affluent black people have different experiences than working class black people and for black people right, and one of the things i wanted to do with the book was, you know, speak to the importance of understanding black people relationships to black identity. right like all black people don't feel the same ways about being black. and you know, if you want to puns political behavior of black people you kind of have to understand what being black means to them. and how they winged at me means to, you know, politics. and i think, you know, the caller makes good point that, you know, you can't take for granted that all black people are are going to feel the same way about something or this will be unity among black people and going to be monolific plunge black people and a process, achievement that takes work. and you know that because i can get from the caller he's frustrated and go to absence of solidarity around certain lines. but you know that's something that, you know, is a social achievement that sort of is one of the themes of the book that, you know, it takes work to get so man

they seemed indebted in black comungts like they went to black church, lived in black neighborhood. they experienced, you know, the same sort of, you know, residential and occupational segregation than other black people and oftentimes they were very much engaged in black communities politics. so it's -- >> mixed. black elephants in the room unexpected politics of african-american republicans, professor cory fields is the author. booktv live coverage of the l.a. times festival of books continue but next panel that we're going to cover is one on writing and publishing and it is beginning now. >> for the sun dance institute san francisco film society and the the scholastic art and awards. .. >> >> and all the lucky list georgi is from southern california. [applause] the literary journal that is publishing out of san francisco's inside 85 the former but editor at us and francisco chronicle and incidentally the last word of many english dictionaries. [applause] representing writers said both fiction and nonfiction like men explain things to me and the many titles of this kitchen time le

black children are in majority black schools in rate wes haven't seen since 1972. so parts there -- there has been progress but i think say that progress for black folks is enough when we're nowhere mere equality. employment raid, ballot americans have twice the unemployment rate that white americans. at every measure, black americans are still the bottom so i never argue we don't have progressment my far was bon o. a share cropping farm in mississippi in apartheid. but can use at for black americans looks similar to when i was a child. >> we live in the same country, and we have had now two descriptions, yours and nikole of the same country. are both pictures true? do we have great optimism? great opportunity and great challenges as we think of race in america? >> i said in my remarks, many challenges remain but the problem is whether progress has been made, and with respect to the american dream, whether or not it's alive and well in this country, and i maintain it is. again, i think that the real challenge for blacks going forward in terms of closing racial disp

is in an all-black school and i live in all-black neighborhood. i would never say that a black truck can never be smart or cannot achieve if they are not in the class with white children, but we do know from the founding of public education in this country, resources follow my children. scale, not come on provided the same education to black children in segregated schools that we have provided to white children. that is a fact. there are 60 years of educational data that show -- and i have been doing research point back to the 1700s, and that is simply not true. , i will make a point following the resources argument because that is long been made and has been a serious issue since the 1960's. how has it not been a serious issue since 1960's? jason: because of the title i funding that previously existed. to the point of today, if you go to majority black -- if you washington d.c. and many others, spending at people the state average in the national average. aredren in our inner cities not suffering because money is not being spent on education. the

is black, got is black. let's take christianity from the church in the streets. let's use christianity to use black america. so i was in that setting. >> when did you become -- and why? >> i married a beautiful,e intelligent woman. we decided to change her names together. we chose candy,. >> what is that mean, what is it signify? >> it's come from a kenyan language and it signifies -- it was special for us.ried a b >> how is winning the national book award changed your life at the university of florida or wherever you are? >> to meet the biggest and best change was that people took us much more seriously in the beginning. more people decided to pick it up and therefore more people were willing to critically engage the history of racism in this country and reflect on the way in which that history is ever present and how we can create a future. i have the opportunity to speak about the book and to look at a number of different forms of communication via social media, talking about the critical issues. >> host:

all-black people do not feel the same way about being black. kinf if you want to understand political behavior black people, you kind of have to understand what being black means to them and how they link that meaning to power.at all bla i think the color makes a good point, you cannot take regretted that all-black people are going to feel the same way about something or that there will be unity among black people are monolithic support among black people. it's a process. it takes work and the sense i get from the caller is there sort of frustrated about the absence of solidarity but, it's something that is a social achievement and that's one offof the things in the themes of the book, it takes work to get so many black people it doesn't just magically happen. it's not a given. you can say black identity is important to me and i want that politicized, but that doesn't really tell you what that has to look like. g >> is this written for a general audience? >> hopefully both can enjoy. i certainly wrote the book with the intensive anyone who is i

might child is in a black school and in all black. i would never say that a black child can be smart and cannot achieve if they are not in a class with a white student. but what we do know is from the founding of public education in this country that resources follow white children. we have not on scale ever provided the same education to black children in segregated schools that we provided to white children. that's a fact. there are 60 years of educational data and i've been doing research going back to the 1700s when we founded found it public schools in this country and it simply not true. >> let me give you a report. >> let me follow the argument about resources and white children. that's been long made since the 60s. >> how is that not long been an issue? because of title i funding. it has balanced out the funding discrepancy that previously existed. to the.where today, if you go to a majority black school like newark, washington dc and many others you will see poor people spending way above the state average of the national ave

my own child is in an all-black school. i live in an all-black neighborhood. clearly i would never say that a black child can be smart or cannot achieve if they are not in a class with white children. what we do know, from the founding of public education in this country, resources follow white children. we have not ever provided the same education to black children in segregated schools we have provided to white children. that is just the fact. there are 60 years of educational data that shows that, and this goes back to the 1700s when we found a public school in this country. it simply is not true. report -- ave you a report. on the resources following my children, that hasn't been a serious issue since the 1960's. nikole: how has an up in a serious issue since the 1960's? jason: because of title i funding and out -- and how it has balanced out funding. today, if you go to majority black communities like newark, washington, d.c., and many people you will see spending way above the national average. cities are our inner not suffering because money is not bein

any of them were black. as there taken prisoner british came aboard and either lockedinto service or into prisons in great britain. york would like new pass laws authorizing the form an formation of black soldiers. many served with distinction, including perhaps the most famous in the battle of new orleans. it was ironically fought after the war concluded. with those of us from the 1950's, we had a great folk song about it. how can you complain? the war is over, the status quo goes back. blacks are disallowed to carry arms. on one hand they are looked at anything,le of doing on the other hand we fear them as a night as we go to bed slaveowner in the south. will they take up arms and murder us in our beds? this dichotomy is existing at the time. the sameincoln follows tune as his predecessor george washington. -- blacks not serve will not serve in the u.s. union forces against the breakaway rebellion in the south. he disallows the use of blacks in the forces on land. the u.s. navy still has blacks serving as

these we have all of black lives matter. as a black man, i feel threatened right now. have done eight years in the military, so i am a veteran with a top-secret clearance at the time, and i do not feel our government has done the right thing with vetting the people that are in charge now. so i feel threatened. and this is a serious thing for me. andent 10 years in germany, i feel that they had a better understanding of what is going on. it does not make sense to me when i have to come back to my home country and feel more oppressed than i ever felt. host: let's give professor joseph a chance to respond. guest: i think three things that black people can do right now is educate, organize, and agitate. the education is connected to the blm movement and conversation, and it is raising consciousness and education about african-american history and its connection to the wider notion of american democracy and citizenship. these issues of race and democracy are american issues. they are at the core of the country because the country is founded in racial slavery. we have to edu

- nothing. - peak blackness, baby. - peak blackness. - peak blackness! ha! [laughter] ha!t's over. it's over. [laughter] - we had a good run. thank you, roy. roy wood jr., everyone. we'll be right back. roy, we had a good run. are you one sneeze away from being voted out of the carpool? try zyrtec® it's starts working hard at hour one and works twice as hard when you take it again the next day. stick with zyrtec® and muddle no more®. [car engine failing to start] [wind blows] yo- wh- ah- he- [gas pouring] [slurps loudly] [engine starting] [loud slurping continues] classic hershey's outside. with a new creamy, crunchy inside. new hershey's cookie layer crunch. classic reimagined. at coors, our mountain is creating a more sustainable world. it's why we pioneered the recyclable can. made our breweries landfill-free. and built the most powerful solar array at any one brewery in the country. but our climb is far from over. so, we keep pushing forward. coors light. whatever your mountain, climb on . ♪ does your makeup remover every kiss-proof,ff? cry-proof, stay-proof look? neut

the black codes were repealed. the property of small farmers protected against being seized for debt. and the tax system revised to shift the burden from propertyless blacks who had paid a disproportionate share during presidential reconstruction to planters and other landowners. the former slaves, however, were disappointed that little was done to assist them in acquiring land. only south carolina took effective action, establishing a commission to purchase land for resale on long-term credit, to poor families. rather than land distribution, the reconstruction governments penned their hopes for southern economic growth and opportunity for african-americans on a program of regional economic development. railroad construction was at center piece. the key, they believed, to linking the south with northern markets and transforming the region into a society of booming factories, bustling towns and diversified agriculture. the program had mixed results. a few states, georgia, alabama, arkansas and texas, witnessed signi

be black, do black, shop black, buy black, date black, smoke blacks and you got the bay hive.-z's. >> who's talking about beyonce? >> no beyonce slander, child. survive. she represents joy for so many people, particularly black women. she's on the wall with martin, malcolm, barack, beyonce. >> black twitter is also the place to keep up with the latest fashion, music and racial slurs. >> ooh! i have been called every type of (bleep) on the planet. >> er -- >> a, ah -- >> igz. >> i didn't know it existed till i saw it on twitter. >> ask jerry rice who thought it was good to wear a fried chicken helmet in a popeye commercial. >> i don't think that's okay. >> sometimes people need to be shamed. >> black twitter has no qualms about calling anybody out. >> live footage of jerry rice getting drug on black twitter. and it's not just people. corporations try to be too cool and get on the wrong side of black twitter all the time like using black slang to wear pancakes. >> i-hop is one of those weird once. >> pancakes on fleek! >> you don't throw fleek behind something and call that enga

stories, the founding documents of american society didn't include black life and when black folks say black lives matter, they are in search of simple recognition. let's hear it from jonathan in glen cove new york. we have a body minute left. >> caller: high. welcome, doctor. i just wanted to make an observation. i some people don't realize the extent to which there are racial overtones in society. i'm a blind person and ordinarily in conversations i tend to hear differences in how people speak and sometimes i hear a group of friends people have been friends for a long time talking it really only takes a few minutes before i get an impression of one person in the conversation has a darker skin or something, you can hear it and how long people speak or in whose ideas are affirmed things like that. i'd also like to say that i hear it much more amongst older people and i don't hear it so much from young people at all. that something that may be changing. >> guest: that's an important point. that the dimension of racial, the assignment of value in the way we speak to each other not out of

when you look at the household wealth of black and brown versus white people black pail in comparison. in none of indexes, to make the claim atmosphere wealth from white america to black america, can be really supported or substantiated by your argument. i would ask the calling to think seriously. black and brown people are not getting jobs ahead of white people. the fire departments are dispoportional white and construction workers are disproportionally white. there is no increase in african-american and latino people in every group in america. when you look at congress people, senators, presidents, across the board. i think unfortunately this is what donald trump has brought us alternative universes of facts and fake news and unfortunately white innocence has been the ultimate fake news. and even if you don't buy by book barrow it or go to the library. martin luther king, jr was in jail and his white jailer came to him with an alternative fact. he said dr. king, his warden and jailers, segregation and right and integration is wrong and your movement is wrong. dr. king said no, that

take black politics seriously, but also not just black liberal politics. and toack left politics really rethink what the legacy of black cities were. for me growing up everyone i knew in a position of power in the city of detroit, whether it was the mayor or the teachers or the local banker, everyone was african-american in my city. i saw that very differently. not as a sign of collapse or crisis, but as a sign of enormous empowerment. telling the story of what it meant to grow up in detroit, what it felt like after the rebellion, i think that was the way people experienced it. i was thinking a lot about detroit but perhaps not for the reasons many might suspect. not because it is the 50th anniversary that looms this july, or even because i was asked to do a new dictation of -- addition of "whose detroit," but because i felt the better half of the 2000's working on a different issue that has come full circle. the issue of policing and prisons. about 2003 i been consumed to have a sort out how it was the united states came to lock up more people than any ot

of black republicans and that the message is negative and black republican is anti-black or sell outs. one point i make in the book is what tends to happen is there is a certain kind of black republican who gets selected into the success. one of the ways to end up successful as a black republican is talk about race and tht book i talk about a color blind language like race doesn't matter. black republicans who say race doesn't matter and those are the black republicans who come to represent the entirety of all black republicans in the media. there is also a group of black republicans who sort of say black power is a conservative principle. being republican is what is best for black people as black people and that is why we support this. but that activist find him or herself marginalized within the party. when fox news needs a black republican they call the guy who says race doesn't matter. whenever you see a black republican they are constantly disse dissenvowing any mention of race in the media it is a bad look. but i am not convinced the media is out to do a hit job on black republi

> we are black!e beautiful! we are beautiful! >> the early '60s, you have the hymns of unity and change. once the black power movement comes along, the hymns fade and are replaced by much more milita militant sentiments of the movement. the rhythms, and the sort of starkness. >> the white people who know right and want to do right. but there's so few. if 10,000 rattlesnakes was coming down and i had a door i could shut, and of the 10,000, 1,000 meant right, 1,000 didn't want to bite me, i knew they were good, should i let all these rattlesnakes come down and get together and form a shield? or should i just close the door and stay safe? >> you couldn't see people that had big fros, dichiccies and fist bumps saying we shall overcome. it just seemed incongruent. >> there was a sense of identity through style. and music. james brown. i'm black and i'm proud. and the feeling, of course, of pride. >> i must have been 5 years old, and my aunt bought me a t-shirt. it had an image of james brown with an afro.

black message, say it loud, i'm black and i'm proud.ou got to do, as a people. >> james brown had a very self-consciously bootstrapping kind of individual motion of what it meant to be black in america. a man can't accomplish anything if he isn't proud of who he is. >>> plenty had changed in america by virtue of the civil rights movement. the beginning of the integration of schools. you have the election of black elected officials. >> when we get black voters voting in large numbers, we'll have a politician elected that will represent all the people. and when politicians represent all the people, we'll have a new hope in america. >> you have the opportunity for african-american artists to reach the highest success. you have opportunities for companies like barry gordy's motown to become one of the preeminent american success stories of that period. ♪ >> the '70s were a time for black music. the black album market is really introduced. and you have marvin, you have isaac, barry white. it's an amazing period. and stevie was coming of age

, black power -- being republican is best for black people. and that act find themselves worth herself marginalized. and fox news needs a black republican, get the guy who matters. in that regard to the extent whenever you see a black republican they are disavowing any relevance for race discrimination, in media it is bad, but i am not going to present media doing a hit job on black republicans but black republicans have become available and look a certain way. the next question we should be asking ourselves, why can't you be a successful black republican if you are pro-black people. >> where i was going is if you look a lot of mainstream media outlets, even -- it seems trump is changed the nature of coverage in the sense of even when there are republicans who are minority on most of something else they are not. now you have republicans minorities who are anti-the president. framing so anti-latino i feel like now can parties getting it from both sides from a media perspective. >> i certainly african-american republicans, women republican group

they don't want whites to marry blacks. what is it like from the black community?eather: i think there is resistance -- there are prejudices in every community. i would just say that prejudice in the white community is backed up often by the force of law and the economy. right, so that is why it matters more to the fate of black children that white people are prejudiced than if a black woman is prejudiced against white people. but i will say that i fortunately --my marriage has been embraced very much by our communities. brian: those who may have tuned in late, gary is who? heather: gary is, as he said he was a white man and i am prejudiced. that is how he opened up his call on c-span. brian: has he changed since that call with you? heather: tremendously. he has done -- first of all, on a personal level, this is someone who spent most of his time watching tv and did not have many interactions with people. he has really pushed himself to interact with people of different races. he has, you know, been flo to d.c. and new york to meet with me. he has been interviewed

he was an activist in the black panthers and after that, the black panthers and after that, the black work together with the rest of the collective. he was very important, you know? when we had the black people's day of action in1981, had the black people's day of action in 1981, when we mobilised something like 15,000 people to demonstrate against the killing of 13 black children by racists in new cross, it was known as the new cross massacre, da rcus was known as the new cross massacre, darcus was at the forefront of organising the black people's day of action. he was very important as an activist in our communities. linton kwesijohnson, friend activist in our communities. linton kwesi johnson, friend and fellow activist of darcus howe, who died at the age of 74. the headlines on bbc news: a state of emergency is declared in colombia after more than 250 people are killed in mudslides — many more are missing. six arrests are made by police investigating an alleged hate crime attack on a 17—year—old kurdish—iranian asylum seeker in south london. the writer, broadcaster and civil liber

issues or not black issues. color change, we're the only national black civilization that doesn't take corporate money, it's the hallworks of how we think about campaign work and how we think about taking on some of our activities and every two months i get someone that tells me you don't really know how to play the game, right? you all would be much more powerful if you knew how to sort of operate, sort of within this sort of context, without sort of a deep understanding of what we are trying to fight, who we are trying to hold accountable and at the ends of the day what power has to look like in the 21st century for black people, if governments and corporations are not nervous about disappointing us then we have nothing. and that means we have to play on a wide range of field and can't just think very narrowly of what our issues are or not. what will consistently be the canary in the coal mine that will widely impact the country. often times we say in the color of change when america gets the cold, black peopl

was cursed by god or for permanent enslavement of the black skin or black bodies are good for labor and black people are physically superior beings so they are fit for picking cotton and not for reading books. these ideas were used to normalize slavery so people would not resist slavery so then would think it was natural and normal.st therefore those who benefited would continue to benefit fromt. it. this book is broken into five sections. each section has a major character. each of these characters serve as windows to the larger racial debate in america. when you're talking about the i history of racist ideas you're really talking about the history of a debate between racist and anti- racist ideas. you're talking about powerful people who were involved, these ideas did not come out of nowhere. they came out of people's minds, although some of us would call those mines like desert if they could create those ideas. the third major character in this text is that william lloyd garrison. and for those not familiar with the history of the abolitionist movement, he went on to become one o

soldiers and black southerners. but is really is the wars in the dakotas that hurt reconstruction because, again, those soldiers are needed down there to enforce voting rights in alabama, mississippi and not out in the west. so that really hurts reconstruction a lot. >> thank you very much. and for edna green medford, were there any substantial or significant economic gains achieved by former slaves, freed men and women during this helter skelter period of reconstruction? >> well, you know, historians have always argued that the system of sharecropping had to be implemented because there was no money in the south at the end of the war, and it is true. sharecropping did not have to be the institution, the economic institution that was established however. to some extent african-americans are supportive of a sharecropping system only because it allows them to work the land without someone standing over them with a lash. so the land is actually being rented for a share of the crop. the problem with sharecropping was th

he is reading these black newspapers that describe him as the most important black american in the history of our country. they go on and on. he is more important than frederick douglass for this reason, more important than washington carver for this reason. jackie robinson playing every day in 1947, knowing the burden that is on him, knowing that half of the guys out there are opposed to him playing and are taught him, sometimes trying to hurt him, it is certainly right up there. his ability to recognize that without the hitting, nothing else matters, if he doesn't continue to play well, it will not happen for him. all season long he continues to head. doesn't take a day off. the dodgers are carrying to other first baseman on the roster. he traits them away. -- trades them away. he traded a bay to the pirates because a big had been so opinion thatut his black people shouldn't play baseball. the dodgers go to st. louis on their last road trip of the year with a client -- chance to clip the pennant. the cardinals have been one of the worst antagonist of robinson. at least a handful of playe

and the black sheep squadron would take its rightful place in marine aviation history. was there something unique about this guy that made this squadron special? >> he was the right guy at the right time. we were at the right place at the right timeand we all felt that we were very lucky to be in a squadron by boyington. >> on 11 january, 1988, at the edge of 75, pappy boyington died of cancer at a hospice in fresno, california. he credited his fourth wife josephine with helping him win his battle with the bottle. for the last few years of his >>> during their 12 weeks together as a marine fighter squadron, 11 black sheep were killed in action. the vmf-214 still racked up an extraordinary record. nine of them became aces. one received the navy cross and their skipper the medal of honor. but perhaps their gradest achievement was the effect they had on a war weary nation, hungry for good news, the black sheep provided a steady stream of it. theirs is a war story that deserves to be told. i'm oliver north. good night. >>> tonight on "war stories." >> we were eager for a fi

when black folks say, black lives matter, they are in search of simple recognition. let's hear from jonathan in glenn cove, new york, about a minute left. >> caller: oh, hi, welcome, dr. dyson. i'd like to make an observation, i know some people, i think, don't realize the extent to which their are sort of racial overtones in society. i'm a blind person and ordinarily in conversations, i tend to hear differences in how people speak. sometimes if i hear a group of friends, you know, people who have been friends for a long time talking, it really only takes a few minutes before i start to get an impression that one person in the conversation has darker skin or something. you can hear it in how long people speak or who's ideas are affirmed, or things like that. but i'd also like to say i hear it, really much more among older people and i don't hear it very much among young people at all. so, i think, you know, that's something that may be changing. >> right, so, as extremely important port. aural dimension of assignment of values and the way we speak to each other not o

it was up to wendell smith to arrange for black taxi companies to pick them up and to find black restaurants where they could eat. wendell smith was a very important player in the story of jackie robinson's success in 1947. >> i was curious about jackie robinson's salary in 1947. compared to other rookies with his same skill sets, but also in subsequent years of his career. >> 1947 he made the legal minimum $5,000. he brought in at least $100,000 or $200,000 in revenue for the dodgers that year because they were attracting so many fans everywhere they went. he definitely made branch rickey a wealthy man. the following season he was awarded with a small raise. jackie robinson accepted the first offer in 1948, so he was making far less than other players on the dodgers who were not nearly as talented but perhaps were older and as a result had built up. no matter how enlightened he was, he was not very enlightened when it came to writing checks. he really believed robinson was not entitled to a big raise until he proved himself a few more years. robinson always felt great admiration, but his wi

- nothing. - peak blackness, baby. - peak blackness. - peak blackness! ha! [laughter] ha!t's over. it's over. [laughter] - we had a good run. thank you, roy. roy wood jr., everyone. we'll be right back. roy, we had a good run. a fresh remix of natural flavors... cherry blossom, gold apple, and orange blossom. no artificial flavors, or colors. award winning strongbow hard ciders. fortified.tored. replenished. emerge everyday with emergen-c packed with b vitamins, antioxidants, electrolytes plus more vitamin c than 10 oranges. why not feel this good everyday? emerge and see. ♪ ♪i'ma wade, i'ma wave through the waters♪ ♪tell the tide, "don't move" ♪freedom! freedom! i can't move ♪freedom, cut me loose! ♪freedom! freedom! where are you?♪ ♪cause i need freedom too! ♪freedom! freedom! freedom! freedom!♪ ♪what you want from me? ♪is it truth you seek? oh father can you hear meee...ooow?♪ and now...i'm in bristol, inia. tennessee. on this side of the road is virginia... and on this side it's tennessee. no matter which state in the country you live in, you could save hundreds on car

and what's worse than being labeled an angry black man? an angry black woman. cnn's angela rye never breaks on tv, but you damn sure know what she's thinking. that girl could have her own emoji keyboard. - donald trump's done great things in his private time too. - i am a black woman. i do roll my eyes. if someone says something, frankly, that's crazy as hell, i don't think that you should have to remain composed. - and that's just her silent game. her verbal game? oh, man, that's a whole nother level. - tell me about those tax returns, corey, while you're at it. - watch her take down trump's campaign manager with a beyoncé lyric. - corey, in this moment, i'm gonna beyoncé you. boy, bye. - you don't even see it coming. you just be having a conversation, and--bop!--beyoncé. nobody's come closer to the edge than marc lamont hill

. >> no justice in america for the blacks! >> we're on the ground. >> you can't just not do something. >> with those who watched their american dream go up in flames. and once-silent voices now speaking out. >> they said, you got to get over it because your mom was shot. >> with ferguson and baltimore fresh in our minds, the lessons learned from those dark days in los angeles a quarter century ago. this special edition of "nightline" will be right back. >>> this is a special edition of "nightline." "city of angels: legacy of the riots." >> good evening. thanks for joining us tonight from south los angeles, the city of angels, for this special edition of "nightline." >> 25 years ago this week, this community was known as south central. scene of one of the deadliest riots in u.s. history. five days of violence and mayhem when race and raids collided sparked by the rodney king verdict. >> as you know, i grew up in california in a korean-american family. like most americans i will never forget watching in disbelief as chaos consum

home and the black kid will keep going through. once you get into the courthouse, discretion is a nice -- exercised by officers, every discretion in the criminal justice system, discretion is exercised in a way that african american people see the harsh end. but they say that is interesting, you can't do anything with that. that is a fascinating fact. ultimately we need the supreme court, we are going to have to get that overturned. in the short run, and the high-profile extreme, this is not a situation that will go away. all the stuff about voting discrimination is a thing of the past, that doesn't happen anymore. five years ago they said this. that is crazy talk. an astonishing decision. it really is at this point where you have to be bringing the evidence to them in a way that -- >> is not palatable. >> that is what is happening which the case of a black man, his own lawyer introduced an expert who testified he is more likely to commit crimes because he is black. period. that fact, whether you are likely to commit crimes in the

i think the black condition always found itself in this place of ambivalence. on one hand, you experience the kind of historical oppression we experience. at the same time, where are asked the defend the country, right or wrong. dr. king took the position of i feel deeply committed to the idea that america is trying to live up to or i don't think that we'll continue this into the best interests. they have a right to stand-up because they are the first to die and the most to die in that conflict. i think his position was a good one and pivotal one. >> it was pivotal and it was good from your perspective and perspective of others. as you know, that speech was not greeted that way by the press or the body politics. they pushed back on martin king really, really hard. people turned against him. he was ostracized. the last year of his life, april 4, '67 or until they killed him in '68 there was difficulty as you know. share what those personal conversations were like once he gave the speech and all hell broke loose. i know dr. king could only confide in certain peop

there simply are more black mayors; there simply are more black representatives in the u.s. house; there... depending on how you measure the senate, there have been more black senators, and now there's been a black president. which means that we will have to not always think of ourselves as the outsiders, but sometimes as the insiders who are controlling the access, and we'll have to necessarily shed out own privileges in ways that we have often asked white americans to do. >> hinojosa: do you think that there is that kind of conscious understanding of "we have privilege and we have to share"? >> oh, no, because i think at this point, the focus group is still always white americans who have just vastly more resources and privileges, that it feels as though what we're doing is simply competing. you know, that there's just one piece of pie for all the blacks and browns, and all the blacks and browns must compete for that piece of pie. and what we have to recognize is, one, that the pie, like love, can grow. it is expansive; we can... >> hinojosa: oh, i love that! "the pie, lik

and advance black america. i married a beautiful intelligent woman and her -- we decided to change our names together and together we chose in 2015. from the language and signifiesd love one site is special for us of course. >> how has winning the national book award changed her life wherever else you are? >> the biggest and best change is of course people took steps in the beginning. it reflects on the way that thei history is present and how weow can create different forms of communication talking about these critical issues. >> host: if you are the calls have to say: david in rochester new york wh iran with professor abram. i'm reading a novel called black slavery.an i wondered how common was this? >> i'm not familiar with that book. there were black people wholacko owned slaves. does thas the themeit was the sd revolt in 22. it was rare because the slave owners in particular white would try to create this narrative of >> host: edom and black slaverya universal at one point like not just the u.s. but everywh

they're killing young black men. they're killing threats. >> they're for anything that isn't black doesn't mean nothing to me at all. know what i'm saying. that's not right. i'm not condoning that whatsoever. you understand what i'm saying. but it happens. >> what was your take of the l.a. four? >> didn't sense any remorse, regret. given the circumstance, they would do exactly the same thing they did 25 years ago. >> i would disagree. i think in the four individuals we have a very poignant range of what so many people felt then and how it carries over 25 years later. >> 25 years ago, who could have imagined. >> this is not a black thing! >> it's been a black thing for the last 20 years. >> we as a nation would still be debating the same issues. >> here on the corner of florence and normandy. >> i was a young reporter back then center to cover the l.a. riots. >> can the blighted part of l.a. be restored? >> today i found myself in cities like fergus stopped by the police. >> lake baton rouge. >> intersection where the

blacks are being stopped?ernie sanders says african-american youth is especially back to my stand america ushered spend another trillion dollars to get them jobs and education. the there is any group that has a right to claim victimhood it is blacks after slavery the government forced segregation but kira davis says blackstone need special help. they don't? [laughter] >> shockingly we can take care of ourselves. black culture is probably one of the struggles cultures in america and there is a good case to re-read one of the purest forms of real american culture. black culture is pop culture john: you have everything. >> we have everything. [applause] john: th music and the mo. >> two words. kanye west. [laughter] black people in this country have literally built america on our backs coming from nothing we had nothing demanded the right to have but was constitutionally guaranteed, i got that, marched got the right to vote and to work and to each and mary who we want. we did tattersalls. somewhere along the way

you can see the data. 68% of mississippi blacks lived in rural areas as opposed to 39% of blacks outside of mississippi. nonwhite family income in mississippi was $1444. that was the lowest in the country. 86% of all nonwhite families in mississippi were below the federal poverty line. 86% of every nonwhite family was below the poverty line. you can see in 1960, mississippi lack years of education six , years. only 7% completed high school for african americans. per blacki spent $21.77 people. $81 per white people in 1964. the infant mortality rate was nearly 250% higher than the national average for whites. 250% for black families as opposed to white families outside of mississippi. the university of mississippi history professor dubbed his state the closed society, primarily due to its incredible and almost monolithic support of segregation and the protection of a system that denied african americans the right to vote. the voting restrictions we keep talking about over and over. plus, you know the history of vigilante violence that is in mississippi. think about and moody. "coming ofba

so black agencies is important. as you come around the exhibition and you enter coming on war, we talk about abolishist effort, we would be remiss if we didn't talk about to end slavery. you have people like john brown, people like william lloyd garretson, and then you have someone like david hoyt was one of those free soldier fighting slavery that is his bloodstained map he was killed by a mob. we talked about many people gave for this cause to end slavery. and there could be various reasons why, but again, people like john brown saw that it was morally wrong so they fought valiantly to end this. >> joining us from bakerfield, california. good evening. >> caller: good evening. thank you for your passion and knowledge and eloquence in which you describe the exhibit. i'm from baltimore originally so i cannot wait to get home and visit. i love the focus that you pay to the fact that this is a human story. this is not only american history, this is world history. one of the pieces that always struck me when i was learn

. >> no justice in america for the blacks! >> we're on the ground. >> you can't just not do something. >> with those who watched their american dream go up in flames. and once-silent voices now speaking out. >> they said, you got to get over it because your mom was shot. >> with ferguson and baltimore fresh in our minds, the lessons learned from those dark days in los angeles a quarter century ago. this special edition of "nightline" will be right back. yes, the fuel is complimentary for up to three years. yes, it has an epa-estimated range of 312 miles. yes, you will probably have to answer lots of silly questions from strangers. yes, this is a mind-blowing marvel of technology. and, yes, you can buy it today- because the future doesn't start next week, next month or next year... the future starts now. in the hydrogen-fueled toyota mirai. >>> this is a special edition of "nightline." "city of angels: legacy of the riots." >> good evening. thanks for joining us tonight from south los angeles, the city of angels, for this speci