if you want, if you want to be, you know, an engineer, if you want to go into audiology, you've got to do this. if you want to become a, an informed citizen and a discerning consumer with good taste, you've got to do these things. you've got to absorb these things. that argument doesn't go very far. >> i'd like to say one more thing on the side of hope, if i may. somebody has to do it. [laughter] let us assume that college cannot solve every problem that has accumulated until then. okay. that doesn't mean that it can solve nothing, and it doesn't mean that changes in what colleges do won't help. you know, a nontrivial number of people where that means, what, thousands of people, maybe millions over the course of years, and it's not all the immediate. i'm going to give you my happy-dramatic anecdote. one of the first classes i ever taught i had an older student. what's his story? well, i was a cop, and i got shot in the chest. and as i was recovering in the hospital, i thought i wanted to do something else with my life. and so he wanted to come back to college and be a high school teach