this is belgrade. capital city of serbia. less than two miles from the city center, serbia's largest and most infamous prison. centraini zatvor. known locally as cz. >> my parents are from belgrade so there was a bit more emotion going to a prison in serbia than say other prisons around the world. cz has an ominous reputation for serbs. it's where inmates went in, and then you'd never see them again. >> cz opened its doors in 1950 and has housed countless political prisoners, including opponents of the late serbian president slobodan milosevic. many were still there when milosevic himself was incarcerated here in 2001, while awaiting trial for corruption and war crimes. today it houses some of the nation's most dangerous criminals. including the assassin of a former serbian prime minister. >> translator: they have committed all kinds of criminal offenses. basically every criminal offense on the books. these include organized crimes, war crime and other serious criminal offenses such as homicide. >> like american prisons, cz f

specifically in belgrade, there was genocide that happened there.here was potential additional genocide. that was in the kosovo area. an interesting case of trying to see whether humanitarian interventions are defensible, and what people on the other end of the gun barrel think. brian: pause here for a second. did you find people -- did you try to find people in all these we werehat thought terrible with our intervention and people who thought we had done the right thing? mr. gruber: i went with a completely open mind. gett of all, try to interviews through contacts and making contact. serendipitously through places i was staying or people i met. and then getting interviews. there was a wide cross-section in all of these places. all of the serbians i talked to said milosevic'twas terrible. a year after he was thrown out of office. the issue was -- and in panama as well -- there is a spectrum of opinion whether they welcome does welcomed us in order to accelerate that event or if we were infringing on their sovereignty. i went to all these places wit

touring the grounds of zabala, a maximum security prison located in the serbian countryside outside belgradeeverywhere. all you could hear were the sounds of birds, birds, birds, birds. that was very surprising to me. you couldn't escape it. >> the prison's garden-like grounds and collection of birds, including peacocks, are part of a renovation project. prison officials felt a relaxing natural environment could help their rehabilitation efforts. >> it did have, actually, a much calmer feel than i expected. the buildup was pretty big. serbia's biggest, most notorious prison, then here i am with peacocks and birds and cats wandering around. >> in fact, when we wandered into the prison's shoe factory where inmate workers make dozens of shoes per day, the scene was more reminiscent of a disney film than a prison. >> this is our pet. >> this shoe shop was a pretty unique area that we got to film in. and just the fact that all the shoes were being made by hand. and then, we're in the middle of a conversation with a guy. and a parakeet comes and lands on the guy's shoulder. it just -- everything c

belgrade is contraband decision into the last of the three men that ci and we will give both later in chapter three to accounting. the brief outline of sight this. frank baker and james had been put to work until they the better fortifications when they learned their owner plan to remove them further south to labor for the confederate army and separate them from their families. they decided to look at portman route. the colonel sent an agent that the slave law. but refused and colonel malory had built a forest and armed rebellion against the united states. and so the rules of war confirmed authority to confiscate the three slaves as contraband property. in a stroke of about 30 slaveholders with the legal property of their owners to release owners to really slaves from the owner's crass and illustrated how work could create possibilities unavailable in peacetime. the phenomenon of the civil war contraband camp was born. wherever the union army went, tens of thousands of enslaved men, women and children made their way, brave and almost all the risks to get there. heavily armed search pa

belgrade, bucharest.ll of these famous cities and the populations around them why in the soviet sphere and are subject in one form or another not only to save it influence but to a high increasing measure of control from moscow. everybody talks about how great that speech was, how famous, but no one mentions it was a massive disaster at the time. churchill wrapped in there a lot of pleas for a special american-british relationship. it was met with protests. don't be a ninny, winny. even the nationalists accused the british leader of being unable to free his thinking from the flags of empire. so he makes this iron curtain speech which truman helps craft as a child -- trial balloon. after that, they said we have to back off from this. the american public is not ready for these approaches yet. in february, 1947, i came to comscore says we can no longer maintain our mediterranean commitments to people like greece and turkey. we do not have the money. so then truman will feel he has to march into the gap with

so what the cathode ray, if you put cathode ray and the magnetic field, belgrade. but he said will be things been? no, they won't win. cathode rays don't go through very much. if you put a piece of paper they don't go beyond. they will go through piece of paper. he did a series of experiments over six weeks. it has been said that in six weeks he learned everything that would be known about x-rays for the next 100 years. the other things that have been learned since then, but he did such an exhaustive investigation of x-ray for about six weeks he buried himself and by the time he was done he had a complete understanding of the operation of x-ray. he didn't understand everything and in a sense he was likely. what he did not realize at the time was that x-rays are wet was called iodide stained radiation when they hit nonliving material, they will kind of destroyed a little bit. bit by bit, just a tiny little day. over time it cannot up and be dangerous. luckily for rank and he did his experiments in a dark room and said he did that to keep light out. what he didn't te

we went to budapest and warsaw and prague and belgrade in east berlin. that trip had lots of impact on me. >> host: in what way? >> guest: well, in terms that seeing what what these people had lived with and how quick they were ready to come back into the system. i mean, your later someone from czechoslovakia said the youngest member of his parliament to tom foley, and said, teach us how to run a congress. and that guy came over, tom sent him over to my office, his name was martin verse six and martin burson was in my office, and i had an opportunity to help shape the beginning of the parliament in the czech republic. i mean, there were so many things that have happened that were related to trips that i took. i took trips to africa. i went to india in 1991, and i went there are 30 times afterwards because i fell in love with india. it's the most complex country on the face of the earth with six major religions and 18 official languages and north and south and muslim and, you know, it's a society you never totally understand. and i helped deal with their