murder and banquo's ghost." turning the tables on hayne, webster explained that banquo's ghost "was an honest ghost, it disturbed no innocent man, but appeared only to banquo's assassins, macbeth and lady macbeth." by identifying with those who saw the ghost, webster argued, hayne had slipped up, and had unintentionally revealed his own sinister motives. after citing several lines from the play, webster asked, "those who murdered banquo, what did they win by it? substantial good? permanent power? or disappointment rather, mortification, dust and ashes, the common fate of vaulting ambition overleaping itself." then he said derisively, "i need persue the illusion no further." there are many other examples. congressman william jennings bryan began a speech by directing the house clerk to read a passage from merchant of venice. a manager of president andrew johnson senate impeachment trial compared johnson's cabinet members to polonius and hamlet. references to shakespeare were part of the ebb and flow of congressio