the army did not want these wars. that was an ongoing issue. >> but there was a tense rivalry between the two for promotion throughout this period. in a nutshell, i would say that miles, for all his ambition, all his vaunting ambition and his back stabbing of fellow officers, was uniformly humane and just in his treatment of defeated indians whereas cook talked a good game, he enjoyed his reputation even today of being uniformly humane in his treatment of the defeated indians, he wasn't. he did a lot of double dealing. but at the end of the day, he too was pathetic in a larger sense with the indians in terms of who was a better commander, it's a difficult question to answer. because fighting the indians often involved diplomacy and politics and managing them after they were defeated. but i guess if i had to, if i were pressed, i would give a slight edge to nelson miles in terms of consistency. george crook performed, i guess i could say miserably during the great sioux war as becomes clear in the book. >> there is so,

what happened with the army? why did the army evolve from the civil war and those who were in the west were not up to the same sort of standards that we all have read aboutin the civil war ? and the same with the indians, what sort of warriors were they and how did they organize their defeat? >> the army of course, the armchair army that fought the civil war mustered out quickly and congress was intent on paying down the war debt as rapidly as possible and they just kept slipping away at the army from approximately 50 some thousand to fewer than 30,000 by the time of the little bighorn incident. chipping away and as they did so they also decreased incentives to join the army. the pay of a private soldier during the indian wars was less than that of a volunteer private soldier during the civil war and so with the exception of the period of the financial panic of 1873, there was no incentive to enlist in the army. at most, most who did enlist and it up deserting as quickly as possible. there were desertion rates as

there is no discipline in this army. an army needs a loftier goal than mere survival.lare our independence. >> to draft america's declaration of independence, congress chooses a skilled writer and radical thinker from virginia, thomas jefferson. but to do so, jefferson must confront his internal conflict over the issue of slavery. >> mr. jefferson? >> bob, what have i told you about interrupting me? >> i'm sorry, sir jefferson. it's only that... what are you writing? >> it's for the congress, political matters. it doesn't concern you. >> as a tobacco farmer and a virginian, jefferson supports the inequality of slave ownership. yet he writes the immortal phrase, "all men are created equal," the cornerstone of the emerging american identity. while a glaring contradiction, it doesn't invalidate his words. jefferson truly wants to liberate future generations from slavery. so he attacks the slave trade in his declaration. that decision heightens tensions between the northern and southern colonies at the very time they need to come together. >> when jefferson said, "all men

the british army. >> i'm talking what the british army to keep the army's moral -- army small, [indiscernible] dr. laver: to some degree, parliament got past that. a military force to maintain control of the college -- cannot -- colonies. i think some of your points are valid. britain is not a fully complete professional force. philadelphia had a port. how come the british didn't go there instead of new york city? congress was there and everything, why not do it the easy way? dr. laver: the short answer is the british to go there. -- do go there. they end up there the following year. the answer is that new york was the largest city at the time. operations, that made sense to be the center place -- centerpiece for british military forces. it will remain that way for the rest of the revolution, well after cornwallis surrenders. army in still a huge new york city. philadelphia does get into the mix in 1777. just to comment on the prisoner question from earlier, i am a native virginian, and the issue with the hessian prisoners taken were they were marched to the south. they were interred at a cam

of the army and the enemy. the art -- extermination allegedly and indians themselves who you are mentioning quite a bit, did not stand up united against white settlements coming in. i put this forward early on in the book. there is no period, steeped in myth in the area in the american west. in wounded knee, for the first 80 years after the indian wars, the perception was the army is a shining white knight of white settlers and indians as bad hard -- cardboard cutouts to the army and governing and in 1970 the pendulum shifted the opposite direction, very my heart in wounded knee, from the perspective of the victims in films like little big man and the pendulum swings, informed our understanding. what i tried to do is tell the story again in a balanced fashion. >> host: our man, abraham lincoln, presided over the beginning of the wars in the west, minnesota, the sioux uprising. from the late 1880s 1090s that had in this the hanging of those 26 indians altogether, 300 plus that were going to be hangs, lincoln did

are armies in tennessee and armies out in the mississippi and 60 engineers going north and 40 engineersgoing south are not -- are not enough. so they have to rely on volunteers and as it turns out, although the west pointers to your question, although the west pointers take the lead and get the commanding posts, the volunteer soldiers perform just as remarkably as do the west pointers. >> specially in the west. >> specially in the west. >> specially in the west and that's why i want to bring up -- >> okay. >> one of the people who could almost be one of the union herios -- heros which was josiah bissel. >> well, that's a remarkable story. bissel who has civil engineering background before the war, goes to army recruiters in august of '61 and says, i think we need an engineer regiment out west and i propose to lead one and they agree and they become the engineer regiment of the west and bissel gets attached to pope's army. so the war starts, et cetera, et cetera, and now pope finds himself coming down the mississippi river and he is interested in punching through at island number 10 as t

what happened for the army to fall? why did the army evolve from the civil war and those to the west were not up to the same standards we have read about? same with the indians. what sort of warriors were there and how dud they organize their campaigns? >> guest: the volunteer army that fought the civil war died down and the army was determined to pay charges back. they dwindled down to 30,000 by the time of little big horn. they decreased the incentive to join the army. the pay of a private soldier during the indian war was less than that during the civil war with. with the exception of the financial panic of 1873, there were really no incentives to enlist in the army. literally most who did enlist ended up deserting as quickly as possible. there were desertion rates as high as 85%. men came west at the expense of the government and deserted it the first opportunity to go work in the gold mines, or to startup on their own. in fact, the army was more concerned about loosing equipment than manpower. you had a low quality

and the making of the armies. this museum talks about the entire war come all the various battles, the politics behind the war. so it really gives a really good general overview of what to the civil war, during the civil war, and after. the gallery we are standing and the spring and summer of 1863, starting with the battle of chancellorsville and moving into july in the battle of gettysburg. josephon army, under hooker decided it was time to have an advance on the confederate army in northern virginia. they selected a dance was going to take place at the crossroads of chancellorsville, virginia. the northern army intended to move around the find of the army of northern virginia, across the before they river really had a chance to realize what was going on. it turned out that the northern army of the potomac under general hooker really didn't have the communications set up to be able to full or follow through with their plan. general lee,t attempting to fend off the federal flank attack in the spring of 1863, divid

when they reorganized the army, warren got one of the three corps left with the army. why? if he was such a troublesome subordinate. the only commanders who were not impresse were u.s. grant and p.h. sheridan. these were the men who removed him from command and then destroyed his reputation, officially and unofficially, forever after. warren had openly criticized both of them, grant for his bludgeon tactics, and sheridan for his negligence and misuse of cavalry all during the opening stages of the 1864 campaign. yet grant kept warren in corps command until the end. he did try to have him removed in february of 1865 to go into the shenandoah valley after george crook had a bad experience with confederates, but warren was kept with the army. so being unable to move him, grant decided to get rid of him by other means. he then blocked warren's court of inquiry, both as general and chief of the army, and as commander in commander in chief as president of the united states. this is hancock. hancock is superb. how do we know that? because it's in every damn book we ever reads that

army signal corps. this is one of many world war i films that the film archive has restored. >> welcome to "reel america" on c-span history network. started, before people see this film, how have these films been made, and who saw them? >> this was done by the u.s. government. it was a compilation of mostly u.s. army signal corps footage by cameramen overseas. propaganda, tore promote what america did, which was held bring the war to a close on the allied side. >> how with the government propaganda intended at that time? >> this was to ensure that that they fought for a just cause, which was important. there was quite a bit of backlash against world war i after it finished. the is when you see rejection of the league of nation. this film would have given a boost in morale. >> how were these films preserved? >> the copies are maintained by the national archives and are being digitized and placed on the youtube channel for the national archives. anyone can watch these anytime. host: is this preservation a

army chief of staff in 1939. up next, king college london visiting professor andrew roberts discusses marshall's role in america's world war ii victories. he argues that general marshall's skills as a strategist transformed the u.s. army despite opposition from president roosevelt and winston churchill. the new york historical society hosted this event. it is just over 50 minutes. >> we are so very pleased to welcome back andrew roberts, the distinguished lehrman fellow at the new york historical society. tessa roberts is a fellow of the world historical society in london and a recipient of the 20 16th bradley prize. he also served as visiting professor in the war studies department at king's college london. in 2012, he was awarded the william penn prize. in 2007, he delivered the prestigious white house lecture. for his book "napoleon alive," professor roberts was the 2014 winner of the los angeles times biography prize. . he is the author and editor of 12 books, and he is now writing a biography of winston chur

were at the head famous armies. the potomac army against the northern virginia army. warfare wasthis high, the political drama i'm sure you are all aware of lincoln's reelection. the warfare and that to some extent when grant crossed the river and pinned lee's army. he conducted a nine-month siege of petersburg. lieutenants, sherman and sheridan took the war to georgia and virginia. they conquered territories, beating rebel armies and destroying large parts of the countryside. their combined victories vindicated grants larger strategic plan. a guaranteed lincoln's reelection, breaking the confederacy to their knees. in 1864, that turned to 1865 union victory seemed brought aly likely it lot of new worries. the confederate leadership --ained defiant the spite despite lincoln's reelection. stanton and grant all worried about the terms of any kind of surrender. what were their terms? politics? it mean for what it the policies of reconstruction? the secretary of war wanted to keep control of the political terms of surrender. he wanted to limit grants role in military matt

union army went throughout the occupied south. the specific place where is emancipation began. in contraband camps black men, women and children sought refuge from the army, sorry, they sought refuge from slavery. they found it in basic sense of escaping their owner's grasp but the environment they encountered there made for troubled refuge. when the common wealth of virginia left the union in 1861 port monroe remained in the hands of army. making themselves it is business of one general benjamin butler, officer in command at fort monroe. there's more to the story of butler and contraband decision and lives of three men that meets the eye and we will look at both later in chapter three if you're counting. the brief outline goes like this. shepherd, frank baker had been put to work building fortifications when they learned that their owner charles planned to remove them farther south and separate them from their famili. they decided to try the luck at port monroe.he the colonel sent an agent in compliance, butler refused.me and so

the confederate army cut a lot of telegraph lines so the union army had to string them in. this was a problem because correspondents depended on the union army forstringing those and corporals dr.ed they were censor and there was a lot of censorship of spites and two congressional investigationses hugh the union arming was at any rating correspondents. they would go to the nearest railroad junction or the telegraph junction, but need had the -- mead that therians to the battlefield so my guess is they filed from the battle field. there's not any clear pattern through all of this. the story of one man who was shut off from having any accesst from his colleagues-0 -- or his competitors -- access to the battle. so the got a fast train to baltimore and hired a guy to start transmitting his stuff back to his newspaper. and as he is transmitting his story, he is realizing there are more people coming to the battle field that he needs to interview but he has two colleagues waiting in line behind him to get their dispatches out. and so he decides he wants to be the head competitor

sour of power and they allied with the union army, they dug ditches. the did laundry. they nurse in hospitals, they built fortification, took care of livestock, the million and two things it takes to keep a 19th century arm in the field and in motion. when day did they staked a stronger claim to protection from the union army into the national government that a slaveholder trying to overthrow the national government. before the war it was states and not the national government at that time adjudicated citizenship and the war change that because of what happened in the camps.er second of all, no longer limitedly race and that happened because of what went on in civil war contrabands camps and as a result of the civil war, citizenship involved rights protection and that happened partly because i went on in civil war contraband camps. part two of the book tells the story of former slaves allying with the union army to end way, end slavery and redefineenship w citizenship which sounded like the end but that it here to parts to the book.nd there are no two

i want to keep the army small because if they don't army might be used to strip away their rights. cameron is now time to grow the army by a factor of five overnight. he's got this bureaucracy of the war department that is divided into these eight bureaus, sort of overseen by these ancient generals, most of them are not talking to one another. most of the staff resigns to go join the confederacy and most of the leading army officers, the court of the professional army does the same thing. so here you are, simon cameron, facing the unprecedented challenges eating to grow the army by a factor of five and needing it yesterday, needing to close ou our feed, train and eqp those men. and it's shocking. then you add to that the fact that cameron is not an administrator. cameron is a politician, and the skills they got into this position are not the skills that are going to help them succeed. that being said, i want to point out i think this attachment i i think historians have been unfair to cameron. when you look at the scope of the challenges he faced, when you look at his total lack of

army signal corps. "america goes over" is one of many silent films the national archives has restored. this is about an hour. >> welcome to "reel america." mitch ellisonce and allison finkelstein. says but this is a compilation of mostly u.s. army video core footage. ae idea was to create "america did which was to build the -- bring the war to a close. >> how have the propaganda been intended by the government? reassureas intended to a justns they fought for cause. there was quite a bit of backlash against world war i. this is the era where you see america retreat into neutrality, the rejection of the league of nations. a littled have given bit of a boost of morale. >> where are the films held today? mitchell: the original copies are maintained by the national archives. they are being digitized and placed on the national archives youtube channel so anyone can watch these at any time. is themer: -- >> preservation of this type of film a difficult art? to review mays have copies that have scratches. we ha

women's army auxiliary corps and wac stood for women's army corps. that means that women are first assistance, not even a part of the actual army. auxiliary was what it was, but then when it became wac, it became women's army corps, more integrated into the actual army. there were women who served the war, so if you are clara thompson or anybody else, you want to say, we might be worrying about men whose masculinity is compromised, which is the right thing to do, but we also want to think about what have we endured as women who served in the war. those are actually army nurses. the image is taken from the national archives in 1944 in france, i believe. they came to france through egypt and italy, i believe. that means there are women by 1944 going to france and actively engaging in duty as a person serving in the army, a soldier, i should say. although they are, in this picture, nurses. you are familiar with this image, yes? we can do it. i'm going to ask you, what does it represent? what kind of message is that? what kind of gender exchange convey t

a union army surgeon has to come along and basically brings him back to life. here is what happened after this episode. set during the peninsula campaign and the ensuing battles of 1862, diamond will send slept nearly side-by-side out yours or in private homes commanded by union troops. the experience of may 25th, 1862 typify their situation. a bottle with t. he shared with officers who granted interviews, keeping enough to try and do an ailing back, but the horrific conditions continue to take tolls. over the course of the next week he would twice be prescribed opiate, treating his serious stomach pains and. one night commonwealths then shared a beaten-down cabin as headquarters for a union brigadier general. he had long supported as a source this general. he spent most of the evening interviewing officers think i'd join him. not so much the next day. the mattress bed shared was so bad that in spite of my fatigue i stumbled considerably as wilkinson told me in the morning. here's where it gets good. god became so ill that will send ordered him back to new york

the army are just a0 miles from the capital. into the mountains, the harder the fight becomes. translation: everyday we make some progress. we attack and we take land. people are lost, but at least land is liberated. the rebels are retreating on a daily basis. but both sides have reached a stalemate. despite arms and air support from the saudi—led coalition, these fighters from the national army haven't made any major gains. and as they fight for ground, the situation in yemen has deteriorated drastically. as the front lines shift, landmines have been left behind. the army say that the houthi rebels have planted tens of thousands of them in both military and civilian areas. the scale of the problem makes yemen one of the worst affected countries in the world. despite a lack of training, the army say they've diffused over 30,000 mines in the past year alone. the locals in this area say all their farmland was mined. this is one of the areas that the houthis had control of as they were trying to take over. the national army and the

army signal corps. "america goes over" is one of many silent films the national archives has restored. this is about an hour. >> welcome to "reel america." let me introduce mitch and allison. theseget started, how are films made at the time? >> it was done by the united states government. it was a combination -- it was a compilation of cameramen -- it was a compilation of footage by cameramen overseas to promote what america did, which was help bring the war to a close. >> it was released after the war was over. how have the propaganda been government ate that point in time? >> this was intended to reassure americans they fought for a just cause. there was quite a bit of backlash against world war i. this is the era where you see america retreat into neutrality, the rejection of the league of nations. this would have given a little bit of a boost of morale. >> where are the films held today? mitchell: the original copies are maintained by the national archives. they are being digitized and placed on the

a 26—year—old army veteran has been arrested.ast 43 people have been killed by a lorry bomb in the northern syrian town of azaz. local officials have blamed the islamic state group. a 2a hour tube strike scheduled to start on sunday evening will ahead after the rmt union walked out of talks with london underground bosses this afternoon. —— will go ahead. further attempts at talks failed. now on bbc news — reporters. from here in the world —— and the world was like newsrooms, we bring you the best stories from around the globe. in this week's programme: insight istanbul's reina nightclub. 39 people died in the nightclub in a new year's eve terror attack. the owners say they will reopen the nightclub. it is the sign of a defiant mood here. on the front line of yemen's civil war. wejoin government on the front line of yemen's civil war. we join government groups as they try to recapture the capital from rebel forces. translation: people are lost, but at least the land is liberated. the rebels are retreating on a daily basis. the bri

he would -- he was in the army air force. there were a lot of records about the army air force. it turns out that the way the air force kept records was that every single mission that was wasn was recorded -- flown, recorded. amount of munitions spent, the bombs that dropped. anything that happened on the planes. all the names of the crew that flew with most important part -- were the most important part. i saw my father's name with his crew. i almost cried. it was that moving to me. he flew on a lot of missions. i made sure that i make copies of all of those. known that if i had not come here as a volunteer and started working on world war i. i was thinking there may be some records and i had no expectations finding my father's name. it was a big, emotional thing for me. we had talked about the availability of photographs. there are thousands here at the archives. hundreds of photographs that the artists did. why the artwork is important is because they photograph what is there. there is no perspective on it. there was no emotion. artwork, you get the man. thes bringing with hi

. >> the united states army unit today's parade is the army staff.oscars from the active and reserve component. national guard, united state military academy, at west point. fog them closely w united states army field band from our nation's capitol, united states army steel band known as the musical ambassadors of the army. the band was found in the 1946 with a mission to take the story of the army and its soldiers to the grass root of america. >> hearing the official -- more than 1 million people, they are the military's most traveled band. (music playing). >> i am keeping my eye right now on the reviewing stand and i am watching barron trump. his eyes lit up. he's tapping on his father's arm, dad, lockdown they come. he was moving his arms like he was marching with them. so it is truly, through the eyes after child. >> so, you know, parades, i don't know if anyone ends joyce a parade more than a child does. i remember the first few times i ever saw a parade. i remember seeing the thanksgiving parade in new york. and it is just bewildering, amazing

and most of the leading army officers does the same thing. here you are simon cameron facing this unprecedented challenges needed to grow the army and needing it yesterday. it is just shocking. and then you ask about the fact that cameron is not an administrator. he has a politician. in the skills that got him into the position are not the skills that i can help them succeed. i think historians had been unfair. when you look at the scope of the challenges he faced i think when you look at his total lack of preparation for them he actually dealt with them about as well as anyone could have expected. was he the world's greatest secretary of war. could it had been substantially worth it. have he been secretary of war in any other era i think he would've performed admirably in that. i think the most surprising is the reason behind the dismissal. cameron was dismissed from the cabinet. and they point to a story from the fall of 1861. where a bunch of bound traders say not to sell any more federal bonds. bring me one proven instance and he's out of

i had army, navy, and marine enlisted men. i had army and navy officers. and i had civilians, male and female in the group i was processing. it was incredible. every service. the civilians had different forms that had to be filled out to certify to do certain things. it was a full-time job. rob: the army has overcome that problem. today there is no longer a paperwork issue. [laughter] maybe worse than it was. john: the oss group landed in calcutta, india, then they put me in charge of taking all of the oss people over the hump, which i thought was a great idea. that they said, in the meantime, you are going to have to wait in this little village in burma. oss had a detachment 101 in burma working with the hill tribes of north burma. i was afraid that my very serious minded sergeants and lieutenants -- but this time i was a captain, by the way. i was afraid they would get into trouble if they did not have anything to do. so i volunteered to help the oss supply station in the northern part of india, moving them down to burma, then bringing the team back to i

how do you reconcile the old army with this new army where whether are older soldiers welcoming you so >> it is different now, not just in the army. it's different in the united states of america. because people see the sun still comes up, the car still starts, the the dog still needs to be fed or what have you. nothing has changed today because my neighbor, my son, my ship mate, whatever it is came out. >> in part because of that belief, under fanning watches, the army has become more inclusive with women and transgender soldiers serving in combat roles. and, as his final directive as secretary, fanning has issued grooming and dress waivers to sikhs and muslims for religious reasons. >> what drives me personally is the view that the more the army looks like society and the more voices we can bring in the stronger that we're going to be. >> do you think your being gay made you wont to focus on inclusivity and diversity in the army? >> absolutely. i know from my own personal experience how important it is to see someone that you can identify with in a leadership position, so that you ca

because he was in the army air force. there are a lot of records about the army air force. it turns out that the way the air force kept records was that every single mission that was flown was recorded. the weather, the amount of munitions spent, the bombs that were dropped. anything that happened on the planes. also, most important to me, all the names of the crew that flew . the first time i saw my father's crew, i almost cried. it was that moving to me. i'm about to cry now. it was that moving to me. he flew on a lot of missions. i have made sure that i made copies of all of those. i would not have known that if i had not come here as a volunteer and started working on world war i and started thinking there might be some records. and i have no expectation of finding my father's name. it was a big, emotional thing for me. we've talked earlier about the availability of photographs. there are thousands here at the archives. there are hundreds of photographs of the artwork that the artists did. the reasons why the artwork is important is because they progress exactly what is

then as the army was about to take the field, he removed the telegraph equipment from army headquarters and took it across the street into the war department and installed it in april right beside his office. that prevented mcclellan from communicating with anyone else in the government and particularly president lincoln without going through stanton first. it also allowed stanton to control the communications of everyone below mcclellan. possessionk military of the private telegraph lines in the country. that enabled him to exert considerable control over the news. he telegraphed major newspapers with what first appeared to be a suggestion that it should not report on the movements and makeup of the army but then soon enough he started calling that suggestion and order. n order. he forced that victim with a partisan bias. it left newspapers of man. stanton as an equal pop -- people opportunity sensor. he was shut down a lincoln friendly newspaper as quickly as a democratic one. his evidence seems to be his action. he established a quick precedent for his authority without risking a cou

obviously, you know that modern armies do not fight like this anymore. linear tactical formations and maneuvers went out of fashion at some point after the civil war. a brief thing about this, they went out of fashion slowly, incrementally, over decades. the interesting thing is that they have not gone away completely, even though linear tactical systems are no longer used in the modern era, they still exist. close order drill they call it. lines and columns are alive and well in the modern military of 2016. they are very valuable for training. they are valuable for an awful lot of things and you can find them all over the place. this is a photograph of the 84th division in world war i, in a column of companies at full distance, given how far apart they are. that means each line in the column must be far enough away from the one in front, so that if they had to wheel to the right or left, they had room to do so. that is why the tactical manuals don't give a distance in terms of yards, for it. it is determined by how many men you have in line. a smaller n

ton, as the army was about take the field, he removes the telegraph equipment from army headquarters took it across the state into the war department right next to his office. that prevented mcclellan from communicating with anyone else in the government and particularly with president lincoln without going through stanton first. it also allowed stanton to control the communications of everyone below mcclellan. took military possession of the private telegraph lines in the country. and that enabled him to observe theiderable control over news. he telegraphed major newspapers what first appeared to be a suggestion that they should not report on the movements and makeup of the army but soon enough, he started calling that suggestion and order. his motive lay more in propaganda and insecurity. because he enforced that with a bipartisan bias which left supportive newspapers altogether immune. himld holt's are per trade as an equal opportunity sensor who would shut down a lincoln friendly newspaper as rapidly as he would one of democratic sentiment. and his evidence for that seems to be s

what happened to that army? >> they felt that if they would fall, if they are taken prisoners by isis, they'll be beheaded, killed and nobody would give them a hideout or a place to hide. so they started to run away. in late june 2014 mosul fell to isis and hell on earth began for every man, woman and child in the city. their choice, submit or be butchered. on friday july 4, 2014 during ramadan prayers at mosul's great mosque, abu bactar albaghdadi declared himself the islamic state. >> why did he pick the mosque to deliver his caliphate speech. >> mosul was the real capital of the caliphate. now they call it raqaa. >> they took over the territory but still this administration stood by and did nothing. it wasn't until august of 2014 they started reluctantly conducting military operations but then it was the pinprick strikes, it was barely going after field enforcements, command and control, ability to finance the operation and bring in foreign fighters, train individuals, take territory, terrorize and kill indiv

what happened to that army? >> they felt that if they would fall, if they are taken prisoners by isis, they'll be beheaded, killed and nobody would give them a hideout or a place to hide. so they started to run away. in late june 2014 mosul fell to isis and hell on earth began for every man, woman and child in the city. their choice, submit or be butchered. on friday july 4, 2014 during ramadan prayers at mosul's great mosque, abu bactar albaghdadi declared himself the islamic state. >> why did he pick the mosque to deliver his caliphate speech. >> mosul was the real capital of the caliphate. now they call it raqaa. >> they took over the territory but still this administration stood by and did nothing. it wasn't until august of 2014 they started reluctantly conducting military operations but then it was the pinprick strikes, it was barely going after field enforcements, command and control, ability to finance the operation and bring in foreign fighters, train individuals, take territory, terrorize and kill indiv

, you may figured out he's a master sergeant in the army, while i wish is going in the army i'm incrediblyry. g4 ofc. nate powell commented on the impact of your support to military spouses.up to like most public school teachers i wife doesn't burn all that much but she loves being a teacher. because of the militaries spouses residency relief act that president obama signed into law my family saved thousands of dollars a year that would otherwise have to pay just because she has chosen to live with me across state lines from duty station to duty station. and on the lighter side captain alex lowell, and air force flight surgeon is also apparently a big fan. he said i'm glad to have startea by service under such a charismatic and cool commander-in-chief who can also play ball and seeing a mean al green. [laughter] i can't witnessed that, mr. president. i'm not have the opportunity to see that in the situation room but i will take his word for it. mr. president, on behalf of lieutenant colonel phillips, corporal dennis, major lampert, master sergeant norris, chief or an officer bowel, dr. low

this was not much stronger than the army, and the army is very split.re are some soldiers supporting yahya jammeh. some of them are not supporting him, so that is why people do not believe the army has the strength of fighting against this military intervention. people are really a bit scared seeing what is happening, but most are optimistic this will not end up to bat for the country. brent: we are still hearing reports of thousands of people scrambling to flee the country, fearing things could turn more violent. what are you hearing? adrian: those are not recently reported. those happened in the past, one or two days, people try to leave because they are expecting this. most people are staying indoors. the streets are deserted, and people are waiting for this thing to end. probably by tomorrow morning, we will really what happened and it might be over. brent: our correspondent in gambia, adrian. thank you. to an avalanche now that buried at hotel in central italy. three bodies have been recovered so far, 30 still missing, feared dead. the disaster, tr

war. -- celebrated army bands during the war.took part in the battle of gettysburg, spotsylvania, and wilderness. he was in all of those, and excited for bravery -- and cited for bravery. he was shot five times in total. been spotsylvania, he was shot in the chest. he had a bible in his coat pocket. that sort of spent the bullet. hit inn he took a bad the leg. they left in the four dead. he took up his rifle and aimed at the incident -- and aimed it at them and said, get me to a hospital. >> they took him to a field hospital. his wife found out about it. she was refused permission to come to the battlefield. she wanted to take him home. the officers refused. she went to president lincoln and got a private meeting. imagine doing that today. he wrote her a pass. she went out to where the fighting was and took her husband home. he was through with war. he had been shot up pretty bad, a lifetime of pain and such. he started establishing churches across the western states. a few years later, he decided that he must the army. he could

army band, major. >> that is. that's the army staff element right there and members of the u.s.eld band right behind him. >> when you say staff of element, what does that mean? >> the commander's staff, staffer in charge of personnel, intelligence operations, communications functions. it would be a staff of four marching right behind the commander and troops. in d.c. and ey're the musical ambassadors of our army. founded in 1946. really supposed to take the military music back to the grassroots of america. >> they're based here in d.c.? >> yes. >> they get to sleep in their own beds tonight. ♪ ♪ jtsd >> there are military representatives in that reviewing stand? >> there are. we just saw the chief of s other service chiefs in attendance today as well. >> also the military contingents from out of town. i just thought about that. they all have to have a place to stay, all the police, the law enforcement volunteers from out of town. where do all those people go? >> they do. it's a tremendous operation in terms of size, scope. some of the locations, ap hill, maybe quantico, some of