joining us now is bill brattin who led six police departments around the country including new york city brattin, thank you very much. "the professor, the arc of policing in america." according to a recent survey homicide rose 22% in 2020. during the belong of may crime was up 22%, shootings were up 73% compared to may 2020. it certainly affected the voting so far in the new york mayoral, what do you attribute this to? >> well, to the causes, the influences are still being debated and clearly, the prevalence of guns in the hands of too many young people that have no control in their lives. a lot of these killings and shootings are gang related in new york city and over foolishness, basically. the idea of the coronavirus influence also cannot be underestimated and the criminal justice system and the united states shut down and the trials, people arrested and released on bail and back out on the streets again. there are so many factors involved and it does require more study going forward. i celebrate the president's announcement later today and i have the press announcement this morning a