place around a car, you didn't just build a place around the car, you also built markets around automobility, and if you look into all these factors that shape and build an environment. so if you are going to turn it around, it takes a real and sustained engagement on all of those different fronts. i think one of the sort of weaknesses of traditional planning and urban design is to show a picture of what a good walkable neighborhood looks like and say, well, i showed you what it looks like, why aren't you building it? it turns out to be more of an uphill battle than you first imagined. it is very difficult work and it is work that is starting to yield fruit. there is definitely progress in san jose but also in other urban areas around the country there are crating a more walkable and accessible areas that are more affordable and more livable and better in terms of the public health benefits and so forth, but it is very, very difficult becausestaking work there are so many facets. >> i might disagree. in some ways, streets with sidewalk cafes or narrower roadways, which is actually the subjec

transportation also means that you have more disposable income to spend locally, because if you have automobility as your main way of getting around, and if you use it that goes out of the local economy, but that is not so if you are walking or biking or even taking mass transit. these choices are an enormous source of access to jobs and to opportunity. i mean, imagine if you live in a place where an automobile is the necessary prerequisite to even a first step on the run of economic opportunity -- rung of economic opportunity. it is a huge source of economic mobility in the district of columbia. and finally, i will say that transportation is also an enormous source of innovation, those transportation choices. you live in a city that is like the district of columbia and it has experienced a lot of innovation. think about car2go and zipcar and uber and lyft and all of these other choices. they are taking advantage of things that shows the millennial generation that automobiles, as it turns out, is something that is used 5% of the time and is parked 95% of the time. so millennials were smart enough