waggone costs ls to have greeinfrastrture becse is is l-maintence. ths is a mel of a rt of th city the main draina basin. you ve an unrground stem, the whitlis under e ear. the id was to t the aternto thespipes, tget that water tthespumps d push itut. thatas the method. lliams: uth of t matter is, ere is nway to sve our wat issues th just r pps and tbines. 's no enough. will ner be enoug ggoner:ou know,ecades o ing thwrong thg usuall ki you. wgot our ath warning 2005. lliamsif thereas a poitical ll to ma sure tt this cy sees aother 30 yers, it wld meahaving very butiful, very aesetic ueways ong withreenwa thughout t city, us living with water, so that when that next storm comes, because it's going to come--that's a fact-- that water has a place to go other than your cars and your homes and the street. [film advance clicks] reed: at some point after hurricane katrina, people started get reay serious about costal isss, and ty staed to thk about sk reduion, procting pele fm floodi, togeth with restoraon as onthing th eds to baddresse and so we me up wi

it's not becse i don't think we'll have a vaccine at some point in a year to 1 months.nk we are no longer living in the kind of moment we were in the 19th century. my population, trust and confidence anymore. we mention the pandemic with people refusing vaccinations. but even here recently in london and publix where there are mass demonstrations about ople don't believe covid is actually real. they think the whole thing is a hoax. in our movements in america are driven by hysteria. so my worry more is this phenomena that is today. ththat populations no longer trust in medicine. and theyeject medicalization which is why the conspiracy theory, i almost see consertory of thinking of rejection is almost a bigger threat. >> exactly a good point. i think thas absolutely true. i think the populism around the world is a big part of the puzzle of what's happening right now. we have these mtiple crises out the same time interacting. and each one making the other one harder to respond to. so we have the biological crisis of the pandemic we also have the climate crisis going on. an

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but i think it was a very well calculated risk, becse it is a highly risky proposition, but also highlrewarded if you are getting it right. i don't think that pfizer had ever been admired by peoplehe all aroundorld more than the last one week. and only that gives our ard and myself and our employees a tremendous pride that we're able to do that. and the fact that we are connecting our name with ala solution to thest, by far the biggest challenge that humanity faced in the last 100 years, it's worth absolutely the risk of $2 billion. you wrote a letter to pfizer's employees after the first presidential debate. you said... dr. urla, why did you need t write that letter? >> look, first of all, i was frustrated. i'd heard our vaccine, the effort to sa the world, being discussed in political terms, rather thascientific terms. and also i could see the danger of that and the danger of, in terms of public health perception, because when you put the vaccine in the heart of the debate, then, based on your political affiliation, you will think that it is good orad, safe or not safe, and you will take it

>> i think it's been successful becse you can't ignore the problems anymore and the harm of having that consolidated economy are so grea and people are struggling and figuring out how do we fix the economy right now? but then to have more wealth than the bottom 80 percent of america and then to make a living is so much harder than it used to be in that we have other harms with the democratic process like the election or freedom of speech and the cost of healthcare so many have come out to allow corporations in those markets to be no longer competitive we see to be successful you can't ignore the evidence at this point and that is too complicated to do anything about it and i always say i'm confident we can get it working again the current course is not sustainable so i really think it's a matter of when. not if so trying to make it happen sooner. people understand so they can rise up to start pressuring the government to do its job with other antitrust laws to have open competitive markets again. >> this is an issue taken up by progressive activists. and elizabeth warren as a candidate

it costs more, becse when you think in ter of x amount of dollars per mile for a charter or comcast, that's the same cost as myut it might have 200 or 300 homes they might have been that mile or in an apartment ilding setting or metropolitan area. i am lucky to have threeo five o yes, it cost us a lot more for our broadcast stations i the district. it is aifferent story for the rural provider. >> host: when you think about legislative and regulatory issues, what are your big concerns, and what is helpful to you and what is harmful to you? >> guest: what supple to meet is organizations like aca connects that we belong to. there are a litany of others that are probably just, i don't know if they're just as effective because aca has adopted -- over the last 27 years. the best thing for us is to, we operate lean and mean and we understand our business. we understand our communities. we understand the customers that we serve. in order for us to do that, the best thing for us is for the government to get out of my way and let me run my business the way that is -- [inaudible] >> host: do yo

. >> will there be a change from the tramp administration becse president trump was often cricizing section 230. >> that is exactly right. trump is called for an outright repeal of section 230 but for dairy -- very different reasons from the biden sign you have they are allowing disinformation to flow freely on their services were as the conservative argument is more on these bias ainst some of these companies about going too farn moderating conservative voices. i think the challenge will be wh does an actual reform section 230 look like in a world where we have a divided congres because obviously there is a momentum on both sides regulating companies but what does that legislation look like when you have two very different forces driving that push. >> host: john hendel from "politico" yr turn. >> guestthere's a lot of urgency around broadband in large part due the pandemic producing lawmakers in and the white house go back and forth as you're trying to get a bigger relief bill and that hasn't happened. when we lk at the biden team noon the incoming byte administration ty have definitely pu

and felt the way they told you to vote becse they brought you i.c.e. for your icebox timately they came to represent the government that replaced the city of boston and people giving special favors to give everybody equal measure in the american dream but the prosperity created with all the wealtthat it overtook family and the roosevelthe was from old new york and actually kept pleased on - - bits and pieces of the her whole le is strange and sad to me that we saw the statue of eleanor roosevelt and the great monument in washington dc next to the tidal basin and the new roosevelt monument from the late nineties and eleanor was deliberately shown without first. t she wore hers everywhere she carried her handb she always had something for you the crtesies was a civilized woman of her class in time she never gave those up and never worried i'd to be identified or label accordingly and that freedom was a triumph for her and allod her to be rself in ways i think other people were uncomfortable with that she never became uncomfortable to be a wan of her time

security aides approved with their background checks and getting them access to crucial intelligence becse it's in this period when the united states is acutely vulnerable. and instead what we're seeing is a white house, an outgoing white house that is taking steps to delay the process, to extend this fragile handover, and i think what matters now from the biden -- from the president-elect's perspective is to convey -- and thiis important -- a sense of inevitability. i mean, let's be clear about what's going on. there is not an actual dispute over the votes. there is not an actual dispute over the law. there is a state of political, call it what it is, confusion in the mind. outgoing president. and the president-elect is going to maintain the clear sense that he's not deterred by it. robert: ashley, rachel mentioned that former white house chief of staff john kelly did tell politico on friday that, quote, you lose a lot in the transition if things are delayed. and it threatens national security. as evan just mentioned, do president trump's close advisors recognize the risk and are they com

someone that there are women who came over here seeking asylum, and they were given hysterectomies becse they had a different color passport. so as i do i my work, what i say we've got to shift this whole political paradime with this phrase, i've beenaying it,or the love of humanit before everything weot did. that literally i was making a vote for the love of humanity. i w supporting policy for the love of humanew. what would that look like? i was supporting candidates for thlove of humanit wee have to be crageous. fundamentally what i think is happening in this country, where we are, where we are right now is we all have beenomplicit, right? the republicans can blame the democrats all day, the democrats can bmes republicans all day, but t bottom line is if covid-19 didn't show us anything else, it's tt we're interconnected, right? on some level what i do is going to impact you and what you do is going to impact me. so i am hoping we will rise above wheree are right now and we will get to the place that we can move beyond these boxes of partisanship and reay focus on making decisions and

of china which are covered in your book if trump we not reelected is china just going to crush us becse we are going to go back to the ways thatork. donald trump? >> both parties have sold the american people on this notion of the american dream but they dream is actually a nightmare and it's being dra china closer to us. they haven't become more like us. we have become more vulnerable and they have. him as morbid they prey on us by stealing our intellectual property and i think lying to the world about their intentions in the south china sea and the way they try to dominate their region in a really oppressive way think we have to see china with clear eyes and tried to build democracies out of ludden sandon arab militias in the middle east and we would see that chi is building skyscrapers in cities and aircraft carriers and again a very reagan approach here is needed. we have to see china as a type of threat that could try to replace america in a world that they control. reagan saw how damaging that would be two or country of the soviet union prevailed in that worldview and i think the

offices, leadership staff, the committees, the most -- the closest relationships are always foreign becsethat is where they spend time in committee, on both sides of the aisle, where compromise gets done, and attack every reform, every new form of filibuster gotten rid of, aggregating more power in the leader's office and it was becoming like a house. that was also part of his motivation for voting the way he voted. the subject of the speech he gave the day he returned from phoenix tohe senate. the vote itself i went home, spent a day with him and went home and i have been crisscrossing a couple times the count because of his surgery and myife and kids were in main i was at our house in the dc area, i said i will go home and get some dinner and i thought he was going to vote against it and because i am getting a little old i ate one nner, sipped the scotch andell asleep on the couch and was awakened at 1:00 in the morning by his then chief of staffaying he voted against it and i re-watched it it was prayed over and over again. getting lobbied by both sides intensely, he was the last perso

theater and if we don't start ing that in business schools i don't think there will be much less to do becse the a.i.'s did everything else. i think this idea, the second thing the ceo friends of mine say, once you start looking to avoid trade-offs, you get better at it. and it's a matter of how you frame the problem, i would only add to this one of the most ingenious trade-f companies was in ron, they figured out a way around trade-off, they were incredibly questionable or downright illegal. there is no guarantee that no trade-off gives you the best but if you don't frame it, if you freight entering treatment for trade-offs i'm certain that's what you'll find. i'm not just suggesting there's more value to be creative. >> thank you, he asked you prioritize stakeholder groups one over the other in our employees increasingly important given the trends and i would add we had dan speaking to that some time ago and what h talked about the ceo of paypal with constituency, shareholders, customers and employees, he said he focuses on his employees because of their happy the other two will be taking

. >> like to s something about that becse this is all about food being cheap. cheap and easy.order for food to be sheep, only way is to buy food that's industrial pulled deuce. not to pay the people who are preparing it or serving it. and that is why the food is cheap. now since the beginning of time, food has always been considered precious, don't waste any little thing, save everything. i always think of josÉ when i say that because he said you know you by expensive organic chicken i can make for meals out of it he can make six, you know if you know how to cook. but the thing is the fast food industry has made money on taking advantage of the cheap price and in chasing people to buy that big food because it is cheap. and we need to really expose that right now for what it is. it's all wrong, it's all wrong. >> host: so could you lay out for people who might not know i spoke with you a few months back towards the early days when people were actually getting kind of violence in those early days. could you explain the situation for a lot of restaurant people what the conditions

you will always be able to go out d get a market wage ande able to do that becse there is no power over the employment market. sohether you want to be an entrepreneur or whether you just want to go out and earn a wage, you will have the libty to do that and to earn a good living. not a huge amnt of money but to just be free and have nobody tell you what to d nobody able to tell you what tohink. so the very first law said every ngle person but there is a twist to this, we'l will get 160 acres of land. every ngle person gets 160 acres of land. but the twist was i the first law everybody gets 160cres of land if you are black, you get 160 acres. and everybody gets a vote. every man gets aote. that means if you used to b a slave i doesn't matter to district attorney it doesn't matter what the color of your skin and what your condition used to be. and everyone has to live in a town and have a school in their town and there's not going to be any corporations. this is the law of the united states there shall be no corporations and there shall be no speculators in the system. all of the infrastr

mow interestingly, president trump has also needed to prepare for theossibility of a second term becse most people don't think about that as aransition but, in fact, it is. second term president usually lose almost half of their most senior people, so they have to reset the government, they have to think about how they want to operate differently, how they -- what they learned from the first cycle to the second. so thatt was my first poi. the second that i would just respond on your comment is to saw that the, in fact, the obama team did a reall strong job of preping for the possibility of a trump or a clinton win. and they followed the model of the bush administration which really has created the gold standard of handoffs. and president bushol didhis because he recognize that our country was vulnerable ding a transition,hat there was a national securit imperative to insure that thatandoff was done effectively. and head his own expience both in termsf the handoff from clinton to him and also husband experience with 9/11 that really -- his experience with 9/11 that really shaped his vie

of jews who rained in germany were those w were going to israel found that theyouldn't live there becseit was in the state of war and came back t germany and they were groups of orthodox jews who remainedn germany but for the most part the israelis accepted the js and christians but whether they could've treatedhem better on they got to israel and there was also some resistance to bring them into the coury but israel didpen its doors and felt a obligation to take in as manyews as wanted to come to israel. >> this question goes back t one of joel's but more specific from carnegie council bly, are there any lesns we learn from the last million when looking at the u.s. border with mexico? >> yes, yes, yes. let me start with two, there has to be a fact-based approach and we can't let just as the jews were kept out because of this rift wh the bolsheviks so the, all of us have to do everything we can to counter mexicans who don' want to work hard or criminals or hondurans and colombians who are gang members there has to be a fact-based realism but at the same te you know, humanitarian interes

knows that it came back there was a lot of blood in the water and a lot of cldren have lead poisoning becsef drinking the water. numbers wer really criticalor what the cause of the problem was. it turned out that the ep of the environmental ptection agency has standards for water safe levels of wind and water and there should not be let in water in the clean water act said nobody should use lead pipes anymore, that was 1986 but old pipes are grandfaered in and flint, michigan had a lot of old housing with old pipes and then the cdc uses numbers to say how much is a safe level of blood in anybody's blood, you can do a blood testing count particles of blood. the cdc said no level is safe but above a certain level we should be concerned, about five we should be concerned but we don'need to treat until a person is about 45. but helping theitizens of flint they invited a water engineer to come in and test their water and he figured out right away that there was probably blood in t water because of the corrosion from old pipes so he tested the water and sure enoughhey were at very high levs. mich

for children in cars, we need to event the accident or other medical conundrum we haven't solved yet becse they are going down one area into another. it's largelyrue not onl with genetic diseases so yes, sometimes you com across one of the ones not solved y but no sense of fatalism. there's like okay, this is one of the one we still have to solve. how that translates to the parent this is a great thing, a certn promise. i talk about a promise of safety and you go into parenthood nowadays, with never had arantees, it's all these putting your heart on the line in so many ways but there's this underlying assumption that unless one of the terrible tragedies happen, your child will live to grow up. i do thinknk what that does to parents his place a tremendous responsibility on the parents. if i say to you, if you make the right decisions take the right precautions starting with taking the baby homerom the hospital in a car seat and putting that by down in the safest possible sleep position, you do all of these this right, you can keep your baby safe b there's a certain emphasis on the you. an e

couple weeks where chinese enagers now go to make out and hide from their parents but the town itself becsee, the rallying point becomes a brutal target for the japanese expeditiona army which it bombed merlessly for weeks. when the airfids are destroyed, they impress the chinese and slave labor to manually break up the airfiel fopickaxes and shovels which is a brutal kind of slave labo there is some evidence, compelling evidence that japanese even used chemical weaponon kudu to kill civilians. the doolittle raid provoked thisuthless response against the chinese. the question that was raised, a lot of those did not come t in time for the trial. the amican understanding of atrocities against the chinese even in 45-46 were largely reservedor dan king. those revelations came tough scholarship done in the past 20 years some of which is in my book and tre is another scholar who worked on it too. >> is your book being translated into japanese a published in japan? >> guest: i hopeo. i don't know to be perfectly candid. a number of japanese people have read it and appreciated it. they said they ap

to do it because this is such a beautiful, traditional season, but, you know, hang in there with us becse there will be future times when you can do it. so maybe oa sacrificew of something that you really like would pay off in th protection of the health and safety of a loved one. >> woruff: weertainly hope most people, if not everyone, will heed that advice, but we know that some will not. but, dr. fauci, i want to ask you about what some healthcare leaders are sying around the country, not just in urban areas, but the leader of a mor healthcare group in the state of idaho said today he's seriously concerned that, in coming weeks, they're going to have to decide who ged care an who doesn't. do you see these kids of the month ahead?ially coming in >> yeah. it is really conceivable that if we don't turn around the trajectory of this surge, judy, that that will happen. in fact, just about a week ago, there was a physician from a t large largest healthcare facility in montana who was saying that they had 25 intensive care unit beds but over 40 intensive care newton ut patients who had to be

no, becse it's more complicated but that means embracing mtiple measured and not getting into this circulation thing. i would also say it's super important for business executives to return the back on again at least a half century trend in the world of this is towards reductionism. we have marketing, sales, operations, h.r., et cetera. break it down, perfect each one and then add them back up. that's how all business schools are organized. that's how companies are organized and each of these domain have expertise. the problem is as peter drucker before he passed away told me, he said roger, there are no accounting problems, new marketing problems come to finance problems. there are only business problems. which you have to admit is right. however, the teach businesspeople to identify is this a marketing problem next get out my marketing toolbox and treated as a marketing problem. that type of reductionism is creating companies that think they are being efficient but they are being narrowly short-term efficient and broadly long-term, testily inefficient and ineffective. the last thing i said b

and again, i say that becse i was a most forced to do tha back in 82. and i think it was suc a meaningful thingo be able to have writtent down as to what i was really about and wt i'm trying to previous that's aig obstacle. >> so can you to touch onome things about our current political culture. to get behind it. >> we don't have enough time. mack: for the whole thing, with the social media, we have got to figure out how to do with them . in the weather folks watch this documentary lled the social dilemma. it is on netflix. everybody in america i do see that. to undstand how social media is manipulating us and if we unrstand how we are being the belated parade of never going to stop people from doing it. but we understand it is happening, and try to learn how to deal with it. it would be ihink one of the most significant things that we could do and change. jeb: i saved make sure that we focus on the things that we have in common. and reestablish shared valued entrenched valuesnd what it means to be americans. so moving forward in these but we are doing

it is not free you pay for it through your taxes but it is a much more efficient system becse you don'tl this administration complexity and hassle that is eating up a huge share of u.s. health care spending -- probably more than one third. so by simplifying health care, moving it away from a business to public service, you save a lot of money that allows you to cover everyone and also remove copayments and deductibles, which haveeen a mar problem in the aca, especially for people with exchange coverage. duringr. woolhandler, joe biden's run for the presidency, his counter to bernie sanders and elizabeth warren and others who are pushing for medicare for all was to expand medicare coverage to lower ages. where do you see, given the results of the election right now, the prospects for expanding medicare coverage is right now? >> well, there is another election in two years so we don't have t just focus on what can be done and it the next 24 months. we need to be focusing on what the american people neednd what is the correct system to get everybody covered for all medically neceary care w

i just covered it on oxygen's instice series to keep it off e back burner to keep attention on it, becse i want her children t have some kind of peace. >> i'm glad you mentioned the oxygen program because i promised thatefore the hour was up we would talk about some of your other tv projects you having good on right now. quite number of them. >> so proud of that. oxygen injusticeust kicked off season two we get literally thousands of cases. well, right at a thousand that we poured through to come up with these 11. one was about -- was a case i got personally involved in regardingn iraqi war vet that came home from iraq, couldn't fi a job, desperate to find a job for his family, his wife, amanda, and their little girls. heind a job at the quick trap. he was headed the that direction and cops tell the wife andis mother, he just left you. he left you and his children. they never believed it. i got so many e-mails on -- well, facebook messages about it. i lood into it. and got the case. he did a -- got cader dogs and personally found the guy that had seen him last, found him in a flop house

it was interesting becse the next day after that repo, fox news reported it wasn't trump who requestede plants but actually robert o'brien, his national security advisor requested it from his staff. so it seems to be that right now we don't actuallknow the full story. what we do know is that presiden trump is the first president in decades who has not started a new war and he has run the ft that he does not -- he is against these wars, these foreign interventions in the middle east. what is going to do in the next two months is unclear, especially given his loss and how he is responding to it for the presential election. yet we also know at the same time that these reports are coming out, secretary pomo and his state department are continuing to impment new sanctions on iran on a weekly basis. the state department as well as the department of treasury, th put on new sanctions two days ago. there seems to be report they will be designating the houthis and a him as a foreign terrorist organization. there closely aligned with iran. the heartny reports sanctions against syriand iran which

they were college each as objectors can imagine the family feelings when ike goes off to west point becsen't wait any longer for his younger brothers to put them through college. >> fascinating. if you want more details there in the book. the next picture is meeting with khrushchev which was a very -- grandfather had a very interesting idea. you mention and we're talking about earlier. i don't think very many people know about this but when he was talking about the distinction between what what was going ong the cold war, it was a matter of capitalism versus socialism or communism. it was -- >> yes, jesus actually in the speech of the commonwealth club that it's really -- he actually -- it's about openness, democracy versus authoritarianism. and then he goes on to say it's about a free and open society, as opposed to a close and secretive society. i just thought that was rather intriguing. >> a lot of times in order to fight the enemy that is perceived you become like the enemy and become secretive yourself sometimes. >> george, if i could add two things come something about this picture.

i found them of great help in understanding the book and where you are, becse there are so many players whiche'll also get to. thank you, da i provided backgroun maps, maybe four or five samples for each map produced and i indicated what i wanted on each map, but i've always been a believer, you can never hav too many maps. they're actually critical a so i was able to prevail on, you know, the publisher to produce the maps i hoped covered every possible area of interest in the course of the story. >> you did. and i think they're crucial to understanding and it difficult sometimes to know where everything is in modern day math without seeing it in yours. now, yr last book, as we lked about, was "the earth is weeping" and in that you presented a cultural -- indian culture west of the mississippi. did youind the native culture in this book east of the mississippi different? >> significantly different. and that w a surprise to me. significantly different inhat greatly assisted, and their predecessors in building inter-tribal alliances andhat is to say that once you got past the iemembroquoi

they might say okay, i need to sort of check can get this working here becse this will for me.his i something that will help migrate from the class. this will design and help others as well. so what i'm arguing here is think about engagement i think the most impornt engagement activity is to be thereach week as a student attention activity. collected on paper or electronicly inhabit make a minimal conservation towards the grade of your student. i always asked the students in class to the spring annotations o passages targeted i do for example i'll put them in groups. they get a paper copy and then the dent i always tell them then take the crap outf the thing. what you did write everything down that you can think of. keywor, things did it remind you up. the goal is to brainstorm everythinghey can think of in relationship with t poem and once i've done that we sort look att all together as he will make sense okay and things they want to be abl to consume going to do this kind of thing, the studentset, accounted is very low stakes. he said all that matters ishat you do it. and he

on the other hand,f you're going to war, if you're fighting becse you need to protect a core interest and it lasts as long as it lasts. i never imagined myself wanting to quote lindsey graham, but when heaid you maybe tired of fighting isis, but isis is not tired much fighting you, i think that's an important thing to think about as we try to ntain the threats and minimizing the threat and impact and costs of doing that. i look forward to the witness's testimony. and withhat i'll turn it over to ranking member thornberry for his opening statement. thank you, mr. chairman and i have to say it is good to be back in our armed services committee home. and because this may well be the last hearing of this session of congress, i want to take a moment and just express appreciation to you and to the staff for the way you have dealt with incredibly channinging circumstancchannin anning-- challenging circumstances in covid and we've pressed ahead with hearings, pressed ahead with having our bill passed overwhelmingly on the floor. house in conference now with the senate. so our business has con

n,agtht' the oussand of tmpruotesotesng bot b ro au irizo a becse tete wthonederesi ovoveve 'sth wat'sre readsds a i meone voned v fonoredonrump anda etng assureassususuy c t t y d n ppen in mic mn, folksolks we ted,allo wereere through multiple times. in pens veins ya, we weren't able -- pennsylvania, we weren't able to see how the ballots were process evidence. this is a massive problem. why were they rushing so fast to push these through unless they had something to hide. we put out example after example of dead people voting in georgia and pennsylvania. you talk about ballot harvesting with stacy abrams. there are a number of specific examples that have been put out there. we want to make sure all of them get their opportunity in the court of law. maria: it's just extraordinary. meanwhile, georgia's becoming the new focus you in the presidential race, the senate race, senate runoffs, officials announcing a recount in georgia by hand of all 5 million votes for the president. joe biden currently holds a 14,000 vote lead ahead of president trump. and we know that doug collins is handlin

saying -- amna, i'm coming to you on this becse you're the one who is looking at how the a.p. these calls. they felt comfortable enough, but they did not ll it right away. >> they did not. we've seen that number be zero in some places. what people need to understand is they areot just -- in some cases you wonder how they can call a race before election officials have even released they're looking at a very broadata set. they have people who know so a.p. is putting outut. explainers with each race, saying this is why wefee confident about this ca we're making. ey're looking at information acrosshe boar in analysis, voting itatistics, it is historical pal trends, and information from vote casts, which, as eru mentioned ear voter surveys 140,000 people, capturi the in-person and early mail-in votes. >> woodruff: and that is much large than the typical poll size, which may be a thousand, or 15 tian 00. 1500. rstsouth carolina's fi congressional district, charleston, the low country, i want to see if we can pick uphat is going on there. that is joe cunningham, the democrat.is he wa