>> that is the way it is being interpreted in both berlin and paris. there was only 1.5% separating sarkozy and hollande in the polls. whatever the opinion polls are saying, the races still open. it is in this context that chancellor merkel made her remarks pointing out that 25 heads of government had already signed the fiscal pact. it has been ratified by two states already and it is not up for negotiation. as hollande has been suggesting. >> he is still the front runner according to the polls. if he wins, are we looking at a head-on collision between france and germany? >> not necessarily. socialist president's in france have worked well with conservative chancellor is in germany. think of helmut kohl and mitterande. or even the reunification of germany. hollande has a reputation of being a very solid, courteous, defendable politician. if elected president, chancellor merkel will have to make some concessions to him. she would do that for the sake of franco-german friendship, the motor of the project. it is possible, of course, that after elections t

>> live from berlin, this is the "journal" on dw. >> berlin appeals to ukraine to allow german doctors to treat the former ukrainian prime minister, who is on hunger strike. germany's economy as britain did back into recession. >> on world malaria day, will look at attempts to find a new vaccine to fight the killer disease. >> there is growing concern over the health of ukraine's former prime minister, yulia temoshenko. >> she is in prison and suffering from debilitating back pain. >> on top of that, she claims jail guards beat her last week. since then, she has been on hunger strike in protest. >> this is more than just a case of international medical aid. it could determine future ties between the ukraine and the west. >> if kiev agrees, she could be treated at berlin's's hospital. the hospital chief already examined the imprisoned former premier twice. if it were up to him, she would be here now. >> for several months now, she has been under great psychological as well as physical stress due to pain. add to that a hunger strike, and i personally find the situation quite worrisome. >

world and berlin and closed them. the train lines and canals and highways and they had five million troops surrounding berlin and east germany and we had 1500. and a cabinet meeting harry truman pull his cabinet, chief of staff, whether it could be done and they all said no. it was impossible to carry that much food in the air particularly since we demobilize totally at the end of world war ii and truman said i will thank you very much in stood in the doorway and turnaround and said do it. and we did. >> i know the genesis of your eisenhower book. spend so much time doing earl warren. one day you are sitting in the office say i am not busy enough at the newspaper. i have written a book on earl warren. i will take autobiography of eisenhower. what happened one day? >> let me say how delighted i am that richard was excited about the berlin airlift. i got a call from an editor in new york that scott and i work with and she was convinced there was an important eisenhower presidency book and a lot written about eisenhower.

advocates are concerned. >> these three young ladies are visiting berlin for a few days.he adidas shop, they can show their friends at home the latest styles in the big city. all they have to do is try things on, smile into the camera, and the snapshot is posted on facebook. direct from the shop. >> it is new. i never heard of it before. i think it is cool. after all, who was not on facebook? >> all our friends can see it. that is cool. >> when we go shopping and they are sitting at home. >> the adidas shop in berlin is one of 10 the company is opening in major german cities. the new brand is aimed at teenagers between 12 and 17 and for selling to them, multimedia is absolutely essential. >> that is really the only way to reach this target group. >> they all have smart phones. they are all in social networks, and that is how they're now willing to. so that is exactly the way to address them so they feel involved. that is why we do it. >> adidas is not the only business using this strategy, but data protection watchdogs are concerned. customers this young are aware that th

it is a place the only visit on holidays. >> berlin is an ethnically diverse city. what my home town used to be like. sadly, it is not anymore. but i hope that time will come again. and my country will again be multi-cultural. >> they experienced that multiculturalism daily, like in the soccer team that their son plays for. the team members come from a wide range of ethnic origins and diverse backgrounds. this is just one among many. would he like to play for germany one day? >> for bosnia. why? because my parents are from there. but when we visit bosnia, after two weeks the kids start saying they are ready to go back home. >> home to berlin. the family or is allowed to stay in germany after the bosnian war because of the children. the twins were about to be born. the parent said jobs and more rapidly becoing integrated. >> my brother and i speak only german with each other, and i speak german with my mother, too. i used bosnian only with my father. i prefer german. >> the children have grown up as part of germany, and their father, too, has adapted to new life in a

it is the 360-panorama of the berlin skyline that draws visitors. the tv tower used to be a symbol of a divided city, but it is the symbol of a city that has come to get their. now everyone from the east or west is happy to visit and experience the tower. gean boust as, not just over comet be ch of fothfahf tfoow ofheene se - thhetaonac e y e ito t -- 20 yrs. s a mystical place for pilgrims to seek to follown ri'thsteps, and the crowds grow larger as >>t is very special. it is the most special evef my life. tbe cistian today is vey ecl,ndt aig >> roman catholic tradion mmores4 stations of the cross, beginning with jesus's pontus pilot. -- condemnation pontius pilate. each week, a procession of the cross. years. >> it allows us to follow i jes'eps. the idea is that we travel with m. weee tdo as he did in times of pain and suffering, t especially in the help of the resurrection. that is the true meaning of christianity. t yngerman women have taken up residence in a hostel for pilgrims. they have just graduated from high school. bair in jerusalem toxpi

out of millions of possibilities, berlin's phone rang. >> hi. my name is jason.lege. >> reporter: when berlin answered the college student on the other end of the phone sensed something wasn't right. >> something just sounded off. are you okay? >> reporter: another student might have hung up but this one called in his supervisor, danielle carter. >> hi. are you okay? >> no. >> do you need us to call someone for you? >> no. >> you sure? >> danielle doesn't take no for an answer. she stays on the line and calls 911 in duchess county. they call local responders who encounter another problem. the address berlin gave danielle -- >> 140 west 86th. >> reporter: west 86th street. >> reporter: was wrong. berlin actually lives on west 79th street but using her phone number the fire department was able to track down her correct address and get her the help she needed. >> the man from the ambulance said i would have died during the night. >> reporter: today danielle and jason paid a visit to berlin, who wanted to say "thank you" in person. >> i'm danielle. >> i owe my life t

i caught up with europe's most powerful politician in berlin. what she reminded me was that it was a very rare interview. her christian democrats are not very popular but she herself is very much admired. she is seen as honest, pragmatic. she told me in perfect english that she would enjoy our small gift of british tea and biscuits but she chose to be interviewed in german. >> i have been talking to many german people and the one thing that almost all say is that we're becoming more and more irritated with spending money which goes far away and spend five people that perhaps we don't entirely trust. do you share some of their irritation? -- money which goes far away and spent by people that perhaps we don't entirely trust. >> no, i don't feel the same way. we have to think about how and where we shape the future. we're not looking at the past with how people live today and how they will live in the future. we have to be very careful not to live beyond our means. democracy is all of the world and they are used to spending more money than they hav

>> live from berlin, this is the "journal" on dw. >> nato reaffirms its commitment to afghanistan, but another soldier photo scandal shakes up trust on all sides. the german cabinet approves increased powers for german soldiers fighting pirates in the horn of africa, and t minus 100 days until the summer olympics, and london says everything is on >> the "los angeles times" newspaper has released a photograph showing u.s. serviceman posing with the bodies of dead afghan suicide bombers. heavy criticism. >> they overshadow a nato meeting in brussels designed to map out what role the alliance will play in afghanistan once foreign troops are gone. we will have more analysis from brussels and washington in a moment, but our coverage begins with what came out of the meeting in brussels. >> speaking to media at the meeting, the nato secretary general was quite clear on this point -- nato will remain committed to afghanistan beyond 2014, not as a fighting force, but to train and assist. >> it is in the interest of the whole international community to see strong and highly capable afghan securi

>> this is" from our dw status in berlin. cease-fire plan, but on the grounds, the fighting continues. >> on a visit to the czech republic, the german chancellor promises to not pressure prague. >> california police say they have a motive for monday's college shooting that left seven people dead. syria says it has started implementing a united nations- backed peace plan, which requires damascus to withdraw troops from towns and cities within a week and observe a ceasefire. forces are pulling back well ahead of schedule. >> the united nations says officials will be in syria in two days to monitor the truce. damascus has agreed to withdraw its military by april 10. right now, though, the situation remains volatile while. >> the violence continues despite the government's promise to continue pulling the army out of towns. these videos posted online today claim to show homs. they cannot be verified. the syrian government is still strictly controlling journalists' access. president assad says he will stop -- start pulling troops b

to go back to early in his campaign, his presidency in 1961 when the berlin crisis was going on he talked about the need to build fallout shelters. that caused a real stir, and not a panic in the country, but it raised the levels of fear both in the united states and the soviet union that maybe this particular war might occur. were as limited to the cuban missile crisis, he's much more trained in how he handled the crisis. obviously, a lot of it was done behind the scenes, but he tried to keep the rhetoric cooler and try to work through it with a diplomatic solution. >> professor snead, what's the new frontier part of this? >> the new frontier, he wanted to have a new frontier. that was his campaign promise. basically a new direction for the country. he believed the eisenhower administration and republican policies of the '50s had grown stale. and that the country wasn't doing enough to show -- you want to see growth economically that the country and had no expense for a while. things have been pretty steady economic growth but not to the levels he thought were needed. he thought the u.s.

♪ >> a warm welcome to the "journal," coming to from dw in berlin.onth. >> recession concerns in the eurozone as unemployment hits a new high. >> 30 years since the start of the falklands war. ♪ >> the international envoy kofi annan says the syrian government has agreed to pull all of its military units out of towns. he told the u.s. security council that syria says it has already started the pullout and that it will be completed by april 10. progress has been made in reaching a cease-fire, and the u.s. ambassador says washington doubts the new commitments will be enacted. in syria, the fighting has continued in that the rebel stronghold of homs. >> this video posted online claims to show showing in homs. it is impossible to verify what is happening in this area with the government strictly controlling journalists' access. other videos claim to show more fighting in idlib. as well as protests against the president. these demonstrators are chanting "al-sadr is the enemy of allah." more and more serious are trying to escape the violence by crossing int

♪ >> welcome to the "journal" here on dw in berlin. am brian thomas. >> i am ben fajzullin. >> the two surviving leaders of turkey's 1980's to go on trial. >> mario draghi once the eurozone is not out of the words yet. nobel laureate after he publishes a poem in which she accuses israel of threatening global security. -- in which he accuses israel of threatening global security. ♪ >> confronting the injustices of the past, a landmark trial has opened in turkey. two retired generals involved in a coup over 30 years ago, both symbols of a time when the military dominated turkish politics. there ex-president kenan evren and the former air force chief tahsin sahinkaya, aged 94 and 87, are being tried in absentia due to poor health. they face life behind bars if convicted of committing crimes against the state. a number of victims held a vigil and outside the courthouse in ankara. many one other former junta members tried as well. thousands were arrested during the coup and hundreds died. >> for decades, the military held a very special pos

♪ >> welcome to the "journal" here on dw in berlin. am brian thomas. >> i am ben fajzullin. >> the two surviving leaders of turkey's 1980's to go on trial. >> mario draghi once the eurozone is not out of the words yet. nobel laureate after he publishes a poem in which she accuses israel of threatening global security. -- in which he accuses israel of threatening global security. ♪ >> confronting the injustices of the past, a landmark trial has opened in turkey. two retired generals involved in a coup over 30 years ago, both symbols of a time when the military dominated turkish politics. there ex-president kenan evren and the former air force chief tahsin sahinkaya, aged 94 and 87, are being tried in absentia due to poor health. they face life behind bars if convicted of committing crimes against the state. a number of victims held a vigil and outside the courthouse in ankara. many one other former junta members tried as well. thousands were arrested during the coup and hundreds died. >> for decades, the military held a very special pos

but france's relationships with berlin and brussels have hit

it's a wall that looks so much like the berlin wall looked when i lived in berlin and reported from berlin dryer to 1989 when the berlin wall came down. it is security and yes, it's wrong to equate the two but it certainly isn't wrong to compare the two. the architecture is so similar standing in downtown calexico and looking south as someone who lived up against that wall and west berlin, it is beyond e-rate. we don't have the automatic machine guns that are triggered by somebody crossing the free fire zone and we are not i think trying to keep ourselves in the way that the east germans were trying to keep their people in east germany. we are we think trying to keep people out, or so we say, but in fact what you learn from calexico very quickly is that wall is keeping us in and it is radically changing life and has radically changed life in calexico where the community, the communities of calexico and mexicali, something that was once one, is forcibly bifurcated against the will of the people who live there. they are at the mercy of mexico city and sacramento and washington were decisions

berlin ballista through vienna.o kennedy missed khrushchev after the bay of pigs and is clearly thinking i could take to escape. any brutalize kennedy. >> guest: i told you there'd be 70 million people caught in nuclear war. khrushchev says with a blink of an eye jacob what else is new? kennedy couldn't believe it. imagine that a person. it's another escalated battle another tougher batter. it would shake anyone. they came back inside and the demand has led to face nuclear war over berlin. and that's where is different from ice. come back after that and say you shouldn't step up and kept the brinksmanship. he had the upper hand. by early 60s, he read the manifesto coming out of khrushchev's mouth. he would be messing with the guy. at that point the rocket fast would be moving ahead in africa. they are feeling their posts. if we are ready to play, they're ready to fight. good to play with them and be careful with the russians about berlin because kennedy at promised during the campaign and 60 that berlin was worth a

what about all the americans in berlin especially?well, has anybody really written about them before? and i went through and while there are plenty of individual stories, memoirs, biographies, nobody had tried to use but their story together and somehow they faded from the personal consciousness of people that it just seemed like paris of course and as that has that romantic aura to it. but the real place to be in the early 20s was berlin. it is the cultural capital of the world. renting it dietrick, albert einstein and other parties. it was an amazing place. but because of what happened next, i think the large extent the idea of viewing this as a place where americans came in great numbers by the way, they were very popular they are coming much more so than the french, surprise surprise. they came there and saw this wild scene, including wild parties and people like josephine baker who appeared in was mostly known for paris days came over and staged her show in berlin in the mid-20s and even though they were already racist protests i

still take west berlin. we still want west berlin. he signaled pretty clearly take what you have to take to protect your soviet realm. do what you have to do but no war. easy to anyone to argue we should have been tough but tough is not a metaphor. the consequences, we would have been better off with a nuclear war because outside of that the russians back down or we backed down or neither side backs down. the fear kennedy got was -- world war 1, 2 and 3, each side does what it feels it has to do step-by-step you create a rube goldberg situation where both sides find themselves killing each other over something both sides didn't want to do. that is where presidents differ from historians. >> host: we will continue major points the little diversion to presentation. remember going to the news conference. think about asking a question in the state department auditorium. >> host: in the back of the room. we think about the wicked. this wasn't scripted. questions were used softball but not always. he couldn't have thought of answers in the

>> live from berlin, this is "the journal. these are our top stories at this hour. india launches a rocket. domestic violence and muslim immigrants. we have a report on the challenges of integration in germany. and germany fell leading economic institutes forecast growth for europe fell largest -- germany's leading economic institutes forecasts growth for europe's largest economy. captioned by the national captioning institute today. india has successfully test fired a long-range missile capable of carrying nuclear warhead. it is powerful and accurate enough to reach major chinese cities like beijing and shanghai. >> washington has already urged india to use restraint. we begin with this report. >> with a range of 5,000 kilometers, the agni-v is india's first long-range capable nuclear missile. the launch was described as an historic milestone. p>> it is a tribute to the sophistications -- >> the missiles india has also -- has already deployed in january could only reach pakistan and parts of china. the new rocket could put beijing and shanghai within range and pote

. >> the german chancellor has been hosting berlin's third summit on integration. she invited 100 people from all over the country. >> the discussions are aimed at better integrating the children of immigrants and helping the master of the german language as a top priority. >> on his way to afterschool coaching. the second grade student's first language is turkish, so he is getting extra german lessons in berlin. his parents found a course on the internet, and they were granted a scholarship. >> our foundation gives tutoring scholarships to children from low-income families. that means the children of families that cannot afford a private teacher. >> the foundation is funded by private donations and is handing out 150 scholarships are around germany. children with an immigrant background benefit the most. after a year of private tutoring, most see a marked improvement in their grades. he is also enjoying his german glasses at school. >> german language was his only problem. he is very good in math. >> his sister will also start lessons here in the summer. the proje

. >> brussels has been waiting for years for berlin to enforce the rules. when the government initially implemented, germany's court halted the process. its 2010 decision said the law needed stronger data protection. in this latest row, chancellor merkel made clear she expects the just a minute -- the justice minister to forge a compromise. >> if we cannot reach an agreement on political matters such as this, there is an option for discussions with the chancellor. i am not implying that will happen in this case. >> the eu commission has set another deadline for next week. if germany does not comply by then, legal action and possible fines may result. >> hang up your phones. we have more news coming up after the break. stay with us. >> welcome everyone. muammar gaddafi did not last long enough to face justice, but that is not the case for his son. on wednesday, the chief prosecutor at the international criminal court arrived in the libyan capital, partly to talk about the fate of men who already faces trial in libya. the chief prosecutor is already stopping

some people are talking about bringing her to berlin within a couple of weeks for treatment. if she did leave ukraine, you might wonder when she will be able to return. >> thank you. >> indian police say at least 100 people have drowned after a cab ferry sank in india. 250 were onboard. many are still missing. the vessel was in the northeast of the country. the local police chief says the accident was probably caused by strong winds and rain. are rescue operation is underway. >> burma's opposition leader aung san suu kyi says she will take her place in parliament after losing the battle to change the oath of office. >> they said the wording of the oath favor the all-powerful military. >> now they are backing down. this as the un secretary-general ban ki-moon encouraged the new democracy. >> aung san suu kyi and her party colleagues say they still disputed the wording. the object to the constitution because it gives the army extensive political power. aung san suu kyi will pursue change from within parliament. she says "we decided to compromise in this situation because we do

he learned as the president of the first year he struggled with foreign policy issues with the berlin crisis a summer meeting in khrushchev that did not go well. he admitted. he learned to be more calculating, think before he spoke, a tendency to use rhetoric that is the most inflammatory come led talk about the need to build a fallout shelter. it raised levels of fear that a nuclear war might occur but with the cuban missile crisis, he is much more restrained. he tried to keep their rhetoric cooler. >>host: professor what is the new frontier? >> he wanted to have a different. [cheers and applause] this a campaign promise. a new direction. he believed the policies of the fifties had grown stale and the country had not been enough to show its greatness. the fifties had steady growth but he thought the u.s. should do more in science. thinking of the state's program, he had it as is goal to put a man on the moon by the end of the decade and put to a lot of resources into that. but hope for the future. to challenge the country to have hope. >>host: what do teach your? >> par merely u.s. m

it says berlin alone needs to raise its global development aid by two billion euros. >> for years, ament a demand the rich nations of northern europe or north america giving money to africa and asia. now the german aid organization says that model belongs firmly to the past. >> those days are over. emerging nations like china and india play a much larger role in the global economy now. they hold american government bonds. we see these countries is becoming important that were themselves receiving aid just a few years ago. >> the middle class is developing in these emerging economies. even so, the gap between haves and have nots remain enormous. >> a few years ago, it was quite different. >> the report says that india, brazil, and china must do more to help the port, and industrial nations have to make good on their promise to give a 0.7% of gnp to fight global poverty. >> no way, -- norway, the netherlands, denmark, they have managed to do that. unfortunately, germany landed in it 10th among 15 of the european oecd countries. >> but the german government says it has increased develop

well thanks to as you point out thanks to isaiah berlin he's in fact studied quite a bit but he's in strode an early difficult figure to study. first he he knew too many will think which is. he and he wrote in all of them you know and he wrote masterfully in all of them and this story and himself has mastered all those languages is a rare bird indeed. and so you you you have that trouble the other parable is that even when you look only at his russian his russian is not simple he has foreign words thrown into it he invents words. and he has plays on words all the time so it's not trivial to do it also i would say that i did i did really didn't and his language just sort of reminds me of soldier and it's very hard to read it's not sort of easy reading stuff you know i think there's something to that on the other hand you know some great writers. have have looked and said this was one of the greatest of us all. you know untold story one point said his time will come because he knew him and met him in london you know and and knew of his writings even though he didn't agree with that he

then reagan went over in 1985 where there was the berlin wall. he made a great speech. and he had made friends with gorbachev. he still was determined -- he wanted to get that down. he said this in his speech, the state department was horrified that he said such a thing. mr. gorbachev, if you want peace, bring down this wall. the germans were thinking that mr. gorbachev lives on the other side of the wall, and reagan is going to be gone tomorrow. everybody was stunned. suddenly, the german people picked it up on both sides of the wall. gorbachev knew that he was having problems. first of all, he had a terrible economic start -- the people took power and you saw the whole eastern bloc of the soviet union began to crumble. reagan was out of office at this point by a dear, -- by a year. if you could think of one single point that brought down soviet communism in the east, he actually -- satellite countries such as czechoslovakia, poland, hungary -- he went to visit moscow and gorbachev. gorbachev was happy about it. reagan made a speech in moscow. he talk to these guys. th

i came to berlin to talk to germans about fukushima. why are people here in germany so afraid of nuclear power? >> because it's not safe. nobody can tell me it's safe. just look at chernobyl, look to tokyo. >> o'brien: what is it about germans... they have a very strong negative reaction to nuclear power. why? >> i think germans are a little bit more afraid about things which are out of control. we had that accident in russia, and i remember the time here, when i was here in this market, and the people say, "can we go out of our rooms and go still for shopping?" we are a little more afraid of things which we can't control. >> we can't... we can't handle atomic energy. >> o'brien: why not? >> well, all the people who are really in charge and competent know that they can't deal with this kind of energy. >> o'brien: would he like to say something in german about nuclear power? >> o'brien: people here are afraid of nuclear power. >> people are very much afraid of nuclear power. they don't want it, they hate it. >> o'brien: claudia kemfert i

that france's relationships with berlin and brussels have hit a rough patch the french election if you look at the campaign in france i think because on the right side there's mrs le pen this is a brand wants to reintroduce her for the french franc the french currency christmas all wants to renegotiate the the the treaty on the fiscal compact incumbent nicolas sarkozy is no exception pledging to freeze france's e.u. funding and bringing back border controls over in the left corner. a rally rejects europe's budget belt tightening pact people are uneasy with the fact that they or contributing to the failed policies in other parts of the u. then people don't really understand why is it that there's more and more legislation coming from the european level in member states have to adjust it for the mostly pro euro french public it's about jobs and social security just as brussels and berlin want tough cutbacks. and that doesn't rest easy with voters who gave a resounding no to giving the e.u. machine even more power seven years ago even though it's been a perfect tool to offload questionabl

and he has reported from tehran, geneva, berlin, new york, tripoli and other key cities on the iranian issue and currently writing a book on the diplomacy of the iranian nuclear crisis. our second speaker is barbara slavin who specializes on iran at "the atlantic council. as a public policy scholar at the woodrow wilson center for sol lars, she authored bitter friends, boss some enemies, iran, the u.s. and the twisted path to confrontation, assistant managing editor for world and national security at the washington times. in 2008 and 2009. prior to that served for 12 years as senior diplomatic reporter for usa today where she covered such key issues as the u.s.-led war on terrorism in iraq, a policy toward rogue states and the arab israeli conflict, avoiding three secretaries of state on their officials travels and reported solo from iran, libya, israel, egypt, income, china, saudi arabia and syria, all the garden spots. our third speaker today is of ali nader, a senior international policy analyst at the rand corporation. his research has focused on iran's political dynamics, decision