last year, we held two hearings in regard to the bernard madoff fraud. those hearings contributed to reforms that we included in the consumer protection act to better and power and equipped the sec to do its job. today's hearing build on those and reflects our work with ranking member richard selby. the hearing looks to the past performance but also the future commission actions for improvement. let me review very quickly the situation. in january 2009, the sec charged robert allen stanford's and several associates with orchestrating and $8 billion ponzi scheme. according to the complaint, the defendants promised and probably high interest rates and misrepresented to purchasers that their deposits were safe, that the bank rate invested clients' funds primarily in liquid financial instruments. although the examination staff found strong evidence that stanford was likely operating a ponzi scheme as early as 1997, the commission did not bring charges against him until 2009, 12 years later, only a month after bernard madoff's boehner on the scheme was expose