ayako: absolutely.dy jassy highlighted on the amazon call yesterday was the impact of some of these a.i. technologies. whether it is code whisperer for aws, duet for google, copilot for microsoft. all of these are going to produce productivity gains. you are just removing some of the repetitive code for developers. i think that will be a big game changer and speed up the acceleration of the changes and impact a.i. can bring across -- not just for these three companies -- but across the board for every company. ed: it is hard to believe we are already basically in november. caroline and i have been thinking about the end of the year. we started with mass layoffs across big tech and cutting back costs. how much of that is showing up now? particularly on the bottom line with tet? that -- tech? that the pain they went through benefited financially? ayako: you heard all of these companies talking about cloud optimization. that is really their customers dialing back on how much cloud usage they are going to h