been the biometric all along. you should have been working on that and we would have had that done a will the sooner than four years. otherwise when you indicate you're not going to look for people who overstayed, yo

the problem or the logistical -- the reason why there is no biometuchen-edisb biometric system is quite frankly it is not easy at exits. the lanes and ports have always been designed for entry. the architecture has never really been designed for exit so that's an issue. and cost and man power are issues. >> maybe a briefing from your staff would be helpful to me. >> be happy to provide that. >> thank you, mr. chairman. >> thank you, senator sessions. senator blumenthal? >> thank you for your service and for your very steadfast and effective work on behalf of our national security and your words earlier on behalf of the secret service. i think all of us share your view that they do, to use your word, a marvelous job of protecting the president and many other law enforcement functions. i want to follow up on a line of questioning that senator graham began in terms of looking forward, the kinds of systems, maybe analogizing the secret service to the military that are used in that context. i wonder if you've given any thought to additional steps that can be taken to safeguard against but al

. >> well i would just say that come in my view it should've been the biometric all along. you should have been working on that and we would have had that done a lot sooner than four years and otherwise when you indicate you are not going to look for people who have overstayed, then basically you are saying we don't intend to take any efforts to enforce really an entry/exit system in the united states. and that allows the countries that are approved for visa waiver i think to have an unfair, unlimited entry into the united states. >> senator we have gone back and looked at visa overstays and we have racked and stacked them according to biographic information we have about the overstays. turning that information over to i.c.e. to prioritize its enforcement operations. and that work is already underway. the problem, or the logistical -- the reason why there is no diametric system is quite frankly it is not easy. they abbas been designed for entry. their architecture has never been designed for exit, so that is an issue. and then cost and manpower issues. >> maybe a briefing f

for example in afghanistan and iraq when our military captures high value detainees, they do get biometric identifiers from them that could be used, can be used by law enforcement agencies and the department in the united states when identifying people coming across let's say the southwestern border without the appropriate visas to make sure that they're not coming in for, you know, to commit acts of terrorism and other violence. >> senator, if i might -- >> it strikes me that this dna evidence -- i'll be glad to let you answer -- this dna information would be vitally important and enormously useful not only in assisting your department in terms of border security and immigration enforcement but also to help law enforcement at large in terms of identifying people who come into the country and commit crimes that currently are unsolved. please go ahead. >> thank you, senator. and i didn't mean to interrupt. but we do run illegal immigrants against a variety of data bases. and i think i should supply you with that information and then i will look specifically into the issue of dna with the fb

biometrics, information sharing are part of the answer to that equation. i'm of the strong view that, you know, we've seen this all over the place. i'm of the strong view that checking millions and millions of people, making them go through lineups, making them go through screening is not in and of itself an effective way to identify the potentially dangerous. we have to have more sophisticated ways of doing that. >> i think you were just describing tsa. but having talked to the -- having been in at the creation, i just would say a couple things. one, we're getting smarter about how we do that. but, two, we have in our country and i assume you do, too, layered security. we don't just have one way to try to catch people. and these things are all deterrents. unfortunately they're also, some of them, enormous inconveniences and seem very silly. i would just point out one of the things that tsa is always hit with is why do little kid have to checked, or babies? well, if some of the folks trying to attack us have no respect for human life and are happy to use b

use that as a platform for the biometric. >> in my view, it should've been the biometric aleman should've been working on that we would've had that done a lot sooner than four years and otherwise when you indicate your not going to work out for people who overstate, you're basically saying we don't intend to take any effort to enforce an entry exit system that allows countries that are approved for visa waiver or anything to have been unfair, unlimited entry to the united states. >> senator, we have gone back and looked at these overstays and mocked and stacked them according to biographic information we have about the overstays and turning that information to transcend into prioritize enforcement options the network is already underway. the problem for the logistical -- the reason there's no biometric system is it is not easy. the lanes in the pores have always been designed for entry. the architecture has never really been designed for exit. but that is an issue. and then cost and manpower are issues. >> may be a briefing from your stuff would be helpful to me. >> be happy to provide th

the last program i would like to briefly discuss today is tsa's maritime biometric program called twic. in terms of progress, it is a tals has now enrolled 20e6r million maritime workers in the program. however, our 2011 report identified a number of significant internal control weaknesses in cart enrollment, background checking, and use that we believe have limited the security benefits in the program. in fact, these weaknesses may have contributed to the breach at selected u.s. facilities during covert tests we conducted as part of this review. we recommended that dhs and tsa strengthen program controls as well as complete an effectiveness study to clarify the current program's contributions to enhancing maritime security. tsa -- i mean dhs has established a working group with executive oversight to address our important twic report recommendations. we look forward to seeing the the results of this committee's work. in closing, tsa has established a number of security layers and programs to thwart potential terrorist attacks. however, our past work has identified a number of ways the

researchers at northwestern university identified biometrics into depression. in a small study of 28 teenagers it accurately identified patients suffering from depression. scientists will conduct larger trials to confirm those findings. and apparently being happy is good for your heart. doctors at harvard found people who are optimistic and satisfied with their life are less likely to suffer a heart attack or stroke. previous research has grown shown stress can increase the risk of heart problems. ,,,,,,,,,

the problem, the reason there's no biometrics system is it is not easy. the courts have always been designed for entry. the architecture has never been designed for exit. that cost manpower issues. >> maybe a briefing from your staff would be helpful to me. >> happy to provide that. >> thank you, senator sessions. senator blumenthal. >> thank you for your service and your effective work on financial security and your words harrier. they do to use your word marvelous job. i want to follow upon a line of questioning senator graham began in terms of looking forward to the kinds of systems, analogizing the secret service to the military that are used in that context. and additional steps taken to safeguard against and monitor the kinds of abuses that obviously occurred or allegedly occurred. >> we are in tents on doing a thorough examination. how to do it now and what we need to do to improve to make sure this never happens again. all those kinds of options are on the table. >> switching to a different subject, i was recently approached by same-sex couple. on

then i compared the two together in a biometric program called easy voice biometrics and that was able to discriminate the difference between the two and come to a conclusion of whether it was or it was not zimmerman. >> and the only thing that you could achieve here, tom, is whether or not it was zimmerman. you don't have a way of determining whether it was trayvon martin. >> that's correct. i had no samples of trayvon martin's voice to compare against. >> you need to compare audio to audio. what ed, what method did you reach to if come to the same conclusion. >> i listened to the 911 recordings and listened critical listening skills that i have developed over the last 28 years of my career. the voice is like a symphony and used my skills to determine what i have already declared. >> ed, you are using an old-fashioned piano tuner's method, the human ear, highly tuned and trained for distinctions. tom, the test you have run, would they be admissible in court? >> yes. i have already testified and admitted this software and methodologistology in the state of connecticut. a murder trial i

and then i let him know that possibly he may want to look at the biometric side of it and so forth.d that. that's what you hear on the newspaper's website. i've prepared special tapes, and you can go down those tapes if you wish. >> tom, are you ever contacted by police departments? did the sanford police department contact you? >> no. not that i'm aware of. >> they have not contacted you. would it be unusual for a police department to contact someone with your area of expertise and have them analyze 911 tapes like that in conducting their investigation? >> no. i did the case in connecticut for a police department, for the prosecutor's office. >> okay. i'm curious if this is a large group of people that conduct these types of specific inquiries. i mean, have you heard of anybody in your field being approached by the sanford police department, asked to conduct vice identification analysis? >> no, not to my knowledge. >> are there a lot of people who do this? i mean, would you be the guy in the area to do this? >> well, let's say i have the most longevity in this field. it's a very lo

the last program i would like to discuss today is the maritime biometric provincial program. in terms of progress, tsa has and rolled over 2 million maritime workers in the program. 2011 report identified a number of significant internal control weaknesses in background checking and used that we believe has limited the security benefits of the program. these weaknesses may have contributed to the breach of selected u.s. facilities during a covert test we conducted as part of this review. we recommended the strength in program controls as well as complete and effectiveness study to clarify the current programs contributions to enhancing maritime security. dhs has established a working group to address are important report recommendations. we look forward to seeing the results of the committee's work. in closing ,tsa has established a number of security layers to thwart potential terrorist attacks. our past work has a defined in number of ways this could be strengthened. i am hoping that today's hearing can provide some additional insight on how these programs can be strengthen

>> well, basically it's a biometric system which is able to delineate two different voices.xt and even out of the same language, if need be. and that's a new technology. that's not the old technology of voice identification as it's been practiced for 70 years. it's the same technology used by the cia, the nsa and the fbi to follow terrorists and al qaeda members and so forth by following their voices. >> so, tom, obviously some of where you're getting this audio is neighbors who were seeing what was happening and called, so it's not a phone that was right by where the scuffle was taking place and there could have been background noise. so how good is the audio source? is it good enough that you can say for sure or not? >> yeah, the audio sources are pretty good. it's a rather high signal-to-noise ratio in the zimmerman tape and the 14 db signal to noise ratio -- that i refer to as the screen tape. and that's adequate to make a comparison. >> so on a percentage basis are you sure it was zimmerman or mostly sure or what? >> well, i feel confident within a reasonable degree of

residents were even issued with biometric id cards. this badge a neighbour's way to answer a leaflet. seven years later the badges are no longer needed the city is now under the control of the iraqi army but flew to remains the hardest place in the country to get into. i think if you need a guarantor to enter and he must be from flu shot. i've been asked to be responsible for you for safety reasons you can't just walk into fallujah no no not like that. as we approach the city attention mounts in the car not stop filming put a camera down. the. here we are at the entrance to fallujah one hundred meters from a border post within a country. the iraqi army is checking each car that passes to take any camera you need special permission and an armed escort. but to give us freedom of movement we'd rather enter illegally. to see. if there are several cars in front of us and we're in the third one we're waiting confesses. thanks to abu yunus one of the soldiers with us through for his own safety we don't film him. after an hour's wait we finall

according to the report, the software used biometric analysis to compare the 911 audio to zimmerman's voice. the expert says there is, quote, reasonable scientific certainty that it's not zimmerman calling for help. a sample of martin's voice was not available for testing. one of the experts who tested the audio tells msnbc he believes the evidence is strong enough to use in court. >>> overseas this morning, the violence continues to syria as the obama administration joins an international effort to prop up rebel fighters there. top officials met this weekend in turkey to discuss ways to end the brutal crackdown against anti-government demonstrators. the u.s. is sending communications equipment to help the opposition organize and to avoid attacks from forces loyal to the regime. several arab nations pledging up to $100 million to pay the rebels' salaries. although the group stopped short of directly arming the rebels, hillary clinton says the syrian regime is under increasing pressure. >> we have agreed on not only more sanctions but a mean of enforcing them. we now have a sanctions c

it has a biometric on it. although the readers aren't in place yet, the coast guard does have portable readers they can use to dorandom checks as well as do the checks as far as the port security inspections and vessels security inspections each year. >> a section exempts mariners who do not need access to a security area obtain a twik. coast guard policy letter 1115, implements section 809 but still requires those seeking their first mariner credential to visit a twik enrollment center. essentially complete the twik enrollment process and pay the enrollment fee. i understand the exemption is estimated to apply to potentially 60,000 of 210,000 licensed mariners in the united states, is that correct? >> that is correct. today we have only had about 68 take advantage of that provision. >> why do you think that is? >> for some they see that twik as an employment possibility. if an employer were to ask why they don't have one, they see that advantage to us to have that credential. >> i see my time is expired. i yi

i wanted to raise with you, is another long standing issue of mine, the visa waiver program and biometric exit. for many years i've been trying to get data on visa overstays for each country. to no avail thus far. last month dhs assistant secretary david hammond informed me by june of this year dhs will have a fully operational biographic exit system in place. it's going to provide real time information on those who exit united states airports. this new exit system is expected to allow you to calculate over stays per country by may of this year. here's the question. i think this is very important. we've got 15 million people that come in every year. we don't know whether they leave or not on a visa waiver. is dhs on track to have a fully operational

they want to implement it in you know before anyone else so you know you hear the things about the biometric id cards that are implanted with your genetic d.n.a. you have ira scanners that are already operated operating in a bunch of airports around the world and now they're just trying to expand to land border crossings and places like that they didn't think it would come back and yet they're really concerned because what happens is if you have to go into a country and these ira scanners you use that's their identity that's the only one they get for ever before it was like you know pick an identity yeah i mean it helps the defending the country though from spies you know if we send some guy under a secret identity over to china and he's trying to gather information on the chinese government the chinese are going to be better at identifying that so it improves defense in that way and you know it's going to improve the united states is defense which is going to piss off the cia when it comes to their often thought and it's going to mean the end of the james bond movies which is really depress

all of the components that we're required under the law including iris and thumb print as far as biometric capability. do we, mr. sadler? >> we have the capability to include an iris on the chip of the card. >> you do not have a standard for iris, right? >> that's correct. there is proposed change of the standards to include iris. >> i have to go back because this is not going to be groundhog day. but i had a hearing april 14th, almost a year ago, and we had in the, well, the director of the nhtsa information lab testified, and i have the questions here. when will you finish the iris capability draft publication, this is last year, hopefully before next week. and when will you finish the final standard? by the end of the year. that was last year. now, i was told at the beginning of the year it might be what, this summer? is that what you've heard? >> no, sir, i haven't gotten a time. >> you don't have a time. they told us this summer. so we're now going into our ninth year. it's great that we produce these twic cards at great public expense at a half a billion, then i read that you're stil

wanted to raise with you is another long-standing issue of mine, and it's the visa waiver program and biometric exit. for many years, i've been trying to get data on visa overstays for each country to no avail thus far. last month, dhs assistant secretary david hay man informed me that by june of this year, dhs will have a fully operational biographic exit system in place. it's going to provide realtime information on those who exit united states airports. this new exit system is expected to allow you to calculate overstays per country by may of this year. here's the question. i think this is very important because we've got 15 million people that come in every year. we don't know whether they leave or not on a visa waiver. is dhs on track to have a fully operational biographic exit system by june of 2012? >> senator, i believe we are. the final plan is in the clearance process with omb. but that is our intent. >> good. will dhs be able to provide overstay rates per country by may of 2012? >> we should be able to provide some of that information if not all. >> good. thank you. >> thank you. we

well ten years ago biometrics robotics spies and state surveillance were the makings of a side by flickstarring tom cruise from the summer of today many scenes from the hollywood blockbuster minority report arguably become an american we ality with life ominously imitating art your walking down the street of the camera takes a picture of you is able to compare it through facial mapping is able to compare it to your driver's license photo or some other photo maybe a mug shot maybe a surveillance photo and say all right marina was on the corner of forty second and . three o'clock last saturday in addition to facial recognition new york city's police department is just one of many law enforcement agencies that also require citizens to undergo an iris scan before being released from police custody. in the past six months iris scans have been taken from hundreds of occupy wall street activists placed under arrest by christina gonzales they really don't so you why they just say it's another form of identification and it's really creepy to have someone holding up the machine to your phrase and

can we do more on each side of the border, such as biometrics to allow good people to cross faster andier? >> yeah. beyond the border initiative i mentioned earlier, enhance investment in biometric, in information sharing between our various security agencies, those are all part of a program that we put together with the obama administration. the principle is really, is really very simple. it's how do we, how do we increase the ability of ordinary businesses, ordinary travelers, tourists, friends and neighbors, to cross the border regularly and seamlessly, while at the same time being able to identify risks and threats and identify them early. and for biometrics information sharing, all of those things are part of the answer to that, to that equation. i'm of the strong view that, you know, we have seen this all over the place. i'm of the strong view that, you know, checking millions and millions of people, making them go through linux, making them go through screening is not in and of itself an effective way to identify the potentially dangerous. and we have more such as gateways are d

every camera on every street corner, every fingerprint, every bit of biometric data that is on file is a monument to him. >> rose: ahmed rashid, peter beinart and tim weiner when we continue. funding for charlie rose was provided by the following. captioning sponsored by rose communications from our studios in new york city, this is charlie rose. ahmed rashid is here, a best selling author and journalist. for three decades he'ses reported on afghanistan, pakistan and the rise of the taliban, the late christopher hitchens called him pakistan's best and bravest reporter. his latest book is called pakistan on the bring, the future of america, pakistan and afghanistanment i'm pleased to have him back at this table. welcome, my friend. >> thank you very much. >> rose: good to see you. tell me where we are, give me a snapshot of where we are in this moment in terms of afghanistan. >> i think in afghanistan everything right now is up for grabs. all the assumptions that were being made three to six months ago are proving wrong. and i think new assumptions will have to be made. for example, the

camera capabilities that are in phones and if they have individually a part of the kit, they do biometrics take retina exams, and that's what these soldiers were charged to do is to get fingerprints and get rett nol pictures of these -- sadly, these severed parts. that is something that is really part of the environment that needs to be adjusted and needs tobacco dated. >> it can be shared so easily as well, and here we are. sebastian, what about the negative publicity? how do you think that affects the troops there? i mean, you spent time with them, and how do you think this is affecting the team there? >> i think anything like this is hard for a lot of soldiers. this is not good behavior. it's interesting in that photo from what i can see, there were also afghan security personnel posing along with american soldiers, so i'm not sure that there really is a kind of afghan-american cultural divide here, at least in this instance. the worst thing can you do as a soldier is do something that increases the risk to yourself and others on the battlefield, and what we saw with the burning of the

knowledge and i look forward to your report, that is more in the nature of fingerprints and other biometricidentifiers and it did not extend the dna testing of detainees until the congress passed the dna fingerprint on 2005. see you understand i know the issue and i would very much welcome your response to me in the committees that we can help you to the bottom of that. be not good. >> mr. chairman can i.e. old joke that i remaining time. thank you. >> thank you, mr. chairman. welcome, secretary napolitano. >> thank you. this one question the secret service episode. what opportunities did this behavior creates for compromise of the president security, for instance if the had connections with colombian criminal networks or foreign intelligence services? i'm not saying that it did, but it seems like it's the kind of behavior that would render an agent vulnerable to blackmail and influence have criminal networks and foreign intelligence services were aware of it than that as a potential avenue for compromise of the president security. >> senator, we are still completing the entire investigatio

one positive step they have made is this biometrics system. think about two years ago we started scanning any afghan employee in the afghan insurgent or any insurgent for that matter so we could track them if they're coming into the system again. recidivism and so forth. a rule of law and failing states is one of the most complex challenges we will face anywhere we tried to do nationbuilding. >> the rule of the law there is not habeas corpus but habeas corpus. and unfortunate all it takes is one jerk or a few jerks to create havoc in any community. >> thanks for your question. >> congratulations on the book. can't wait to read it. excited. greg mortenson got a lot of credit at one time for some really innovative ways of building the country and building it up, what is it, "three cups of tea" author. and i heard he was widely read over there by the officers. and then he has kind of come under a cloud of something about fundraising and stuff, but nevertheless, there's a huge upsurge in education, elementary schools, all of that over in afghanist

biometrics sharing, all of those things are part of the answer to that equation.ave seen this all over the place. i am of the strong view that checking millions and millions of people, making them go through line ups, making them go through screening, is not, in and of itself, off an effective way to identify a potential danger. we have more sophisticated ways. >> i think you're just describing tsa. [laughter] having been in at the creation, i would set a couple things. one, we are getting smarter about how we do that. in our country, we have labored security. we do not just have one way to catch people. -- we have layered security. one of the things that to say is always had with this is why don't kids are babies have to be checked? but some of the folks trying to attack us have no respect for human life. if they put explosive underneath babies or kids, it is highly unfortunate that they cannot value life the way we do. therefore, we do need processes sometimes that lookit people who would not logically or likely, in most cases, the suspects. changing the subject