muslims were theones who inherited works of aristotle, plato and other greek philosophers . translated them into arabic which was one of the world greatest intellectual endeavors because until that time, cultures were not that much intractable with each other so that created the islamic situations openness because they didn't think we are muslims so we have always them we have, not just scientific but also ethical. they got a guy named aristotle, no matter he might be an infidel might have ethical wisdom, might have wisdom about the natural order of the world. this was i emphasized allowed by a theological outlook which says that religion indicatestruth . that are also discoverable by other truths. but ultimately what became more dominant in the sunni itradition and symbolized by the two orthodoxies i'm criticizing in the book was no, religion doesn't indicates truth, religion constitutes them so there's no wisdom beyond islam. why would you care about what the greek philosophers say? maybe a few things like logic is synthesis but ultimately that stagnated the idea that you

i love that you brought up aristotle. you're speaking my language and i loved seeing aquinas in this book. i feel like i'm always the person who's bringing up aristotle. so it feels really wonderful to be in conversation with someone who's thinking about aristotle, i love then it can became ethics. anyway one of the things i wanted to ask you. so in your in your life is a journalist. you do a lot of interviews and and you do a lot of interviews for this book and i wondered if in talking to all the different people that you did talk to for this book if there was a person an interview that you did that really stuck with you that. you want to talk about now that you feel you felt was a really important part of the book when you were writing it. oh wow. well universal say one thing if you write us about sex. if you're writing a book about sex or even if you're just writing on these topics, at least i found that people just tell you things. sometimes it's an interviews, but sometimes many times actually people just seek you ou

aristotle often a philosopher. taylor. in this way. intellectual the islamic tradition are pulling the jewish community in the christian community. then comes the tragedy is greatest all of his words burned. i scarcely know what's in question to ask about that i'm invited to comment on that light, we're nearing the point starting questions from our audience. for sure. i would like at one just said about losing minds and late medieval. i just want this can happen any civilization at any time if you think we know everything government from outside group, any tradition can stagnate. kind of movements that aref called nativism in the west today i think has the potential to relief. initiating decline of civilization that say. it is not there are specific to islam. there human traits lead to progress in toleration for their seven human traits go against them. and i see this badly at some point in trying to criticize them. but this does not mean the same problems are not found on the world today. they are in english and s

the dormouse family is one of the most ancient groups of modern rodents, described at one time by aristotle. today it has 28 species common from the volga to the pyrenees, belarus accounted for four of them, the hazel forest garden and push, and at least, as scientists say, sonya is found in all regions of our republic. it is extremely difficult to see an animal. very rare this red book in general, these rodents fully correspond to their name, firstly, due to the fact that they are predominantly nocturnal life. secondly, only during the day the quiet hour is not limited to sleep, sony also sleeps from september to april for seven, or even nine , falls into hibernation. the smallest sonya oreshnikova living on the territory of belarus is also called a muzhlovka. this is a charming, little baby the size of a little more than a djungarian hamster resembles a mouse and can easily fit in the palm of a person, huge black eyes, beads, long fluffy mustache. yes, the grip of the paw with tiny claws is all about sonya on the top of her ears are small round and interesting, they are in constant motion

was built, but in 1474 it was destroyed by an earthquake, then tsar ivan iii invited the italian aristotle, a romantic genius architect and engineer. ferovani was famous for its bridges throughout europe, he was the first to be able to transfer buildings for strength. he put the cathedral on oak piles, connected the masonry of white stone with brick, made cross vaults. external feovance. i took the assumption cathedral in vladimir as a model. nu inside opened the entire volume of the cathedrals and everything. it was the first time in russia the cathedral of the assumption in the kremlin became the main cathedral of all russia emperors were crowned crowned here, prayer services were served in honor of the dinner of russian weapons phenol at that time, half of the patients after surgery died from blood poisoning. doctors even thought that pus was good for listers when he read the works louis pasteur on microbes that cause disease. he began to maintain perfect cleanliness in the operating room and apply dressings soaked in a weak solution of phenol to wounds. the death rate dropped sharply,

we have the wi fi til islam. joining us from binah, aristotle, sticking to the topic of a hinge, a refugee camps in bangladesh. i wonder will bachelor's visit, really have an impact? and what can she realistically do to help in the 1st of a visit by you in the right, steve to a bunger, this michelle bottle. it arrived in taco on sunday and already held meetings with several ministers and activists on issues related to human rights violations. she is visiting the ruin graffiti camps in cost budget. today, that visit is taking place just a few days before the 5th anniversary of the massive ruin guy exodus from me and michael bunger this, it was sparked by your military crack gun by me and martin, who is to the you and called it text book example of ethnic cleansing, bungler, this has sort bachelor's help to the patriot ruin yet refuses to myanmar. and she has reportedly issue to the u. s. continued efforts to realize the safe and voluntary return of dirty food is to me on more. and as you mentioned, her multi day trip is not exclusively about their hinges. what else is she looking at and wha

was built, but in 1474 it was destroyed by an earthquake, then tsar ivan iii invited the italian aristotlerilliant architect and engineer, the feovance was famous for its bridges throughout europe, he was the first to be able to move buildings for strength. he put the cathedral on oak piles , connected the masonry of white stone with brick, made cross vaults. external romance. i took the assumption cathedral in vladimir as a model, but inside i opened the entire volume of the cathedrals, and that’s it. it was the first time in russia that the assumption cathedral in the kremlin became.

and as aristotle noticed, more vapor equals more clouds, equals more rain.fall evenly. this map shows how supervision will change as the climate it's up. regions in purple will get more rain, those in orange less. now compare it with this other map. these red dots point at areas that are already experiencing water scarcity today. dry areas like the middle east and california will see even less rainfall. other countries like india will have more rain in the monsoon season, but less in the dry season, when people need it most. this will make desalination even more popular. boiling billions of liters of water takes a lot of energy. >> in the middle east, the availability of oil, especially fossil fuels, makes the thermal processes cheaper, but for other types it can be 25-30 times more expensive. >> but that energy doesn't have to come from fossil fuels. a startup in berlin has a sustainable alternative. >> so the water comes from the borehole tank to the system. and after that, it's going through the booster pump. it's a clean, desalinated water, with green en

as the climate warms, more water will evaporate, and as aristotle noticed more vapor equals, more clouds equals more rain. but that rain won't call evenly. this map shows how precipitation will change as the climate heat up. regions in purple will get more rain, those in orange less now compare it with this other map. these red dots indicate areas that are already experiencing water scarcity today. dry areas like hal fornia and the middle east will have even less rainfall. other countries like india, will have more rain in the monsoon season, but less in the dry season when people need it most. this will make desalination even more popular. mm. boiling billions of leaders of water takes a lot of energy released deer visibility of oil, and especially fossil fuse makes the thermal process is cheaper. but for other types it could be, i think, 25 or 30 times more expensive. but that energy doesn't have to come from fossil fuels. ah, start up in berlin has a sustainable alternative. the water comes from the bowl, sorry for the system. and after that is gone through the booster bomb with 14 by

aristotle is very clear about it.e makes a crisp distinction between what he describes as mere cleverness and practical wisdom. and i just love that phrasing of it and i will be frank, i think the supreme court is packed with mere cleverness. i mean that bipartisan and with all due respect to their accomplishments, which i could never match. but practical wisdom comes from lived experience doing lots of different things with lots of different people and i just think this collection of justices is less likely to have that than previous collections. susan: we have about 10 minutes left. returning to the attributes of diversity you measured -- you mentioned, when you looked at geographic diversity, what did you find in your study? prof. barton: geographic diversity has gone down and part of that is by design. as i said, washington was very interested in geographic diversity and actual seats on the supreme court would be linked to a circuit because they had to ride circuit there. and so the people would come from there. s

and as aristotle noticed more vapor equals more clouds equals more rain. but that rain won't call evenly. this map shows how precipitation will change as the climate heat up. regions in purple will get more rain, those in orange less. now compare it with this other map. these red dots indicate areas that are already experiencing water scarcity today. dry areas like hal fornia and the middle east will have even less rainfall. other countries, like india, will have more rain in the monsoon season, but less in the dry season when people need it most. this will make desalination even more popular. with boiling, billions of leaders of water takes a lot of energy released. dear visibility of oil and especially fossil fuse makes the thermal process is cheaper. but for other types it could be, i think, 25 or 30 times more expensive. but that energy doesn't have to come from fossil fuels. ah, start up in berlin has a sustainable alternative. the water comes from the bowl, sorry for the system. and after that is gone through the booster bomb with 14 by the water is

like aristotle and the founding fathers, politics is rooted in human nature, a reflection of human nature. just has a different conception of human nature than aristotle or the founding fathers indecision chapter 6, to hold your district, study human nature and act accordingly. there's only one way to do it, study human nature and react accordingly, you study human nature in books. books is a hindrance more than anything else. if you've been to college so much the worse for you. you have to unlearn are you learned and the learning takes time. some men can never forget what they learned in college. some may be district leaders by a fluke. to learn real human nature you have to go out among the people, see and to be seen. every man, woman and child, i know some of them too. i know what they like, don't like, i reach them by approaching the right side. for instance here's how i gather in the young men. i hear of a young fellow who thinks he can sing songs. i asked him to join ugly club, he comes and sings, the young fella has a reputation as a baseball player in a vacant lot. i bring them to

door was paid on a j, a william law to heaters meetings with their answers. podium, logo a puerto aristotle controller finance. those funds that are near youth, premier thought machine your, me at the club, you have to live in lucel doff the were proposing your bullying thing to towards the gun you're starting to possibly, but almost new barza just to run small doors can be pseudo video and there are getting shifting of the islam revolution was a response to earlier events, but 3 decades, washington and london, tainted terms to tehran, preventing it from extracting oil on its own territory. after the nationalization of iranian oil, the british government and the american government created the quote election 50 they will as to legally elected government of i'm not positive. so for a while lesson oil companies was controlling resources. and this is a historical fact that he didn't know how much it was when got the wrong. got its blank gold bank, but those exist to technology and legal markets. the country found itself in a decades long blockade, suffering wave after wave of sanctions. the be

dog patronage a year long to hear his meetings with the around 6 boys over him over here a puerto aristotle controller finance folksongs are near youth premier machine. you, me at the club, you have to deal with lucel dawson the were proposing your bully, the thing to, to, to words are yet the green. you're starting to post it, but almost new bothered reject. the wrongful dollars can be sued or ginger, or didn't you. the slamming revolution was a response to earlier events. a 3 decades washington and london dictated terms to, to iran, preventing it from extracting oil on its own territory. after the nationalization of iranian oil, the british government and the american government created the cool 1950. they will have to legally elected government up by my boss. i did. so for a while, listen, oil companies was controlling you and resources, and this is a historical fact that, you know, i didn't know how much one was when got their own, got its blank gold bank. but those exist to technology and legal markets. the country found itself in a decades long blockade, suffering wave after wave of s

paul: on the other hand, that same text, "aristotle's masterpiece," was published many times, says curatorabeth pope. elizabeth: out of those more than 60 editions, only a few handful have those directions to midwives that i mentioned that describe abortion as murder. but even in thatnstance, they do seem to be saying that midwives were priding abortions to people who had desired them. paul: then there's the case of englishwoman ann lman, who became a midwife, known as madame restell. in 1839, she placed an ad in the new york sun which read: “is it moral for parents to increase their families, regardless of consequences to themselves, or the well being of their offspring, when a sile, easy, healthy, and certain redy is within our control?” in 1847, “madame restell” was arrested and tried and demonized in the police gazette and elsewhere, says graphic arts curator lauren hewes. lauren: so cartoons, for example, painting madame restell as a very dark figure. or cartoons showing madame restell's offices full of pregnant women who are uneducated, who are seeking help but are in disguise, for s

a william la to haters meetings with their answers. point a puerto aristotle controller finance. those funds are near you, crimea machine here near the club. you have to live in lucel doff the we're proposing here. bully, the thing to, to, to words are yet the going of the promotional barzon. just to run small doors, can be zeros, gingerly, or green sheet, or dipping. the atlantic revolution was a response to earlier events or 3 decades. washington and london dictated terms to tehran, preventing it from extracting oil on its own territory. after the nationalization of iranian oil, the british government and the american government created the quote election 50. they were to legally elected government of my positive. so for a while lesson oil companies was controlling you and resources, and the fact that you didn't know how much it was when got their own. got its blank gold bank. but those exist to technology and legal markets . the country found itself in a decades long blockade, suffering wave after wave of sanctions. the benefit from having an economy that shot to diversify, le

hand, what it says here mankind and there are desires to be seen as lovely and renewal booth from aristotle in one of the great philosophers who got this right at a time of economic school and a chance to pick him to take off to embody the notion of moral sentiment. >> smith did not write about the story of gordon gecko and wall street, greed and bad people. that's important to look into. i'm in a go through a couple more names, this one is a hard one, it is a french name he is important he speaks in your book, he's wonderful the things one sees in which one doesn't see tell us about the policy i am a very young person who did not have a easy time getting into girls have read the economics and decided to study the original sources about original sources have years later. he was quoting about his book and very briefly i'll share why, he died at the age of 49 and he was the most important european in the 19th century, alexander hamilton is my favorite founding father he died at the age of 47 my father was an incredibly remarkable christian intellectual that died at the age of 47 i have a soft

consecrated ; but in 1474 he was destroyed by an earthquake then tsar ivan iii invited the italian aristotlea brilliant architect and engineer. ferovani was famous for its bridges throughout europe, he was the first to be able to transfer buildings for strength. he put the cathedral on oak piles, connected the masonry of white stone with brick, made cross vaults. external feovance. i took the assumption cathedral in vladimir as a model, but inside i opened the entire volume of the cathedral and that's it. it was the first time in russia that the assumption cathedral in the kremlin became the main cathedral of all russia here crowned emperors crowned emperors served prayers. victories of russian weapons, today he goes to the moscow kremlin museum on august 12, 1865, the english surgeon joseph lister first used the antiseptic carbolic acid or phenol, while half of the patients died from blood poisoning after the operation. doctors even believed that pus was good for the leaves when he read the work of louis pasteur on microbes that cause disease. he began to maintain perfect cleanliness in the

and social standing doesn't really wanna disrupting, will offer the particular a bottle with aristotle shot with crime exploding and hopes of a new freedom seemingly dashed russians blamed yeltsin, who was also involved in a dirty war. after having promised to quit victory or the chechen separatists. now he was responsible for thousands of fatalities. i'm ashamed of the president. stop the war and get rid of yeltsin read the banners of protesters. the president remained silent. in light of his disastrous record, he even hesitated to run for reelection. at the risk of leaving the field to communist candidates, 6 months before the presidential election, the successor to the soviet communist party won a majority in parliament. it's later good 92 gun off was seen as the clear favorite for the upcoming election. i got that all the moment. no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no. the unit on the golden rule of all that was the good. not militia, genuine? oh, wonderful wasn't oh oh oh sure. she knew what we felt we were facing absolute disaster. you going off to cough in the pause frederick mo

aristotle thought poor elements made the entire element the most ingenious idea. he said it is easy. only music is rich enough to explain all of the richness universe. so one day he was noticing a myers strength, he plucked it any longer lower the note. by a blacksmith shop and he sa a sword hammer, sorely lower the note. and said mathematics can explain music. mathematics and residence. each note gives you a migration that can be measured laboratory. this is a breakthrough. even founded a school, a school to discover music and the loss of melodies, the loss of harmony. unfortunately the roman empire of the part. important thousand years there is darkness, superstition, magic year it was the great plague that hit linen. one of the population perished in the skewed epidemic. twenty-two years old. because cambridge university with lockdown absent apple all on his estate. a then he saw the moon. and then he asked a question for the ages, apple falls also fall? you realize that yes, the celestial body, while in their own free space. the mathematics was to prepare his

are i'm desires to be lovely desire to be seen as lovely and that there can be we know this from aristotle and augustine and aquinas. there is a moral nature demankind that feeds economic activity and i believe that smith as as one of the great enlightenment philosophers. got this right at a time that the class of economic school had a chance to take off and so for us to now then take the advantage of what the class of economic school created for 200 years and characterize adam smith as gordon gecko is totally unfair. so i go straight to smith's own words to basically trying to embody the notion of moral sentiments that are self-interest when it becomes more enlightened morally leads to a better societal response of human flourishing. that's right. smith didn't write a book the story of gordon gecko and wall street greed and bad people who short he wrote a book called theory of moral sentiments. that's right, and and that's important to to look into and to help. i'm just going to go through a couple more names. okay, david found the names. it's this one's a hard one frederick bastia. it's

aristotle thought four element made of the universe but it was pythagoras who had the most ingenious idea. he said it is music. only music is rich enough to explain all the richness and variety of the universe. one day at the agarose was noticing a liar string, he plucked it and the longer the string, the lower the note. he went i a blacksmith shop and he saw a sword being hammered. the lower the note. he said mathematics can explain music. the mathematics residences. each note gives you a vibration that can be measured in the laboratory, this was a breakthrough. he even found a school to discover music and the laws of melody, the laws of harmony, the roman empire fell apart and for thousand years there was darkness. superstition, magic and inquisitions, and then in the year 1666 there was the great plague that hit london, one quarter of the population of london perished in this huge epidemic, one man was 23 years old, he was sent home to cambridge university comes locked down and he noticed an apple fall on his estate and then he saw the moon and he asked a question for the ages. if

aristotle tells us at the end of the tragedy would undergo just like the hero recognition of the situationthe hero oedipus undergoes recognition. oh my i told my father of the situation. i went from being a king to a -- but when we view a tragedy is so clumsy clumsy that when you go situation. the i thought i was the smartest person in the world. i'm. i couldn't see this coming and it's so evident. so i was going through the tools they used in writing the tragedy to say ift you know the answer right on. you were writing a pageant or a melodrama but h the author has o go through exactly the same things that the hero goes through which is a lot of pain and self-loathing and confusion. doesn't make sense, it doesn't make sense. i have to make it makes sense. there was again at the decay of our institutions the decay of education and the government and coming up to now with the united states government to say we have to have this information. doesn't make sense because a few politicians and unfortunately many of the when you you look at who are these people. few of themd. are any good and they

the dormouse family is one of the most ancient groups of modern rodents, described at one time by aristotlearus accounted for four of them, the hazel forest garden and the push, and although, as scientists say, there are sony in all regions of our republic, it is extremely difficult to see the animal. this red book is very rare in these rodents fully correspond to their whole name, firstly, due to the fact that they are predominantly nocturnal . secondly, only during the day the quiet hour is not limited to sleep, sony also sleeps from september to april for seven, or even nine , falls into hibernation. the smallest sun of oreshnikova living on the territory of belarus is also called a muzhlovka. this is a charming, baby the size of a little more than a djungarian hamster, it resembles a mouse and can easily fit in the palm of a person, huge black beady eyes, long fluffy mustache. yes, the grip of the paws with tiny claws is all about sonya at the top of her ears, small round and interesting, they are in constant motion, turning, independently of one another, just like real locators, they p

i'll post i will remember but aristotle talks about yes are very smart. [laughter] experience is very important. as well as doing the work i'm doing the hard work. doing the research and making very persuasive argument. i think about the book as a project beyond my file that's what i'm thinking about. doing those three things. and i think similar to what you mentioned as well that is a duty and maybe actually more so for me i think about it as a real privilege and i am contributing something to this community that's given me this tremendous honor of letting me into people's lives. and i think ifat you leave with gratitude and curiosity that is a good thing. >> i'm not sure i can comment on it particularly. folks we are actually out of time. i want to thank all of you for the opportunity to talk with you about your book. and everyone else here on the board, the judges, to urge all of you especially the students that are hereto and watching to hear these books and for all these great. thank you all. [applause] [applause] >> american history tv saturdays on

at the end of the tragedy we say oh my god it was there all along and i didn't see it, as aristotle tells us in the poetics at the end of the tragedy will undergo just like the hero recognition of the situation and reversal so the hero undergoes recognition and trade recognition i killed my father in reverse of the situation i go from being a king, when we deal with tragedy it is so clumsy that we undergo reversal of the situation to. just like my dad i thought it was the smartest person in the world. but i'm stupid i did not see this coming in is so evident.e i was going through trying to take to make the tragedy and made the answer right off. it was in a tragedy a pageant or a drama the author has to go through the same thing but the hearing goes through which is a lot of pain and self-loathing and confusion to say it doesn't make sense it doesn't make sense. i have to make it make sense. i was looking at our institution, the low some decay of education and of government and coming up tonight with the government to say we have to have the mystery of disinformation. l it did not make sen

think what the speaks more to the spirit of what made this this moon so possible it is a quote from aristotle that says our problem is not that we aim too high and miss. our problem is that we aim too low and hit. and i think this is a wonderful wonderful way to communicate that you can only achieve things only if you think big. at the same time communicate that the problem that you're facing. it is adherence to mediocracy that you are achieving very low goals and we are happy about it it rather than setting the bar high. of course well said you have privy and access to the best researchers obviously within your own company and with other companies. what's next here? where do you forecast the next six to 12 months specifically? look clearly there are two things one is covid specific and the other is in general health specific. let me start with covid. i think there is a lot of work right now to try to stay ahead of the virus as the virus is is mutating constantly and creating with the issues? but also there is a very concerted effort. to go to something even better and next generation somethi

you know, aristotle's famous reminder, the republics devolve into democracies which degenerated to despotism. it's not so encouraging. and so for anyone who's wondering, why am i even listening to this is too depressing, let me just say, this book is one of the few a sources of hope that i have actually encountered in the last year or two. let me just also say that reasons for hope are even more strained than when the book was in print. the ways in which polarization has actually increased, as we see now, who initially denounce the assault on the capitol on january six, backing away and joining the disinformation activity, the evidence that students in the united states lost so much time and learning during covid the enactment by 36 states of laws that restrict the discussions of race in american history. this is a very very troubling time indeed and. i want to underscore one thing that john just described, which are the dysfunctions our actual democratic process, so that this between political preferences, what actually gets adopted or enacted in the ballot because of gerrymandering that, t

right so as aristotle tells us in a poetics at the end of the tragedy we go undergo just like the hero recognition of the situation and reversal. so the hero oedipus undergoes recognition. oh my god, i killed my father and reversal of the situation i go from being a king to being a blind beggar, but when we view a tragedy, it's so cleansing that we undergo reversal of the situation too. we say, oh my god. i thought i was the smartest person in the world. but i'm stupid. i didn't see this coming and it's so evident. so i was going through trying to take some of the tools that i used in making writing a tragedy you say if you know the answer right off. you're not writing a tragedy, you know might be waiting a pageant or a melodrama, but the author has to go through exactly the same things that the hero goes through right, which is a lot of pain. and self-loathing and confusion to say it doesn't make sense. it doesn't make sense. i have to make it make sense. so i was looking at the decay of our institutions the the loathsome decay of education and of government of the end of and coming u

my and albert instinctive wary of the presidency moving to the parties opposite -- aristotle would counterguys their concerns as a virtuous, practical wisdom. losing both the president and vice president in the dual vacancy is a national trauma. switching parties would seem to confound that and i think it's something to be avoided. so, i think we need, as many of the other scholars have said more eloquently than i, we need more responsive and agile process. we need to resolve the eligibility question. i think we need to avoid causing political instability with risk of party opposites by keeping succession in the executive branch so that we don't have a party opposite scenario. so, i will stop there. thank you. >> thank you, dr. friends. doctor mcdermott? >> thank you very much. doctor friends, you are a tough act to follow. i wanted to also start by thanking our dean and john rogin and -- for inviting me to this panel, for organizing and orchestrating, not only this panel, but previous months we've done on presidents full succession. i wanted to talk a little bit about sort of these real w

albert's instinctive worry of the presidency moving to the party opposite is really worth heating aristotle with characterize their concerns as phoeneces virtuous practical wisdom. losing both the president and a vice president in a dual vacancy is a is a national trauma switching parties would seem too confound at and i think it's something to be avoided. so, um, i think we need as many of the other scholars have said more eloquently than i we need a more responsive and agile process. we need to resolve the eligibility question prospectively and i think we need to avoid causing political instability with risk of party opposite scenarios by keeping succession in the legislative in the executive branch so that we don't have a party opposite scenario. so i'll stop there. thank you. thank you, dr. fence, dr. dermot. thank you very much. and dr. fins. you're a tough act to follow. i wanted to also start by thanking dean 48 our dean ferrick and john rogan and rabb for inviting me to this panel and for organizing and orchestrating not only this panel, but previous ones that we've done on the pres