and with hekla it's all about ash. the snow-covered mountain in the background there is the hekla volcano itself. and here in the foreground this light-colored layer there at the top was erupted from hekla 3,000 years ago. narrator: these ash layers tell thor a great deal about hekla's explosive past. thordarson: the reason why we spend our time studying these ash layers is that we can get information about the nature of the eruption, its intensity, its explosive power, and how widely it affected the environment. narrator: he's discovered one particular eruption from hekla 3,000 years ago which threw out a tremendous amount of ash. if you look at the landscape around us, all the surface is covered with the ash, which is 15 feet thick. and it doesn't matter where you look, it's all around you. that gives you a good indication of how powerful, how strong that eruption was. narrator: hekla's explosive eruptions created this barren landscape. it's made of layer upon layer of ash, formed from pulverized magma. and it's typi

the ashes can safely cool by simply remaining in the fireplace, or you can put them in a metal ash bucketnever put your ashes in a paper bag, a plastic bag, cardboard box, plastic bucket. store them in the metal ash bucket and keep it away from your deck and other combustible materials. people do not realize how long they stay hot. >>> finally. the last question from marsha through e-mail. she's doing a lot of holiday baking. what's the difference, liz, between baking powder and baking soda? >> yeah, we turn to the chemistry page on about.com for this answer. it says both baking powder and soda are leavening agents. baking soda is pure sodium bicarb gnat, four times stronger than baking powder, usually added when recipes contain an akiddic ingredient and reacts as soon as it's mixed. baking powder, on the other hand contains sodium bicarb gnat and other ingredients. it reaction as soon as it's mixed, and then reacts again when it's heated. so there is a difference. don't mix them up. >>> if you have a question, send it to us. connect with me on twitter, and on facebook. coming up on "ask

clouds of choking ash... mists of toxic gas.in the past, iceland's inhabitants have suffered more than most. (bell tolling) in 1783, an eruption kills over 10,000 locals. it's one of the deadliest ever recorded. a killer that atmospheric scientist anja schmidt knows all about. 50 miles northeast of eyja lies the volcano anja's interested in-- the fissure called laki. we are standing on the laki lava flows. so as far as the eye can see we can see the moss-covered lava flows from the 1783 laki eruption. just to give you a feeling for this scale the area that these lava flows cover is actually ten times the size of manhattan. narrator: why laki produced so much lava is due to her volcanic character. laki has a very special personality. it's very different in terms of eruption style how it erupts, from other volcanoes. it's a so-called fissure eruption which means it erupts along a linear vent system. narrator: a linear vent system works like this. instead of erupting from a single crater lava gushes along a line where the fissure b

let's go to god in our sackcloth and ashes," and we didn't have the literal sackcloth and ashes to put on, so we thought, white. but then also as we put on the white, no makeup, no jewelry, and we cover our hair, so that's how the white came about. so the white was symbolic, symbolizing our sackcloth and ashes. then we decided we would do it fasting and praying. every day as we went out there to fast and pray we thought let's not keep it inside. let's take it outside, and we decided to take that fish market because it was the major highway for president taylor going home and going to work every day. then someone said, "let's picket." at the end of the day we kept our focus. it was about the peace of liberia, it was about the future of our children. tavis: i am struck by, and i want to ask you to comment on this, i am struck by -- and it's in the subtitle of your text, but we live in a world where not everybody values the power of prayer. no matter who you're praying to -- if you're a christian you're praying to god, if you're muslim you're praying -- so you're bringing, again, these ch

. ♪ ashes to ashes the fashion standard. he is a true artist.the man who played with him in his last black performance in 2006. >> to play, you get the real deal. and to feel that voice and the power of that voice and the charisma and see the people just really loving him. >> it is a great experience. >> this new single will only add to his men. as the enigmatic man who shunned and modern celebrity to stay home and make music that matters to him. >> 66 and still creating. there is hope perales. if you want to hear that signal, checkout the bbc's website. we are thrilled. that brings today's program to a close. if you like, can find us on .witter@ thanks for watching. see you back here tomorrow. >> funding for this presentation is made possible by the freeman foundation of new york, stowe, vermont, and honolulu. newman's own foundation. zte. and union bank. >> bringing you closer -- zte. >> at union bank, our relationship managers work hard to understand the industry you operate in, working to nurture new ventures and help provide capital for key

everything but the heart reduced to ash. thank you. . >> i just want to thank george for bringing to bear some of the numbers, some of the horrific things that are happening in iraq right now. this poem was drawn from my experiences in iraq from the culture, from the music and from its traditions. so i have dedicated this poem to iraq. i think it will be helpful for you to know el kubenchi, along with el watanabi. el kubenchi is famous for music, a great history and tradition of music, and he has taught all the gray modern singers of the 20th century who came out of iraq. his music has touched me and you will hear it in this poem, 32 beads on a string. i woke from the nightmare of a gutted macom, not because i have not yet bled my life in yellow, but because minarettes looking sky ward. one burly buffalo looking for hooves and hot breath because the skin is not yet numb and the lights are not yet flickering, i will continue to sip at my hot tea and stare at the dust-colored noon. one white dasha screams with the brilliance o

. >> hi my name is michael ash burn and i'm a residental of the richmond and i would like to show you what i witnessed two days after the orderly eviction allegedded by our current sheriff and again this happened january 7th and what you are seeing here is captains cor value lows that is a [spelling?] volunteer and he makes an attempt to grab people and some miscommunications happened as they were moving plant and he used to work for us as an assistant for gregg gar and you will in the to the right a greenhouse communication here is broken down and what we have really just seen here is gardners who are not part of the community planning process that was started when the meeting were hamming with margin at the mc children lodge and we need to start that process again to avoid violence like this and we urge you folks to put pressure on parks and reek to start an orderly community discussion on this to avoid ugh lieness. i have never seen the force in our neighborhood have to do something like this. it was clear to me, watching this process that they were uncomfortable. i had a long disc

ii justp i just think this guy isp she like ashe like a barrelp she like ashe like a barrel of a guy,earp a bear, whoa bear, who is just holding somep and mom isand mom is likep and mom isand mom is like okay, fine, give mer me ap me a me a break, now it's time to feed them. >>>> don'tp >> don't eat them, they could

ash, it's been real, my dear. blowing you kisses through the double box. i'll explain that at the end of the broadcast. ashry morison, thank you so much. >>> coming up next, your friday morning sports and a new development in the bizarre hoax involving the notre dame football star manti te'o. [ tylenol bottle ] we yeah we both relieve coughs, sneezing, aches, fevers. and i relieve nasal congestion. overachiever. [ female announcer ] tylenol® cold multi-symptom nighttime relieves nasal congestion. nyquil® cold and flu doesn't. relieves nasal congestion. get to sears big weekend event mattress spectacular. get 24 month special financing. and save up to 60%, plus get an extra 10% off. and free delivery. this is eye opening. this is sears we don't let frequent heartburn come between us and what we love. so if you're one of them people who gets heartburn and then treats day after day... block the acid with prilosec otc and don't get heartburn in the first place! [ male announcer ] one pill each morning. 24 hours. zero heartburn. >>> here's a look at the weather

ii justp i just think this guy isp she like ashe like a barrelp she like ashe like a barrel of a guy,e ar a a bearp a bear, whoa bear, who is just holding somep and mom isand mom is likep and mom isand mom is like okay, fine, give mer me ap me a me a break, now it's time to feed them. >>>> don'tp >> don't eat them, they could allall fit in his mouth. that's going to do it for us, we'll see you tomorrow, everybody.

>> cigar ash. an indian cigar.ou will remember my little monograph on the subject of ashes from pipe, cigar, and cigarette tobacco. >> 100 different varieties, if i remember. >> 140, thank you, watson. having discovered the ash, i discovered this stump, which the man had thrown among the moss. an indian cigar rolled in rotterdam. you will notice that the end has not been in his mouth, so he used a cigar holder. the tip has been cut off, not bitten, but the cut is not a clean one, so i deduced a blunt penknife. >> [laughs] amazing. >> among the words mumbled by the dying man, the only word that young mccarthy could understand was the word "rat." >> rat. hmm. most curious. >> come with me. now... what do you read? >> "a rat." >> and now? >> "ball a rat." ballarat. >> that is the word the man uttered. >> australia. >> someone from ballarat. what is ballarat known for? >> its goldfields. miss turner said that her father had met mccarthy on the goldfields. i see the direction which all this points. an australian from ba

the areas since the ash pop population, 25% unemployment, that's worse. economy's gotten worse. there's no foreign investment going into egypt because of the political instability. wealthy egyptians trying to get themselves and money out. who is going to the pyramids; right? tourism, a major source. the ramifications of instability, egypt the leading country in the middle east. so goes egypt, so goes the reason. melissa: we have to worry about al-qaeda setting up shop. >> forty years ago, my boss negotiated a deal with egypt, and the deal was you have peace with israel, we'll give you economic and military assistance. that kept the peace for 40 years. i talked about that yesterday, and he said it worked. now, what's threatening to upset the apple cart? the new muslim brotherhood leadership is reconsidering the peace agreement with israel and making friends with iran and other countries in the region. what if that is getting upset? in addition to that, there's also terrorist groups, which are not morsi. he's muslim brotherhood, but in addition, there's ter

and we developed a way in which we could incorporate replacement material such as flag and fly ashe toent the portable cement and allow a big reduction in those carbon emissions associated with production from that poured cement. >> concrete for the building has a 70% replacement value with recycled materials fly ashe and recycled materials that would otherwise go to waste. reducing our carbon footprint in half. >> the way that we often do buildings in the city are often projects in the city is we go out and we do a low bid. somebody bids on something, we have to do everything that's expected out completely. and everything after that thorable change prosecretary is very difficult. spec ed out. >> we use design bid delivery method. in this one we did a construction manager gc, which really means that we bring the contractor on board as we design and they participate in the design. it brings a lot of collaboration. >> the department of public works decided to try a more team oriented approach with this project. the best value approach. they really went to to us come on board as a team me

i was beyond honored even to be in the same sentence as angeles ashes. it is one of my favorite books and for someone to say it is that of the immigrant experience i was thrilled. there are similarities we both talk about poverty and relationships with parents and struggling to overcome all the obstacles. and to go above and beyond what we ever could. there on many similarities although one of the best things about anglea's ashes is there is so much humor that balances on all of the depressing stuff. and i am not a very humorous unfortunately. i would love to write more humor in my work but i write from a very deep place that has mostly pain and sadness. that is where my writing comes from. i was thinking of one of my idols and how similar we are in that way because she's also painted from a place of pain. that is the way i write. when i am happy i cannot write. that is well i tell my husband because he is wonderful. i say you have to make me miserable. [laughter] so sometimes it is very hard to right when i feel good. >>host: t. you think your experienc

10,000 feet into the sky, plumes of ash as gas in mexico. the 12,000 colima volcano is in a sparsely populated rural area. no evacuations from the nearby towns. this volcano has been one of mexico's most active in recent years. you can see some of the time elapse there, kind of cool. >> it is. >>> the recent storms did a number on a bay area landmark. it was actually swept out to sea. >> this is what the famous arch at tennessee beach along the marin county coastline used to look like. cbs 5 reporter allen martin took this picture a few years ago. and this is what's left. the arch crashed down 10 days ago likely the halt of time, geological forces and rain. take a look at that. >> that's a big difference. >> our earth is forever changing, isn't it? >> it is. lawrence you're tracking it, too. >> i am. we may get some rain back in the bay area. there's a chance we could see snow flurries around the bay area on thursday. got to get that moisture to come in here. today though it's all about the dense fog early on in some of the valleys, very thi

but first, an exclusive interview with deputy defense secretary ash carter a week after the pentagon issued guidance to propair for as much as $50 billion in automatic cuts this year unless congress approving the deficit reduction package and new spending measures by april. hiring has been frozen and travel and training reduced and civilian worker furloughs and may follow. the guidelines came days before lawmakers edged toward a compromise to avert the so- called fiscal cliff. house republicans agreeing to suspend the debt ceiling in exchange for senate democrats agreeing to pass a budget. all this comes as deputy -- as defense secretary leon panetta prepares to retire and former nebraska senator chuck hagel awaits senate confirmation to take his place. carter served for more than two years as the defense acquisition chief where he drove acquisition logistics and efficiency reforms becoming deputy secretary in october 2011. dr. carter great to have you back. >> thanks, good to be here with you vago. >> something that's been making headlines is secretary panetta changing the guidance

ash, good morning to you. >> good morning to you, terrell. asian stockings rallied. china's economy grew to 8% in a quarter. tokyo's nikkei shot up. wall street stocks finished higher due in part to falling jobless claims. the dow jones industrial average was up 84 points on thursday. the nasdaq rose 18 points. >> one big factor that drove wall street stocks higher was stronger than expected housing starts. the commerce department said on thursday that home construction in december grew at its fastest pace in 4 1/2 years. >>> toyota has settled what was to be the first of hundreds of wrongful death lawsuits. the suits are based on claims that sudden unintended acceleration of toyota vehicles caused deaths and injuries. thursday's settlement involved the death of a couple in utah three years ago when their toyota camry slammed into a wall. the terms of the settlement were not disclosed. >>> and american airlines has a new look. the red, white, and blue stripes along the fuselage are now gone. now the american's planes will be all silver and sport a new logo. red and b

. >> if the only way i can get her back is in ashes then i want those ashes. i want mckayla returned home. >> rita williams, ktvu channel 2 news. >>> a judge today postponed sentencing for the father of a suspect. fer nan dez is now scheduled to be stenszed january 28th in the santa clara county court in morgan hill. he's been convicted of 17 counts of sex crimes over a ten-year span involving a girl who was four or five years old when the abuse began. this case is not related to its son who is in jail for allegedly killing sierra lamar. >>> mountain view police say they tracked down a suspect in a cold case murder that sat unsovd for more than 20 years. tonight live in mountain view to tell us what led investigators to this sus nekt. . >> gasia, i talked to owners of the liquor store there who say some of their customers remember this murder case. the woman was strangled and prosecutors tell me that they were able to make all thanks to a very tiny bit of evidence found under the victim's fingernails. >> she was 21 years old from san jose, and on january 18th,

ken ash is a partner at pwc. he joins us tonight from the naz. ken, how robust are these private companies planning on hiring, lots of new jobs or just filling in here and there? >> well, they are definitely hiring additional workers and we're very happy to hear that. you know t is a substantial increase over the last year or so that we have been keeping the data in this report. but we are talking about an average head count increase of about 2.8%. and that's up from 1.6 in prior periods. >> tom: all right so, pretty good there. it sounds like we may see some of those numbers turn out in those monthly unemployment figures. what about the types of injuries that are expected to add to the head count. >> well, we see it across industries in the pwc survey. we do look at manufacturing. we look at product type of firms. we look at services, firms. and all of them are expecting to increase that hiring. we think that's good news. >> tom: manufacturing is interesting because that of course was really hit hard during the great recession. really hasn't bou