at the same time the law clerk, alexander bickel wrote a long study -- and it's clear people in 1968 who opposed the amendment did not think schools ought to be desegregated. people stood up and opposed the amendment and said, don't worry this isn't going to apply to school. in order to say the schools are covered you really have to move around to 1875 when the congress was more liberal. this is a problem for originalist, brown is hard to justify over original interpretation and no current justice as done a great job in deciding why it is -- >> i'm going to stop there. we'll get back to that later in the program. fulton is watching us from maryland, you're on. >> caller: yes, my -- >> we're listening. >> caller: -- comment is, do you think that after 100s of years of segregation that the impact on black families that they had in the past is there some type of reparations to the justice system for black american families? >> thank you. >> well, that question has been debated by a lot of people, and i think that there are certainly the arguments to that effect. the -- i think most peop