a judge in birmingham issues an injunction which prohibits any marches in the streets of birmingham without a parade permit. they say they will not get a parade permit from the outgoing administration and connor. he decides on good friday 1963 in a very symbolic way, very intentional, that they were .oing to disobey dr. king and the volunteers that tame with him decided they were going to march through the streets. it was just hacked that day with people waiting in anxious anticipation for dr. king, abernathy to show up and begin to lead this a good friday march. they begin the march and they avenue north and passed right in front of the 16th street baptist church. birmingham police kind of run a motorcycle up on the sidewalk in front of them and they arrest king and abernathy and they take him across town over the south side which is where the birmingham jail was located. at some point during his stay, he is either going to receive word or he's going to actually read in the newspaper this statement by these eight white ministers which called his marches unwise and untimely. he begins writi

but life went on in birmingham. after dr. king laughed, it was up to the citizens of birmingham to try to bring about actual integration. it is a long struggle through the rest of the 1960's to slowly become sowhat had ingrained in birmingham's culture, but also in the culture of the south. birmingham provides a lot of momentum for the civil rights act of 1964, which outlaws segregation and that will begin the meaningful process. it takes several years. the story goes on. civil rights just doesn't and in birmingham. it is a continuous struggle. >> along with martin luther king, reverend fred shuttlesworth founded the southern christian leadership conference in 1957. up next, brief remarks from reverend shuttlesworth who died in 2011. then we hear about the impact of his work from an alabama historian. [captioning performed by national captioning institute] now, -- church right [indiscernible] thered shuttlesworth was black baptist minister who central nerve center of the civil rights movement in birmingham. he was an officer,

people talk about selma, birmingham, confront.ut the incubator of it is nashville, tennessee, where james lawson started teaching his classes on nonviolence. teaching people like john lewis, james bev. limit, diane nash, how to not swing back if somebody hits you in the head with a nightstick. >> we actually practiced sitting in. some took the role of students who were sitting at a lunch counter and others took the role of white thugs. we were practicing how to remain non-violent even in the face of violence. >> there had been other sit-ins in those early months of 1960, but no one is centrally organizing or coordinating this like the student group from nashville. >> it was on february the 13th. and we had the very first sit-in in nashville. i took my seat at the counter. i asked the waitress for a hamburger and a coke. >> the students sit down at the lunch counter asking to be served, knowing full well that it's against the law. >> we were prepared to be arrested and go to jail and if necessary, stay in jail. >> it was a moving f

a look at martin luther's speech he gave in birmingham. and alabama's civil right's trial a guide to the cradle of freedom. >> i come to say to you this fternoon, i understand the hour. it will not be long. how long? not long. you will reap what you sew. >> this is called an illustrated guide to the cradle of freedom. and basically, it looks at the hist referee: the civil right's movement in beal kind of telling the story geographically. i wrote a book history telling it chronologically. and kind of the theme of both books is that alabama had a central role in the civil rights movement starting the montgomery busboy time in 1956 on through the freedom rides, the birmingham movement in 1963 and the settlement in 1965. but there are a lot of smaller stories scattered all around the state including here in mobile. and so i try to tell those as well. a lot of them were people i had never heard of, you know? and in many ways they were as ordinary as, you know, as you or me, except they did these amazing things under such stressful situations th

segregation in the classic sense does not exist in birmingham. it is like segregation would have been in chicago, minneapolis. it is the fact oh, not du jour. when i went to minneapolis, for instance, or chicago, i found as much segregation in the north simply by not by law, custom. today, segregation here is by custom rather than by law. if you go to my church on sunday, you may find a few white people, not very many at all, probably can count them on one hand. if you go to other churches who are white, maybe you would find just a few black people. if you go to certain neighborhoods, birmingham is now about 75% african-american. out to theu go suburbs you see predominantly whites. we still have it, but it is of a different stripe now. look at the people and places in the struggle for civil rights as part of the c-span cities to her. we travel across the country highlighting the literary life and history of the cities. the seymour, visit our website www.c-span.org. c-spann "series" then " cities tour." >>

birmingham was a very segregated place during that time. difficult, dark and difficult place during that time. as a young person, probably prior to the age of 14, we did not experience a lot of the difficult days. our parents did such a great job of sheltering us. many of our activities were provided for us while here at the church and in the schools so that we did not miss the places that we could not go with the places we were not allowed to go . they provided picnics and swimming parties and contests and all kinds of activities right here at the church. we did not really know to what extent we were missing a lot of things. i think that our parents did not want us to know that there were out beyondstrictions the home parameters. so for many things, they just didn't tell us about it, they sheltered us. when they opened the first fast , rather than allow us to know that they did not serve black people, rather than have us go to a side window when they did serve them, they just kept us at home and they always told us that it was about money,

i was the om one in birmingham who could read dr.s chicken scratch writing, as we described it, and so it was my task to translate it. and my personal secretary, lily pearl macie king had responsibility of typing it as i translated. >> she is allegedly to have said, he may be a great speaker but he can't writet write difficult. >> we worked late into the night and early morning. it that's correct the botter part of two evenings. the lawyers came by in a motel. i gave them what we had done. >> i didn't pay any attention to the letter. yes even think about it. it was not in my mind until i suddenly learned that i think the quakers were going to publish the letter in one of their news letters. and that the letter using today's terminology, the letter went viral. >> i think it was the most important document of the 20th century, very much like the getty gettysburg address and it became the mantra of my movement. >> my dear fellow clergymen, while confined here in the birmingham city jail, i came across your recent statement calling our p

if you go to certain neighborhoods, birmingham is now about 75% african-american. out to theu go suburbs you see predominantly whites. we still have it, but it is of a different stripe now. look at the people and places in the struggle for civil rights as part of the c-span cities to her. we travel across the country highlighting the literary life and history of the cities. the seymour, visit our website www.c-span.org. c-spann "series" then " cities tour." c-span's american history toward now looks at the 1917 race riot in east st. louis, illinois, just across the mississippi river from st. louis. black workers were hired to replace white factory workers who had gone on strike. my book about the 1917 east st. louis race riot had its start really in the early 1990's when i was working at the st. louis post dispatch writing an obituary of miles davis, the great trumpet player, from east st. louis, just across the river. riot were ine race his ears as a child. he talked about how horrible it was to learn that white people had massacred black people in this small city

may 5th, 1963, birmingham and surrounding counties closed down. principals locked the gates, they pushed the gates down. they walked as many as 20 and 25 miles to get to the center of birmingham and get to jail. by that time everybody knew it was all over. so the justice department was able in 1963 to get 100 business men to sign an agreement that met the challenges that had been offered by fred shuttlesworth and the alabama christian movement for human rights. 100 business men signed that, even though it was against george wallace's law. but it worked and changed and people suddenly acted different and we never had problems at the lunch counters. the reason was that the south was basically comfortable racially. and but for a few hoodlums and once established citizens and good folk reigned in the if you hoodlum, we were able to move forward and with the help of a courageous congress and coming together of the churches and business community behind the congress with the president, they were able to pass the 1964 civil rights act. don't forget the 1

same as the king is incarcerated in birmingham and he writes on scraps of paper letter from birminghaml and he really defends the movement against critics who say the movement should move slower. the movement should wait and freedom and justice and democracy. one of the best lines from birmingham jail is king arguing in the future the young men and women being incarcerated and brutalized and arrested in birmingham are going to be remembered as he rose and he says they're going to be remembered as heroes for bringing the nation back to, quote, those great walls of democracy dug deep by the founding fathers. 1963 is the year of german shepherd fire hoses in birmingham, fire hoses that were powerful enough to take the bark off of trees, john f. kennedy says he is sick from the scenes he has witnessed in birmingham of german shepherds and fire hoses and over 1,000 young children, children as young as 8 years old being incarcerated for trying to desegregate birmingham, alabama. 63 is the year that i called kennedy's finest moment, june 11th, 1963, where kennedy delivers a forceful and robus

die from one of the bombs that was exploding in birmingham. so i found myself for many years after that, probably about 20 depressionering from at a time where we didn't call it depression, but it took a long time to sort through the things that had happened here in birmingham and to understand them and to put them in perspective. what made me decide to write the book was just the resurgence of mean-spiritedness that i began to see. i really felt that america had reached a crossroads many years after the bombing of the church. i really felt that america had looked back and had looked at all the mistakes we had made in our country and that they were committed to moving forward in a positive way for all of its citizens. when i began to realize and to see things that were contradictory to that, i decided that perhaps we had forgotten many of the lessons we have learned. in many cases we had not talked those lessons, but in other cases we have forgotten. i decided that i would go back and recapture the memories of a 14-year-old from the bombing of

of a man named josephus anderson, who was an african-american man who was accused of murdering a birmingham police officer, and so this case is sent to mobile and ends in a hung jury. they cannot come to a decision. and as the news of that comes out over the airwaves, bennie jack hays, the local leader of the united klans of america, says in conversation with his son, henry, and some of henry's friends that if a black man can get away with killing a white man in mobile, it should be the other way around, so henry hayes, who is really a teenager, internalizes this, and a few days later, he and another klansmen who is 17 years old named james knowles they go out and they make good on this and they drive down to the black section of town and they find michael donald, and michael donald gets caught up in all of this through really no fault of his own, and donald, being born in 1961, he really rose up in a city that is on the absolute verge of social revolution. some of his older siblings probably participated in some of the movement activities in the late 1960's and early 1970's, but it is mich

its historic treatment of african-americans and no place is better emplifying that problem than birmingham, alabama, of 1963. after all, it was eugene bowls conner who was the public safety director who chose to use fire hoses on the little children of

so they made more in abilene than they made in birmingham and birmingham was a league town so you canee why these games are pretty important and that's why the monarchs continued barnstorming. i guess the people in abilene were not satisfied because they had never seen bullet rogan pitch. so they had to invite them back to see bullet rogan pitch. bullet rogan comes to town and this is the final core, 11-4 and bullet rogan pitches and abilene scores four runs off of them. there were 15,000 people at this game, and i think that day the public got their money's worth seeing that game. the monarchs get four home runs. and wouldn't you know it, bullet rogan added another home run to his already dominant list of home runs and once again when people talk about the home runs that rogan hit, you go online and look at the books these are not the home runs they talk about. these are games people generally don't know about. and so this is kind of research i specialize in. of course we mentioned gerard swit. he went to pittsburgh state college, also played football and was a great player and he wa

birmingham is making the mark as 2016 running to host the dnc.t month the republican national committee announced the convention will take place in cleveland. hello, cleveland. eliminating that city as the list of contenders. they visited alabama's largest city last month and the mayor announced they'll be back this week for a second look. site selection committee is currently in brooklyn and heads to philadelphia tomorrow. my reporting and what i've read, two cities philadelphia and brooklyn seem the most likely choices. i would keep an eye on philadelphia, i believe the 2000 republican convention. philly is the only city on the list that hosted a convention before, as i mentioned. brooklyn has not, they do have a basic team and manhattan hosted convention for both parties in recent years. 2016 would be a first for birmingham. even though jefferson county, where the magic city, i bet you didn't know it was called that, was called that. voted for president obama in 2012. alabama has not voted for a democrat for president since jimmy carter. alaba

king and helped prompt the letter from the birmingham jail. the racist response to the legitimate american values to justice under law and the need to lift up the first amendment right of assembly and free speech that help to bring about the way in which he used nonviolence to promote social change. i think what america has seen and i think, in fact, what the world has seen, i was in geneva just last week at the united nations conference reviewing american compliance with the convention on the elimination of racial discrimination and i can assure you that the story of michael brown was lifted up in a way that could only occur when someone like sabrina fulton, mother of trayvon martin and ron davis, father of jordan davis who was there looking at what happened in this country and helping to lift it up. so, all of these things have contributed to what i think is a pivotal moment for change. and i think the militarization of american law enforcement and a way that makes ferguson look like an occupied community rather than a small suburb of st. lo

so they made more in abilene than they made in birmingham. and birmingham was a lead town.you can see why the games are am pretty important. that's whyes the monarchs contir barnstorming. so i guess thatued -- the people abilene were not satisfied a because they had never seen bullet rogan pitch. so they had to invite them backe to see bullet rogan pitch.to so bullet rogan comes to town, and this is the final score. 11-4. and bullet rogan pitches. and abilene scores four runs off of him which was quite a feat. f there were 15,000 people at this game. and -- and i think that day the public got their money's worth.e seeing that game. the monarchs hit four home runs and wouldn't you know it, bullet rogan added another home run to his already dominant list of dn home runs. and once again, when people talk about the home runs that rogan s hit, if you go on line, if you look in some of the books, these are not the home runs they calkn about. these are games people generally don't know it. and so this is kind of research i specialize in. spe of course, we mentioned jar jart swett.

from a birmingham jail cell. we are caught in an inescapable network of mew talt, tied in a single garment of destiny. whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly. never again can we afford to live with the narrow, provincial outside agitator. anyone who would live outside the united states would never be considered an outsider within its bounds. at the table the director of the center for constitutional rights, recently on the ground in ferguson. jamal simmons, a democratic consultant, co-host at citizen radio, and president and general counsel at latino justice. from your perspective on the ground, were the behaviors of police primarily a response to an outside agitator group interested in provoking those officers? >> no. i think the frame of outside agitators is a convenient way to ignore the demands of 99% of the protest. i was out in ferguson earlier this weekend, at the beginning of this week, and i was in a march of hundreds of people most of whom were family members. i was marching alongside tea

martin luther king's letter from birmingham jail.he 16th street baptist church, and more, all next friday at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span. in 1864 the confederate submarine h.l. hunley became the to sink an en my warship, it then disappeared. it wasn't found until 1995 and removed from the water five years later. c-span spoke with an archeologist about the recovery of thetoration submarine. >> the submarine is the first to sink an enemy vessel in combat. that is the significance. it is not the first submarine. it was not the most advance summering, even of its day in the 1860's, but it was the first one to do something. it was proof of concept that submarine technology could work. it was brought to charleston in a number ofter months of preparation, they went out at night in 1864. siege atn was under the time. they had been strangled by land and by sea. they picked one of the ships blockading the harbor. they went out and made the , sunk it, solidifying its place in history, but then it disappeared. it never returns to the dock. it be

he first read it in birmingham in 1853 it was not yet in end existence. that people could listen to over a period of one hour or 10 minutes so if you have of binder tear out the leaves and then he went through over a couple of years and you can see that he wrote passages because of you would have deleted then would have to somehow introduce said. lend you also find the pages you can see the postage stamps broken off using to turn the pages quickly so they were broken over much use. and the last group of photos and then hand them a great second final reading tour of the united states. >> how did the library get the material? >> the dickens, the performance copies came into a the berg to the purchase of the two greatest collections of english and american collections at the of history back in 1940's. one was from cincinnati n then they had the performance copies. and then the founder general electric. these performance copies came from their collection this one came from a believe the house collection. but this belonged to dickens and this is his pen you ma

visiting his uncle efrem in birmingham.has no uncle efrem in birmingham or anywhere else in the land of the living. of course not. it's a woman. again?

they picked birmingham because birmingham had a history of violence against black people. dozens of homes and buildings have been burned up over the years. bill kiner was in charge of public safety there, a little bit complicated what the political situation was, but he was the long-term head of public safety there. he said you go to birmingham, you're going to get a confrontation. what i'm saying, you might not -- look at the freedom ride. it started where? washington, d.c. the first big city they got to was guess what? richmond. nobody got beat up. nothing much happened. they wanted to charlottesville and north carolina. eventually, they got to anniston, alabama. and you saw what happened there. so your counterfactual is a very provocative and interesting one, but it is really counterfactual, because in the end, in the end, the sg egregationists were goin to pick up the club, in the end. nadia? >> i just wanted to bring the conversation around to education. when i was in elementary school and middle school, all i learned about african-americans was that they were slaved

institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2014] >> martin luther king's letter from birmingham jail, the bombing of the 16th street apt his church, and more. friday, august 22, on c-span. was a confederate propagandist who worked in england to build support for the confederate cause. an interview with the writer of a book containing some of the writings of henry hotze. he lived 53 years, but we know nothing about his first 20 years, nor his last one the years. for a decade,

he first read it in birmingham in 1853. this was not yet in existence. and he set about creating a text that would be short enough that people could listen over an hour and ten minutes or so. so he had a binder tear out, put them in these blank. and then he rode over a couple of years, editorial. and you can see that he sometimes rewrote passages because if he would have deleted something to my character was mentioned or a scene was described it was referred to later he had to somehow introduce it. so that is what you see here. you also find pages pasted together. he was not going to read it all. you can see postage stamps. he used these to turn to pages quickly. some of the protruding in said been broken over much use. here we have a photo of him taken in new york. belfast, from the last couple of photos that were ever taken. the new york 1867, his greatness in his second final meeting in the united states. >> host: counted the library kate dickens material? >> guest: well, the performance copies came to the berg collection through the purchase of two -

fromn luther king's letter the birmingham jail. and more. at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span. david goldfield is the author aflame."ok "america he talked with c-span about the role of immigration and religion in the run-up to the civil war. david goldfield, in your book, you say the civil war is america's greatest failure why? >> it was a failure because we went to war. political failure because the political process could not accommodate differing viewpoints on the major issues of the day. the major issues of the day were primarily slavery. in thelarly slavery western territories. secondly, immigration. believe it or not, americans were fighting over immigration in the 1850's just as much as we are fighting over immigration now. the fight over immigration was about the influx of irish catholics. , thesefound in my book issues are linked. anti-catholic, particularly anti-irish catholic emigration, and anti-slavery. both of these issues came together in a new political party called the republican party. the republican party initially anti-party.as an one of the important things

. >> the history of the civil .ights movement with a twour martin luther king's letter from birmingham jail. the bombing of the 16th street baptist church. next write a 8:00 eastern on c-span. month, debates on what makes america great. evolution, genetically modified foods. spotlight

louis, martin luther king possible at her from birmingham jail, the bombing of the 16th street baptist church, and more, next friday. union victory at antietam in 1862, president abraham lincoln wrote an order freeing all slaves in the states rebelling against the union, known as the preliminary emancipation proclamation. it's the only surviving copy of the document written in president lincoln's on hand. c-span got a look at the new york state exhibit on the proclamation. he begins, i, abraham lincoln, president of the united states of america and commander in chief of the army and navy thereof, do hereby proclaim and declare that hereafter and , the war will be prosecuted for the object of practically restoring th

he first read it in birmingham in 1853. this was not that an existence, and he set about reading text that could be short enough to that people could listen to for over a period of an hour, 10 minutes or so. so we had a binder, put them in the blank leaves and he went through it over period of a couple of years. and you can see that he sometimes rewrote passages because if you would have deleted something when a character was mentioned or seen was described and to refer to later, he had to sum up introduce it. so that's what you see here. you also find bits of? where pages were pasted together that he wasn't going to read at all. you can see posted stamps. these have broken off so he could turn the pages quickly, protruding. they have broken over much use. here we have a photo of him taken in new york. this is the last group of photos from the last group of photos that was, that were ever taken, new york 1867, the winter of 1867-68 was his second final great reading tour of the united states. [inaudible] >> how did the libr

recruitment is jake deliberate to an iraq war veteran and doctoral researcher at the university of birmingham in the u.k. jake thanks for joining me as always so let's begin by looking at americans joining these radical groups we certainly know that there are people here that harbor anti-american sentiments but what is it do you think that's actually driving these americans to get up travel to a foreign country and take up arms with a group like isis i think there's two components of this that stand out most particularly the first is you need to see the foreigners that are joining insurgent groups or doing out of a feeling of connectivity a desire to give up their lives in sacrifice for something else isis as it stands is not necessarily something that's directly related to american as an isis is a form of standing up for islamic extremism or a fundamentalist sort of islamic belief so when you see these foreigners coming to join isis it's a more of a passion and extreme desire to stand up for that fundamental extremists and have an outlet to express that and also simultaneously the second com

joined earlier by jake deliberate tow iraq war veteran and doctoral researcher at the university of birmingham in the u.k. i first asked him to talk about what's driving americans to join radical groups like isis. well i think there's two components of this that stand out most particularly the first is you need to see the foreigners that are joining insurgent groups are doing out of a feeling of connectivity a desire to give up their lives and sacrifice for something else isis as it stands is not necessarily something that's directly related to anti american ism isis is a form of standing up for islamic extremism or. belief so when you see these foreigners coming to join isis it's a more out of a passion a extreme desire to stand up for that fundamental extremists and have an outlet to express that and also simultaneously the second component of that is being able to not just simply express a religious faith but express a religious faith and demonstrate political power and political control that which is similar in any other combat whether it's in the streets of chicago gang warfare or it's in

that indeed are a jake deliberate iraq war veteran and doctoral researcher at the university of birmingham in the u.k. thanks for weighing in on that they are much. now the latest in ukraine moscow is planning to further provide humanitarian aid to the people of donetsk and luhansk that's what russian president vladimir putin told german chancellor angela merkel in a phone conversation today that your side discussed the results of the customs union member states meeting that took place in the capital of bella roups but the focus of media attention was of course on the first one on one meeting between putin and his ukrainian counterpart petro poroshenko artie's i read has the details. is the first ever between the current president of russia and ukraine and just your own leuchars hopes would herald some kind of breakthrough. talks went well but insisted the most pressing issue finding a solution to the conflict in ukraine was simply kiev needs to settle but if you go it in that it should we didn't talk to detail about it and frankly speaking. russia can propose any conditions for a cease fi

so they made more in abilene than they did in birmingham.am and birmingham was a league town.you can see why theseu games ars pretty important and that's why the monarchs continue barnsto barnstormi barnstorming. i guess the people of abilene were not satisfied because they had never seen bullet nerogan pitch. so they had to invite them back. to see bullet rogan pitch. so they come to town and this is the final score. 11-4. and bullet rogan pitches and abilene scores four runs off of him which was quite a feat. there were 15,000 people at thit game, and i think day the public got their money's worth seeing that game. the monarchs hit four home runsr and wouldn't you know it, bullet rogan added another home run tor his already dominant list of home runs. and once again, when people talk about the home runs that rogan hit if you go online, look in k some of the hits, these are not the home runs they talk about. these are games people generalll don't know about.ow and so this is kind of researchf i specialize in. of course, we mentioned sweat.ad he had went to pittsburgh stateo c

they picked birmingham because birmingham had a history of violence against black people. of homes had been -- buildings had been blown up ovey the years. bull conner was in charge of public safety there. it's a little bit complicated what the political situation wa but he was the longtime head of public safety there, and shuttlesworth said, you come to, birmingham, you're going to geta a confrontation. so what i'm saying is you mightt not -- look at the freedom rides. the freedom rides started where? washington, d.c.rst bi the first big city they got to t was guess what? richmond. nobody got beat up.ch nothing much happened. they went to charlottesville and down to north carolina. eventually they got to anniston alabama, and you saw what happened there. so your counterfactual is acou very provocative and interestin one, but it is really actual counterfactual, because in the e end, in the end, the segregationists were going to pick up the club in the end. nadia?ing to >> i just wanted to bring the conversation around to education.ersa i when i was in elementary school and

a look at martin luther's speech he gave in birmingham. and alabama's civil rht

king's letter from the birmingham jail.celebrated or marked really the 50th anniversary of the 16th street bombing. more recently at the department of labor, we marked an anniversary that you might be a little bit less aware of. it was the 145th anniversary of the completion of the transcontinental railroad. and the reason i note that one is because we have a labor hall of fame. and to mark the anniversary we inducted the chinese-american railroad workers into that hall of fame. [applause] because they are part of the all too frequently untold story of the civil rights struggle. when there's the iconic photo in utah where the transcom the railroad was finally completed, notably absent in that photo where the railroad workers. and the i tried to go on strike for better wages. they had so many acts of courage, and he was so remarkable to be able to pay honor to them at the department of labor so recently. and it was a wonderful recently to go to the viewing of the movie about cesar chavez. because of me, cesar chavez brings t

louis, martin luther king's letter from birmingham jail, the bombing of the 16th street baptist church, and more. marty young is the director of the pioneer heritage center at louisiana state university in shreveport. he gave c-span a tour of a doctors office from the civil war era and some of the surgical tools used at the time. >> we are in our dr.'s office at the heritage center. pioneermedicine is -- medicine is a long stretch from where it is today. modern medicine has evolved over a short time, whereas pioneer medicine kind of stayed stagnant for a while, without a lot of changes. doingere still bloodletting, using leeches, doing things modern medicine has found upon. we know some of those have come full circle as well. things that wee take for granted today when we things likerk for, the instruments being as germ-free as possible, or the dr. has washed his hands before he decides to work on us. the tools are sterilized. modern painkillers. anesthetics. a lot of these things were nowhere even on the radar yet for these doctors that were practicing. we use the term loosely for doc

growing up loving the sport, the united states and dew byas well as birmingham and london. >> i love to see a cavadi in england. this was a village game before it is going all over the place now. >> if it is well organized the way it is now, the politician he take part in it, especially gi e priority to the players then it could be a big success not only in indian community but all the players. >> most are from gland, they could make a good living but the ambition, the opportunity to reach out and grab a new audience which they hope is not elusive. lee wellings, al jazeera, lond. >> arctic stage of norway takes riders on 708 kilometer journey, near the arctic circle. it was norway's large piece that won the opening stage. >>> check out aljazeera.com using twitter and facebook. that's your sport more later. >> thanks raul. now world's best puzzle-solvers are competing in london. despite this modern day of technology, people are relying on pen and paper to solve the puzzles. >> it's not everyone's idea of fun. sitting in the hall of a suburb london hotel, effectively taking an exam. tr

institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2014] >> martin luther king's letter from birmingham jail, the bombing of the 16th street apt his church, and more. friday, august 22, on c-span. was a confederate propagandist who worked in england to build support for the confederate cause. an interview with the writer of a book containing some of the writings of henry hotze. he lived 53 years, but we know nothing about his first 20 years, nor his last one the years. 1855-1865,e, tremendous record of the confederate military, foreign service, mobile politics, and all kind of different things. basically a journalist at heart. he is foreign-born. once to the south, where he is a prominent speaker of racial and military issues. he uses his journalistic style during the war as a propagandist. a sickly, he is in europe, trying to convince european powers to join the war effort against the union. ageame to america at about 15. we do not know if he is behind -- by himself. earlyin alabama by the 1850's. this man has a knack for meeting important people and using these people in his career as

this is in birmingham at a cemetery.his woman comes walking through this cemetery and watch what she does. she comes back and she picks him right up and walks away. the story behind this particular thing will break your heart. these flowers were put there by a widower. he put down 51 roses. one for each year they were married. she was cremated the day before and this woman takes his beautiful tribute to his wife. the sad thing is you have to set up a camera in a cemetery to catch somebody like this. police are looking for this woman too. they think this is such an evil act. >> you take them and do what with them? put them on your kitchen table and say you stole them from someone's grave? surfing the big scene down there. car surfing is not such a good idea. some guys are hanging on the back of this going out for a joy ride while his buddy drives the car. going through round abouts and around turns and hanging out on the top of the car. brilliant. >> it's not even funny. >> they call it car surfing. the video got posted a

they picked birmingham because birmingham had a history of violence against black people. dozens of homes and buildings have been burned up over the years. bill kiner was in charge of public safety there, a little bit complicated what the political situation was, but he was the long-term head of public safety there. he said you go to birmingham, you're going to get a confrontation. what i'm saying, you might not -- look at the freedom ride. it started where? washington, d.c. the first big city they got to was guess what? richmond. nobody got beat up. nothing much happened. they wanted to charlottesville and north carolina. eventually, they got to anniston, alabama. and you saw what happened there. so your counterfactual is a very provocative and interesting one, but it is really counterfactual, because in the end, in the end, the sg egregationists were goin to pick up the club, in the end. nadia? >> i just wanted to bring the conversation around to education. when i was in elementary school and middle school, all i learned about african-americans was that they were slaved

people in birmingham people will appreciate i had the idea may be a could find an apartment over somebody'sarage i did not need or want very much but in a small town the apartment is harder to come by the and a house. a good friend suggested i look at the house two doors down by then i had spent a lot of time with both of them. i wonder if that isn't close for comfort. as somebody who lived in downtown chicago the event that they would perform -- that would charge they hope to sell in a difficult market there were willing to rent paying $650 a month for quite a house that is pretty good for our downtown chicago but when i told the sisters about this harpers response was highway robbery. i think she was offended by the idea i would pay more than she thought i should. but the house next door to them was taken to and also for sale and had been for some time that had some storm damage it had been on the market quite a while. and they offered to serve as references to looking into that so why did to work it out with the young man who was transferred to another city i would rent it month-to-month