aboutis the question whether they will get all of the japanese armed forces to surrender. inner members say the roughest days that he spent were four or five days wondering whether the armed forces would comply with the order. in anotherribed this context as a miraculous theverance that he got government and the armed forces in japan to surrender. >> good morning, steve. i would like to ask the professor if he reads japanese and i would like to ask if he has read the numerous comments after the war by japanese generals that were not between nuclear attacks into hiroshima and nagasaki. but there was the soviets entrance into the war and they and threatening hokkaido that decision to surrender was based on that much more than the two nuclear attacks. thank you. host: thank you, steve. guest: let me unpack that at several levels. first of all, in terms of the impact of the soviet intervention, the chief of staff of the imperial army tells the emperor in a classic understatement, the soviet intervention is unfortunate. if you go through all of these other statements, yes, the

in our national defense since the days of ronald reagan and created the 1st new branch of our armed forces in 70 years the united states space force to. thank them with their renewed energy we also returned american astronauts to space on an american rocket for the 1st time in nearly 10 years. thank you now after years of scandal that robbed our veterans the care that you earned in the uniform of the united states president trump kept his word again. we reform the v.a. and veterans choice is now available for every veteran in america. our armed forces and our veterans still this land of heroes and many join us tonight in this historic form tonight we have among us 4 recipients of the medal of honor. among. 6 recipients of the purple heart. of gold star mothers. of the gallant navy. and wounded warriors from soldier strong a group that serves our injured veterans every month. we are honored by your presence and we thank you for your sorrow. and i'm going to have. a hero's just like these we defend this nation every day and under this commander in chief we've taken the fight to radical islam

in japan's armed forces had to comply with that surrender. neither one of those steps was a certainty through most of 1945. the emperor makes the critical decision. he makes it on the afternoon of august 8 he talks to the foreign minister and says, the war must end now. this is after hiroshima. this is before soviet intervention. there were other factors on his mind including his loss of faith in the strategy to meet the invasion. concern about the japanese people reaching revolutionary state in the fall. these are played into his mind. he announces that decision ofore the inner circle leadership, and the early morning hours of august 10. we have the diary entry of the number two man, a general named koabe. one of the other officers comes to him and says, i don't think the overseas commanders will comply. right on cue, two of the three overseas commanders send a message saying, we are not going to comply with the surrender order, even from the emperor. there is more back-and-forth in the tokyo. message, their first which is really the first s

we are an integral part of the british armed forces but we have never been treated equally.nd conditions of service. the way we were courted, a family life, barracks, there was a total difference. the pay we received was one third of what the british received. we had no right to settle in the uk. we felt like second—class citizens. having served the british loyally, people were being deported and that was really scary. they were living in fear day and night because they did not have any status. last weekend the home office deported a former gurkha despite 13 years of service in the british army. it was a disgrace. they are the bravest soldiers i had ever served with. we received massive support from the media and the british public. it has been a long battle. five years ago, the government ruled only gurkhas retiring after 1997 could settle in britain. they took their battle to the doors of downing street. still the government resisted until joanna lumley took command. when joanna lumley got involved, she was instrumental. her father served with my regiment. he was an office

has accelerated its own armed forces and network of allies and efforts to modernize its own armed forces and expand its network of allies. esper also had a message for what he termed like-minded countries urging them to review their relations with beijing and echoing president trump allies of the u.s. can't shoulder the burden of taking on china alone. >>> meanwhile, tensions between the two power houses continue to grow. china is denouncing the u.s. for allegedly sending a reconnaissance plane into a no fly zone where it's conducting live fire drills. beijing says the move encroached on its sovereignty and was a purely provocative act. the incident allegedly took place on tuesday. china's defense ministry did not specify where it happened but earlier this week china announced it would be conducting military exercises in the south china sea and the bohai sea. the two sides have been at odds of the territorial claims in the south china sea which the u.s. describes as completely unlawful. washington and beijing have also sparred over other issues including taiwan and hong kong. and japan's

[applause] our armed forces and our veterans fill this land of heroes, and many join us tonight in thisstoric form. tonight, we have among us four recipients of the medal of honor. [applause] six recipients of the purple heart. [applause] mother of a gallant navy seal. [applause] warriors from soldiers strong, a group that serves our injured veterans every day. we are honored by your presence, and we thank you for your service. [applause] with heroes just like these, we defend our nation every day. but under this commander-in-chief, we have taken the fight to radical islamic terrorists on our terms on their soil. last year, american armed forces took the last inch of isis territory, crushed their caliphate, and took down their leader without one american casualty. [applause] and i was there. when president trump gave the order to take out the world's iran's topous general will not harm another american, because custom soleimani is gone. history says joe biden opposed the operation that took down osama bin laden. it is no wonder that the secretary of defense under the obama-biden adminis

on alert i'm confident that all greeks have the same absolute trust in the capabilities of our armed forces as i do when faced with provocation we maintain the strength that stems from our level headedness. turkey's president andrew on has vowed to defend ankara's interests in the region but he's also called for calm the work that is the truth to me all the parts to a solution in the eastern mediterranean is via dialogue and negotiation if we act with common sense and reason we can find a win win solution that meets everyone's interests we're not chasing any unnecessary adventures all seeking tensions. tensions though have existed between these 2 regional rivals for centuries more than 4 decades after they fought a war over the island of cyprus the dispute has never been fully resolved. and conflict flared again earlier this year when turkey opened its border allowing fountains of migrants in to greece. this ship is now at the center of the latest drama over territory andrews says both sides know just how much is at stake if this dispute is not resolved quickly. for months germany was seen

then japan's armed forces had to comply with that surrender. neither one of those steps was certainty through most of 1945. the emperor makes the critical decision. he actually makes it in the afternoon of august 8th 1945 when he talks to the foreign minister and says the warmest and now. this is after hiroshima. this is before soviet intervention. there were other factors that were on his mind including his loss of faith in the strategy to meet the invasion. there was a concern about the japanese people reaching revolutionary state sometime around the fall. these all played into his mind. he announces that decision before the inner circle of leadership in the early morning hours of august 10th. we have the diary entry of the number two man in the imperial army. he learned from the inferiors -- emperors decision. i don't think the overseas commander will comply even with an order for the upper. immediately, two military officers communicate they will not comply with the order for surrender. the first message which is the first serious message a

then japan's armed forces had to comply with that surrender. neither one of those steps was a certainty through most of 1945. the emperor makes the critical decision. he makes it in the afternoon of august 8, 1945 when he talks to the foreign minister and says the war must end now. this is after hiroshima, before soviet intervention. there were other factors on his mind including loss of faith and the strategy to meet the invasion, concern about the japanese people reaching revolutionary state sometime in the fall. these all played into his mind. he announces that the decision before the inner circle of leadership in the early morning hours of august 10th. we have the doir diary entry of number two man when he learns of the decision. one of the officers in imperial headquarters says i don't think commanders will comply with an order of the emperor. two from the imperial army send messages say we're not going to comply with surrender orders even from the emperor. there's more back and forth in tokyo. they send their first message, really their f

he has tried to politicize the armed forces.ink the world of, you might notice his camouflage uniform wasn't there in front of the church. he disappeared once he figured out what was going on. secretary mark esper wasn't quite as astute. but we do have a problem. we need stability, good judgment, experience, and american values in the president of the united states. and i certainly hope mr. biden can provide that. >> i also want to get your reaction to the intel report that came out today. i keep returning to this thesis sentence by matt miller. trump solicited, welcomed, and benefited from russian interference. to paraphrase claire mccaskill, if you came across this in normal times, in the clear, the reaction would be cataclysmic in our country. >> well, look, it is simply not possible to understand what's going on with mr. trump and his fawning is the word that was used tonight over mr. putin, who is a classic kgb thug running a fairly small country that's an economic basket case with an armed forces that's only capable of thr

we are an integral part of the british armed forces but we have never been treated equally.ons of service. the way we were courted, a family life, barracks, the pay we received was one third of what the british received. we had no right to settle in the uk. we felt like second—class citizens. having served the british army loyally. people were being deported and that was really scary. they were living in fear day and night because they did not have any status. last weekend a home office deported a former gurkha, despite 13 years of service in the british army. 00:19:24,681 --> 1073741526:02:55,868 it 1073741526:02:55,868 --> 2147483051:46:27,055 was 2147483051:46:27,055 --> 3221224577:29:58,242 a 3221224577:29:58,242 --> 4294966103:13:29,430 disgrace. why did they come to the conclusion of settlement only? we are glad and thankful that the government did change its policy. we achieved what we thought would be impossible, i.e.settlement rights for all the gurkhas across the board. we will now carry on for equal pension, and that is the last stand. this was the concluding chap

our armed forces and our veterans, still this land of heroes, and manyjoin us still this land of heroesn us tonight. still this land of heroes, and manyjoin us tonight. tonight we have among us four recipients of the middle of honour. six recipients of the purple heart. a goldstar mother. of a gallant navy seal. and wounded warriors from soldier strong, a group that serves our injured veterans every day. we are honoured by your presence and we thank you for your service. applause with heroes just like these we defend this nation every day. and under this commander—in—chief, we have taken the fight to radical islamic terrorists on our terms, on their soil. islamic terrorists on our terms, on theirsoil. last year, american forces the glass pinch of isis territory, priced their caliphate and took down their caliphate and took down their leader without one american casualty. and i was there when president trump gave there when president trump gave the order to take out the world's most dangerous terrorist, isis‘s sub general will never harm another american because qasem soleimani is gone.

that i will perform noncompetitive service -- noncombat of service in the armed forces of the u.s.required by law. work ofill perform national importance under civilian direction when required by law. obligationtake this truly, without any mental reservations or purpose of evasion so help me god. congratulations, you are now citizens of the u.s. [applause] on behalf of the department of homeland security, it's my honor to call you my fellow americans. mr. president, i want to commend you for your dedication to the rule of law and restoring integrity to our immigration system. thank you for hosting such a patriotic celebration here at the white house today. congratulations, that's fantastic. thank you. and i want to thank acting secretary wolf, doing a phenomenal job in so many ways. america rejoices as we welcome five absolutely incredible new members into our great american family. you are now fellow citizens of the greatest nation on the face of god's earth. congratulations. great going. you follow the rules, you obey the laws, you learned your value,es, embraced our encourage yo

in 1948, she is a prime mover behind the bill that helps integrate the armed forces and give women a permanent role in the uniformed forces. she leaves the house the following year to serve in the u.s. senate, runs for the senate, wins election for she is probably best known in the public mind as one of the very few, brave senators who opposed mccarthy, joe mccarthy, and his tactics early on. she gave a speech called the declaration of conscious in june, 1950, where she opposed his tactics. so, and she goes on to serve a very long career to the early 1970's. but she is one of the women who kind of is pushing the story of women of congress. if you're interested in this topic, you can learn more by going to our website which is history.house.gov. the women in congress publication along with the artifacts we do not have on the table today is available on the site. >> this was the first of a two-part program. you can view this and all other american artifact programs on our website, c-span.org/history. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for i

in our national defense since the days of ronald reagan and created the first new branch of our armed forces in 70 years, the united states space force. and with that renewed energy we also returned american astronauts to space on an american rocket for the first time in nearly ten years. and after years of scandal that robbed our veterans of the care that you earned in the uniform of the united states, president trump kept his word again. we reformed the va and veterans choice is now available for every veteran in america. our armed forces and our veterans fill this land of heros. and many join us tonight in had historic fort. tonight we have among us four recipients of the medal of honor. six recipients of the purple heart. gold star mother of a gallant navy seal. and wounded warriors from soldiers strong, a group that serves our injured veterans every day. we are honored by your presence and we thank you for your service. heros just like thee defend this nation every day. under this commander in chief, we've taken the fight to radical islamic terrorists on our terms on their soil. last ye

roughest, most fraught days he spent were about these four or five days worrying about whether the armed forces were going to comply with the emperor's order. i described this in another context as sort of a miraculous deliverance that we got the government and the occupation forces to surrender. >> steve now in fredericksburg,i virginia. good morning, steve.. >> caller: good morning.would my father served in world war r ii. i would like japanes to ask pro frank, first of all, if he reads japanese. second of all, i'd like to ask him if he has read the numerous, overwhelming number of commentse just after t the war by japanes generals and admirals that it was not the two nuclear attacks on hiroshima and nagasaki but the entrance of the soviet uniog into the war or they had invadeh manchuria, and they were ning occupying the islands, which they still occupy to this day, and they were threatening hokkaido. the decision to surrender was based on that much more than it was based on the two nuclear attacks. thank you. >> thank you, steve. >> okay. let me unpack that in several levels. first of all, i

the right police and the so far there haven't been any provocation but the protesters send the armed forces are very close to one another but. despite a heavy military presence there were no arrests and this latest of instruction passed off peacefully without incident alexander thanked the offices. the because the legal basis for everybody. who. comes. here. the 4 simple life. we're close up. so as it stands the country remains split at the moment between pro and anti-government supporters ahead of sunday's rally the government advice supporters to stay home to avoid provocations let's go through next the timeline of events with our correspondent he goes down the. people behind me on the independence square of the the russian capital minsk they have been chanting slogans like leave calling on the president of belarus alexander lukashenko to go and long live belarus right now they're clapping and my cameraman is just going to zoom in to show you the scale of the protest right now we have a really good vantage point over there in the distance you can see police vehicles and well police vehicl

trump and vice president trump and vice president pence had been supporting our united states armed forcesilies, on a significant scale. while travelling throughout our nation to educate the tree spouses, nation to educate the tree spouses, about policy solutions that president trump has promoted involving real tangible progress in military spouse employment. these military spouses, to start their own business, named after their own business, named after the women workers we talk to. our riveters make some mutable handbags, to design and manufacture exclusively by military spouses. military spouses prepare and send their section of the bags to the company located in north carolina where the final product is assembled. military spouse heroes in billings montana is a culinary artist who dreamt of starting their own restaurant. working with a small business administration development centre. geelong started her restaurant. this shejust opened her started her restaurant. this she just opened her second restau ra nt she just opened her second restaurant in dover new hampshire. as the second lad

in our national defense since the days of ronald reagan and created the first new branch of our armed forcesthe united states space force. ( applause ). ( cheering ) and with that renewed energy, we also returned american astronauts to space on an american rocket for the first rs.e in nearly 10 years. ( applause ) and after years of scandal that robbed our veterans of the care form you earned in the uniform of the united states, president inump kept his word again. we reformed the v.a., and veterans choice is now available for every veteran in america. ( applause ) our armed forces and our veterans fill this land of heroes. and many joan us tonight in this historic fort. tonight we have among us four ofcipients of the medal of honor. ( applause ) plx recipients of the purple heart. ( applause ) a goldstar mother of a gallant navy seal. mnd wounded warriors from soldiers strong, a group that eranes our injured veterans every day. ( applause ) e, are honored by your presence, and we thank you for your service. ( applause ) ( applause ) with heroes just like these, we defend this nation every d

on alert i'm confident they do greeks have the same absolute trust in the capabilities of our armed forces as i do little when faced with provocation we maintain the strength that stems from our levelheadedness . turkey's president and 2 on has vowed to defend ankara's interests in the region but he's also called for calm what then is the truth really all the parts to a solution in the eastern mediterranean is via dialogue and negotiation if we act with common sense and reason we can find a win win solution that meets everyone's interests we're not chasing any unnecessary adventures all seeking tensions. tensions though have existed between these 2 regional rivals for centuries more than 4 decades after they fought a war over the island of cyprus the dispute has never been fully resolved. and conflict flared again earlier this year when turkey opened its border allowing fountains of migrants in to greece. this ship is now at the center of the latest territory andrew. both sides know just how much is its stake if this dispute is not resolved quickly. let's get more on this from corresponden

russia and egypt who backed the libyan national army of the libyan armed forces and of deployed their own forces but i would also say going further that when one looks at the last time that we were in this position in january 20th of this year in berlin when there were international powers that were brought together and clip up there was there there was a certain sense that there had been in charge of this operation for almost a year that he launched that they can decide that the buttons went to proceed in advance militarily and then went to move back and i think that's changed dramatically if we look back at may of this year it was russian divestment and u.a.e. divestment in the sense that they pulled back russian messines and syrian mostly from the front line they stopped deploying there and eroticism the plane the drone force in tripoli and collapsed helicopters offensive and ultimately i think that that transition really means that number one we're at a different chapter now i think where the military and i mix a concern this is much more about the u.a.e. has deployed the drone fo

in our national defense since the days of ronald reagan and crated the first new branch of our armed forces in 70 years, the united states space force. [applause] and with that, renewed energy. we also returned american astronauts to space on american not -- an american rocket for the first time in nearly 10 years. [applause] after years of scandal, that robbed our veterans of the care that you earned in the uniform of the united states, president trump kept his word again. we reformed the v.a. and veterans choice is now available for every veteran in america. [applause] our armed forces and our eurosns fill this land of and many joins us to -- and many join us tonight. tonight, we have among us four recipients of the middle of honor. [applause] six recipients of the purple heart. [applause] star medal of a gallant navy seal. wounded warriors from soldier strong, a group that serves our injured veterans everyday. we are honored by your presence and we thank you for your service. [applause] with heroes just like these, we defend this nation everyday. under this commander-in-chief, we have ta

in our national defense since the days of ronald reagan and created the first new branch of our armed forcesn 70 years, the united states space force. and with that also returned american astron t astronauts to space on an american rocket for the first time in nearly ten years. and after years of scandal that robbed our veterans of the care that you earned in the uniform of the united states, president trump kept his word again. we reformed the v.a. and veterans choice is now available for every veteran in america. our armed forces and our veterans fill this land of heroes and many join us tonight in this historic fort. tonight, we have among us four recipients of the medal of honor. six recipients of the purple heart. a gold star mother of a gallant navy s.e.a.l. and wounded warriors from soldier strong, a group that serves our injured veterans every day. we are honored by your presence and we thank you for your service. with heroes just like these, we defend this nation every day. but under this commander in chief, we've taken the fight to radical islamic terrorists on our terms on their s

this option failed but when i decided to invade venezuela i will do it with my army with all the armed force and strength of the united states and we would be successful i don't think that even in that case even with that option they would be successful at all for mr i'll stop you there more from that as well as for. minister after this short break. the world is. shaped by. the day or thinks. we dare to ask. who put oh yeah they are so being you. oh yes for wrong. yet spoiled yet so we thought it over for all of that we've gotten pretty traditional as the activity here are just going to be you know pretty girl would just say yeah well yes she yeah so there it is look you just below there to get the word for it but. these are the stories of men who can't imagine life without fashion without a sense of style without things that might be seen as weakness in this masculine world but they still demonstrate incredible strength of spirit to live as they choose. to call them so let's have a group of us have used. force for. welcome back i'm still here with venezuelan foreign minister who they are at

right police in the yard so far there haven't been any provocation but the protesters and the armed forces are very close to running out of. more spot a heavy military presence there were no arrests and this latest demonstration did pass off pace fairly how xander lukashenko thanked right place. at least. it was a. good discourse simple. this close up. ahead of sunday's rally the government advised probably crowds to stay home to avoid any confrontation on saturday thousands took part in a show of support for the young the 5 presidents. group that does coordinate opposition protests in belarus has been found in question of all news on social media one post a kind man found hanged after going missing was a protester who'd been beaten up the post was later amended though with the i didn't change from protests to just the man they also said claims about the injuries were not proven is not the 1st such case of false information coming from the protests is not against the explains. it is difficult for human beings to be neutral just the way it is biology our psychology makes us want to pick a s

britain's royal family and the armed forces are leading commemorations for the 75th anniversary of vj marks the surrender ofjapan and the end of the second world war. the prince of wales will attend a memorial, while the prime minister borisjohnson has paid tribute to veterans for restoring "peace and prosperity". fighting in europe ended in may 1945, but many allied servicemen were still fighting against japan in east asia. vj day, 15 august 1945, marked the end of one of the worst episodes in british military history, during which tens of thousands of servicemen were forced to endure the brutalities of prisoner of war camps. today's commemorations began with a piper playing battle's over at the imperial war museum's hms belfast in london at sunrise, as part of a tribute entitled waking up to peace. a military piper has also been performing at the national memorial arboretum in staffordshire. later, the prince of wales and duchess of cornwall will attend a service of remembrance there. also this morning, defence secretary ben wallace was joined by military chiefs as he laid a wreath

prior to the reorganization of the armed forces in the late 1940s, the house had a naval affairs committee a military affairs committee. naval affairs if you're from maine with a big shipyards up and bat was one of the assignments that you would really look out for. it gave her really a position of influence allowed her to speak on the topic of women and military service. in 1948, she's a prime mover behind a bill that helps integrate the armed forces and give women a permanent role in the uniformed forces. she leaves the house the following year to serve in the u.s. senate. she runs for the, senate wins election. she's probably best known in the public mind as one of the very few's brave senators who opposed joe mccarthy and his tactics very early on. she gave a speech called a declaration of conscience in june, 1950 where she opposed his tactics. very eloquently she did so. she goes on to serve a very long career until the early 1970s. but she's one of the women who is kind of pushing the story of women in congress. if you're interested in this, topic and learn more by going our website

in 1948, she's a prime mover behind a bill that helps integrate the armed forces and give women a permanent role in the uniformed forces. she leaves the house the following year to serve in the u.s. senate and runs for the senate and wins election. she's probably best known in the public mind as one of the very few brave senators who opposed mccarthy, joe mccarthy, and his tactics very early on. she gave a speech called the declaration of conscience in june 1950, where she opposed his tactics very eloquently. she goes on to serve a very long career to the early 1970s. but she's one of the women who is pushing the story of women in congress into a new era. if you're interested in this topic you can learn more going tos. if you're interested in this topic learn more on our website and the women in congress publication along with objects and artifacts that we don't have on the table today is on the site. >> this was the first of a two part program. you can view this and all other american artifacts programs on our website c-span.org/history. >> you're watching american history tv. every weeken

in our national defense since the days of ronald regan, and created the first new branch of our armed forces70 years, the united states space force. [ applause ] and with that renewed energy, we also returned american astronauts to space on an american rocket for the first time in nearly ten years. [ applause ] and after years of scandal that robbed our veterans of the care that you earned in the uniform of the united states, president trump kept his word again. we reformed the v.a., and veterans choice is now available for every veteran in america. [ applause ] our armed forces and our veterans fill this land of heroes, and many join us tonight in this historic fort. tonight we have among us four recipients of the medal of honor. [ applause ] six recipients of the purple heart. [ applause ] a gold star mother. of a gallant navy s.e.a.l. [ applause ] and wounded warriors from soldiers strong, a group that serves our injured veterans every day. [ applause ] we are honored by your presence and we thank you for your service. [ applause ] >> usa. usa. usa. >> with heroes just like these, we defe

on alert i'm confident they do greeks have the same absolute trust in the capabilities of our armed forces as i do when faced with provocation we maintain the strength that stems from our levelheadedness . turkey's president and 2 on has vowed to defend ankara's interests in the region but he's also called for calm to open is that true to me all the path to a solution in the eastern mediterranean is via dialogue and negotiation if we act with common sense and reason we can find a win win solution that meets everyone's interests we're not chasing any unnecessary adventures all seeking tensions. tensions though have existed between these 2 regional rivals for centuries more than 4 decades after they fought a war over the island of cyprus the dispute has never been fully resolved. and conflict flared again early this year when turkey opened its border allowing fountains of migrants in to greece. this ship is now at the center of the latest territory andrew. both sides know just how much is at stake if this dispute is not resolved quickly. let's get more on this from correspondent to dorian jo