even beauregard meant that lee's surrender meant the war was over. the continuation of the war now, they all asserted would be nothing less than murder. mallory and beauregard told johnston it was his responsibility -- he was the only serving general left in the confederacy, and it's his job to make the president see reality, and johnston agreed to try, telling mallory, we must stop fighting at once, and secure peace on the best terms we can. mallory replied it was johnston's duty as a soldier to make that clear to the president. so it was in that frame of mind that johnston attended the final cabinet meeting with davis at 8:00 that night, and according to the notes that were kept by postmaster reagan, davis began the meeting by addressing johnston directly. i have requested you and general beauregard to join us this evening that we may have the benefit of your views. before inviting them to give their views, however, he offered his own opinion that while the situation while serious was not fatal. i think we can still whip the enemy if our people wil

mallory and beauregard told johnson it was his responsibility. he is the only serving general left in the confederacy. it's his job to make the presidency reality. johnston agreed to try, telling mallory we must stop fighting at wants to secure peace on the best terms we can. mallory replied it was johnston's duty as a soldier to make that clear to the president. it was in that frame of mind that johnston attended the final cabinet meeting with davis at 8:00 that night. according to the notes that were kept by postmaster reagan, davis began the meeting by addressing johnston directly. i have requested un general beauregard join us this evening that we may have the benefit of your views. before inviting them to give their views, however, he offered his own opinion -- i think we can still whip the enemy if our people will turn out. everyone waited for johnston's reply. after a poignant pause, he said my views, sir, are that our people are tired, feeling am selves wept, and will not fight. our country has overwhelmed, while the enemies powers were n

johnston, 17th from the same class and beauregard, was last, from i think class of '38. those were the five in that order. if two ever served in the same theater one would have command jurisdiction over the other. and it wasn't the command jurisdiction that bothered johnston so much because he did have command authority in virginia. he was the top ranking field commander in virginia. but it was the idea that the law said i should be number one and you made me number four. that requires an explanation. by the way, the argument against johnston's position here was that johnston was quarter-master general and therefore had a one-star rank. it was a brevet appointment. the rank went with the job. anybody who was quarter-master general of the army became a one-star general but, when he left the job, he would revert to his statutory rank of lieutenant colonel. many people said, that doesn't count. he was a general but not a real general. so that was part of a mix as well. yes. will has a question. oh, i'm sorry. >> let me ask you -- >> oh. the boss is going to ask me a questio

he served on the staffs of generals pgt beauregard, johnston and r.e. lee before distinguishing himself as the finest artillrist in all of the confederate army, not just in lee's army, but in the confederacy. although in our confederate during the war he wrote with almost none of the lost cause special pleading that was evident in the writings of most of his former comrades. my goal this afternoon is to convey a sense of why alexander's books are so remarkable. and to that end, i'm going to start with a little bit of bigraphical information about him before moving on to address how he wrote the books and what audience he had in mind for each of them. he had very different audiences in mind. i'm going to close by reading a few passages from the books that will illustrate some of their great strengths. they'll illustrate his narrative skill. i'll open and close with three of his finest narrative passages. they're great, they're gripping, they're fine narrative but also with almost every part of his book, this is true, they convey interesting information a

he joined beauregard staff chief signal officer in june of 1861 but beauregard then also made him chief of ordinance in his army. and he held both of those toes of joe since johnson's army and then under our really in the army of virginia after that and he served in both those capacities through much of 1862. he did so during the peninsula campaign during the seven days, second bold run entering the marilyn campaign of 1862. and while doing all of those things, he also was frequently called upon to perform engineering tasks of various kinds. he was a really smart, he knew he was really smart and you can tell that he probably found ways to let other people know he was really smart. but he was really smart and so people valued, even they asked him to do a lot of things that were necessarily directly related to what his official portfolios were within the army. lee was one of those, lee and the others however, while he was doing all these other things figured out that where his real aptitude les was with artillery and that the place that he probably would yield the greatest significant ser

lee and beauregard and others who publicly urged southerners to be law-abiding and to focus on rebuilding their political influence within the union. even newspapers that were more critical of these initial letters refrained from writing longstreet off all together pronouncing his march 18th letter a curiosity, the augusta constitutionalist stipulated because of his wartime deeds of valor long street deserved a respectful hearing. the paper then rejected his position saying that the south should not accept the degrading terms of the reconstruction act. and long street was told they cannot ascend to a plan that was so punitive. longstreet's letters filled the minds of his admirers as observed with regret, but this regret soon turned to rage. on june 3rd longstreet wrote a third letter. this one appeared in "the new orleans republican" and it was printed with extensive commentary across the country. this letter was addressed to a former union soldier and staunch new orleans republican named john m.g. parker, as it so happened, the brother-in-law of benjamin the beast butler, no, friend of n

don't ask beauregard has time until then for his pictures and other things as well. kind of help when crises 10 years ago the tsunami hit japan causing a nuclear disaster a national trauma. a group of artists responded swiftly. and usual insights into food bitten territory no man's land radioactive inhumane the tokyo artist collective chimp on the right in the middle of the exclusion zone around the fukushima daiichi nuclear power plant shortly after the 2011 disaster. today the contaminated area has become a creative ground for artists dealing with the ongoing trauma 6 times defeat. look i've yet to see i had annoyed there until i went. when i actually when i was shocked. the fact of the city was empty it was very scary for me. even though i was in the car. there is this place so dangerous there are no people here i thought you were there with that you can see the radiation that's why i was so scared what they are willing across the world or they really need it and it's got 3rd of it a little over there. 10 years ago on the eastern coast of japan's main island of ho

join us beauregard has time until then for his pictures and other things as well. the kind of health crises 10 years ago a tsunami hit japan causing a nuclear disaster a national trauma. a group of artists responded swiftly. and usual insights into food beaten territory no man's land radioactive inhumane to tokyo artist collective chimp arm right in the middle of the exclusion zone around the fukushima daiichi nuclear power plant shortly after the 2011 disaster. today the contaminated area has become a creative ground for artists dealing with the ongoing trauma 6 task. i had annoyed there until i went there it was when i actually went there i was shocked. the fact of the city was empty was very scary for me. even though i was in the car. there is this place so dangerous there are no people here i thought it was a movie you can't see the radiation that's why i was so scared what they're willing to call the war dog they really need it and it's got served at all over there. 10 years ago on the eastern coast of japan's main island of honshu following an earthquake a ts

join us beauregard has time until then for his pictures and other things as well. kind of help when crises 10 years ago the tsunami hit japan causing a nuclear disaster a national trauma. a group of artists responded swiftly. and usual insights into food bitten territory no man's land radioactive inhumane to tokyo artist collective chimp on the right in the middle of the exclusion zone around the fukushima daiichi nuclear power plant shortly after the 2011 disaster. today the contaminated area has become a creative ground for dealing with the ongoing trauma as a catastrophe. there must look. to the sea i had no idea until i went there when i actually went there i was shocked. the fact of the city was empty. it was very scary for me even though i was in the car. there is this place so dangerous there are no people here i thought you could have a bit you can see the radiation. that's why i was so scared what they're willing across the water or they really need it and it's got a little bit of it at all over there. 10 years ago on the eastern coast of japan's main isla

except violet beauregard's she had it coming. and honestly these cookies would benefit from last palm oil and more blueberries. reporting from a girl scout leadership ability this is natalie mcgill or it acted tonight and finally let's get to some of the stories we didn't get to but now we're getting to them so i guess we didn't get to them where they ended leave a anderson here when he got so down in me m.r. there is a coup quite quite some happenings down there quite a bit on february 1st the military overthrew one of their 1st female civilian leaders there unfortunately. people have been killed which is very sad but there is a really strong civil disobedience movement that is happening through labor 99 percent of the railway a boys are on strike in me and more people are boycotting a lot of the industries that the military there has a stake in whether it's cigarettes or entertainment internet service providers people are having it and this movement has been led in many ways by women who are upset about. the stork nature of san

to me a film lover, one of the great sadness is, there would have been no humphrey beauregard. he was a howl and as well. every life matters. so some of the crew were living history educators who had portrayed john howland and i talked about what it would be like to be in the ship, then doing the ropes and rigging them, and they saw themselves as the ship was moving, and they talked among themselves three young men, and to say i could see if ship is if the ship is in dramatic water, the rope spills over, and that is what it is doing in the water with john howland. the power of museums, is we are experimental's, we experiment in archeology, meaning we try to recreate the work of the past. in that recreation, we discover something about those people that came before us. so selling the ship, gives us insight into the original 16 20 voyage. and the restoration, brings this ship closer to the original 19 fifties vision, that william baker had for the ship. it has been newly-ballast id. so it's different than what it had been, it gives us closer physics to the ship. there's so much d

. >> the confederate commander in charleston, pierre beauregard, summons the surrender of sumter.rtilleryman major robert anderson politely replies that under no circumstances whatsoever can he agree to that. so on the 12th of april 1861 confederate artillery opens fire on fort sumter. >> fire! >> as soon as sumter is fired upon the game's up. >> the civil war as we know it begins. and what its end is going to be, now lincoln cannot easily predict. >> nearly 800,000 americans are killed in the civil war, making it the deadliest conflict in u.s. history. president abraham lincoln is tasked with leading the country through the most perilous time it's ever known. and the choices he makes will determine the future of democracy and the fate of our nation. >>> previously on "lincoln: divided we stand" -- >> on the 12th of april 1861, confederate artillery opens fire on ft. sumter. >> as soon as sumter is fired upon, virginia secedes, and the game's up. >> the civil war as we know it begins. >> lincoln immediately called for 75,000 volunteers. >> there was a hugnt

and anyone, i hope my generation remembers the famous movie, casablanca, stirring humphrey beauregardremember wilson has sam, the pianist was going to play and the thing is that the irony, of course, that wilson didn't play the piano. he saying. so somebody else played the piano, while he pretended -- he had a band there, he met louis armstrong, annually armstrong very well. anyone who is anybody and people who frequented, then he hones his own club than after that he's going to own another club which he titles squadron and he's going to run a gym and a massage parlor attached to the gym. he's got all these businesses so he's doing very well. he marries a french woman. they have two daughters >> that's a question and, box thinks france rain. there were rumors that he was -- sometimes people are prone to exaggeration, no, her family was well off. as -- they basically went their separate ways as he was very preoccupied with his enterprise. they would divorce in 1935, who else would be left, he would raise the girls. but the thing was that the 20s were literally roaring in paris and it i

next dailey opened a letter from general pierre gustav beauregard. re-asked what position should i take? lee responded i am glad to see no indication in our letter of an intention to leave the country. i think the south requires the aid of her son now more than any period in history. as you ask my purpose, i will state i have no thought of abandoning her unless compelled to do so. lee reviewed his own humble efforts to regain united states citizenship and then concluded with this passage, which would be quoted by generations. i need not tell you that true patriotism sometimes requires of men to act exactly contrary at one period to that which it does at another. and the mode of which impels them the desire to do right is precisely the same. the circumstances that govern their actions change, and their conduct must conform to the new order of things. history is full of illustrations of this. washington himself is an example of this. at one time he fought in the service of the king of great britain. at another, he fought with the french at yorktown und

so sadly, on april 12th, around 4:30 in the morning, general beauregard of the confederate states had decided that he had had enough, so he fired on the fort. our general anderson, who was there at the fort, held back until about 7:30 and i believe, as soon as he fired that first shot, it was no longer rebellion, it was a civil war. so i would say at 7:30 in the morning on april 12th was the beginning of the civil war. >> thank you so much. thank you. so, president franklin, welcome, you serve the commander-in-chief during world war ii and what's considered the largest military conflict globally. can you talk about your relationships with foreign leaders, united under a common cause? >> yes, and thank you for having us here today. my relationship with the foreign leaders was in many ways much like my relationship with the congress. it was political. we had to find common ground, and we were unified in against fascism against europe and in the far east. but my allies, which were great britain and the soviet union and the united states, we are high different ideas of how to run differen