b. dubois and long standing rivalry, survived washington and shaped the memory. dubois criticized washington in 1903 and said washington excused the south discrimination and blamed the poor black man himself for his own position. dubois blamed washington to many other ills related to the condition of blacks in the south at the turn of the 20th century. over the course of years of research on race in the south and on tuesday ca gee in particular, i desired to set the record street on what i believe is an injustice in historical memory. what i found was something different than the historians who listened to him. washington made public protests against discrimination on railroads, unfair voting qualifications, discriminatory funding in education, discriminatory by labor unions. he raised money for black to tion not confined to many institutions that benefited african-americans in the south. and he arranged and helped and finance lawsuits. and he did all of this secretly because it was dangerous to be a civil rights activist in alabama at the turn of the 20th centur