that eddie ray routh had some mental issues perhaps, but they did not rise to the level of insanity perhaps that his -- his actions were driven by a use of drugs and alcohol that was testified to in the trial. what they are trying to do is give the jury an option of sending this man away for the rest of his life in prison or the option of sending him away to a mental hospital for the rest of his life by finding him not guilty by reason of insanity. that's the decision that the jury will have to make. they will get this case perhaps as early as monday. ronan? >> ch

you argue jonas if we let them go, it's just like letting prisoners go in the united states. oftentimes they go back and commit crimes. >> i don't want to sound like an attorney. when we let anybody out of jail some will do more crimes. if we never let people out of jail we would all be safer. at some point you've got to let people out of prison. now there are other things to do, track them, know who they are calling, put chips in them. i don't know what. there's got to be something better than clocking away $3 million a year per person in the caribbean. >> out the front door gitmo, into the back door of terrorism again. their aim is to kill americans. >> i agree with you. i want to take issue with one thing jonas said. that's not the way america is. i think we have the highest incarceration percentage of any country out there. note to sound like an aclu lawyer, but we have a lot of people in prison. at some point we've got to let them out. your point is when prisoners get let out, are they going to create more terrorist action. is that harmful than the other guy let out of a

and at the very least not murder them. >> reporter: the defense argues the system may have failed him. >> eddie ralph was suffering from a severe mental disease that he did not know his conduct was wrong. >> reporter: however eddie ray ralph's trial ends the debate over ptsd mental health, the high price our veterans pay, all will linger a long time, as will the legacy of chris kyle the american sniper who risked his life to serve his country. a story more compelling than any hollywood could produce. i'm byron pitts for "nightline" in new york. >>> up next on "nightline," what kevin costner, who played whitney houston's bodyguard, said today about houston's daughter bobbi kristina, now fighting for her life. and why this is now a confirmed criminal investigation.ne) is proven to help people quit smoking. chantix helped reduce my urge to smoke. some people had changes in behavior, thinking or mood hostility, agitation, depressed mood and suicidal thoughts or actions while taking or after stopping chantix. some people had seizures while taking chantix. if you have any of these stop chan

thursday she took the stand in her own defense arguing that she never intended to do harm and thought the procedures that she was performing was safe. she told the court that she received training from a doctor in thailand and he assured her it was safe. she said that she feels great remorse over the death but argued she should not be held criminally liable. the on the stand she said quote my motto was i want to help people. it wasn't about the money. i made money but i just wanted to help people. she went on to say that when i heard that claudia died it was the worst day of my life. claudia was a great girl. i never meant for anything pad to happen to her. now prosecutors alleged that winslow actually falsely presented herself as a nurse practitioner to her clients and that she was full a wear of the dangers involve in these procedures. if she's convicted, winslow faces up to 40 years, in prison. we are live from center city, matt rivers for cbs-3 "eyewitness news". >>> septa's regional rail in montgomery county has resumed operations, hours after down wires brought the the train to