black desertion. one of the challenges to examining this has been the relative lack of examination of african-american troops largely as they were overlooked in studies of the war until the 1930's. thanks to pioneering african-american historians, we have come to appreciate after years of neglect, the white -- the black soldiers pond valiantly. sellers have shown and continue detailing african-americans wanted to fight to help their position in the nation. not long after the 11 states seceded and started a war, free african-americans attempted to enlist in the army. many thought service offered a panacea to racial problems. they saw service as an opportunity to establish citizenship and destroy slavery including frederick douglass who wrote, to fight for the government in this war is to fight for nationality and the place with all other classes of our fellow citizens. in the end they did that. the soldiers protected a union and aided the annihilation of slavery. for those familiar with the film glory,

why am black troops deserted during the civil war, but black u.s. army soldiers experiences made their efforts unique. shape to theire decisions and how officers appreciated what desertion meant or how they thought of it. various white officers approached desertion differently. if they thought of desertion among racial terms. during the war many officers assumed black men would not desert. they are believed that they lacked the restless aggressive spine. this aggression served the white men's courage, but it also compelled white men to desert. without this spine, the official thought black men would not from battle. -- run from battle. others thought they would desert and do it constantly. writing home, evan said i thought it would be hard to keep new growth from running. in the end black men left the u.s. army at the same right -- the same rate. calculatedent approximately 200,000 white and black soldiers deserted. of that 2000, 12,000 black men deserted. than 67 black men for 1000 which was not far off from white men who deserted at 63 per 1000. b

socks, they each have a black glove, and they raise the black power symbol. it is interesting because that was a powerful, iconic moment, but they were kicked out at the olympic village, stripped of their medals, vilified in the mainstream by the 1990's, san jose state, where they were athletes, had erected statues in their honor. really, over a quarter of the century, they were denied employment, the access and opportunities that they should have been afforded because they made this human rights protest. for them, what they were in solidarity with was indigenous people all over the world who were being oppressed, including african americans in the united states, but all people all over the world, the third world, people of color, and others of press. in a way, when we think of smith and carlos, they anticipated what happened to colin kaepernick and where his protest against police brutality and against racial injustice became reinterpreted as an indictment in this anti-american act, when what he was trying to do was really unveil and sheds light on contempor

sport leather jackets black slacks black shined shoes black socks black gloves real shirts and black berets the right the way really come from huey and i one night watching you know about the french underground resistance of the nazis who have to wear black gray so we thought the black gray on stop this organization is wrote. the f.b.i. the cia and other local police agencies were all determined to eliminate the black panther party they wanted to destroy it. there were a few people who were killed there was some sense and there were gun battles in many places.

sports leather jackets black slacks black shine shoes black socks black glove blue shirts and black berets the black really really come from one night watching it all with the french telegram resistance of the nazis who have to wear black race that was that the black radio stuff this organization is rode. the f.b.i. the cia and other local police agencies were all determined to eliminate the black panther party they wanted to destroy it. there were a few people who were killed there was some set up space and there were gun battles in many places and people getting arrested it was a very lively energetic move. it was i. mean. i. think i wish i could sit here and tell you that the civil rights era and the black panther era really created concrete pad change in a way that we we can receive it but truly if it were the architects of the movement as we know it when i first heard the three words black class matter i i wanted something more teeth in it you know i wanted something that talked about black power something that felt powerful like the panthers but when you just say those three words re

doing. >> right. >> you just tweeted recently a black excellence picture, the black co-stars from "blacker," et cetera, and other friends. what do you think is going on in that culture right now? or in our culture? >> i think in many ways it is what oftentimes happens when there is a rise in white nationalism, when there is a rise on the right, you will find oftentimes that's when black art and artists of color generally persevere because -- i know as a comedian, when there is something to punch against, that's when you truly flex your muscles. when you are a creative person and you are living in a world where the seeds of oppression are being planted, that's where you feel like the soil is most fertile to explore yourself and what you stand for. and that's not to say that blackness is defined by its oppression or, or by its fight against oppression, but rather that it has experienced that world for so long that in many ways it knows how to thrive within those confines. and so part of it could be that and part of it could just be time. it could just be the time that we are experiencing,

[applause] but the reality for black people, and you can look at the data, black people, black lgbtq people, as long as there have been black people there have been black queer people. it is ideations of religion that convinced us otherwise. we always existed. despite not having names to name. we live with other black people. most black people live in the south, in the states where it is still legal to discriminate against us. we are still connected to the institutions that allow us to communities. black folks show up, they still do their disproportionate share of providing secondary opportunities. not only to black people but to nonblack people to. we are groomed by traditional civil rights organizations. we simply do not have the luxury of saying hey, i am here, i am queer, i will go somewhere else. the world does not exist like that for us. the reality we are often told in churches, in these spaces, we are told to choose to pick your blackness or your gayness. it happens in a lot of spaces. before i took this job i spent four years serving my president, barack obama. before that i

not only do we get rid of black schools, but also black teachers. one person threatened in the early 1950's that we will get rid of these black teachers, and they do. the estimates differ across the south, 30,000 to 50,000 black teachers were fired. they were not fired because they were incompetent, because we didn't need you. white teachers were hired. black teachers were fired. so if you get rid of the space have createde, you say dammingll we for the children. the networks disappeared. has always wanted the federal money that the government is now making available, so the nea is, you , in concert with the federal government because we want this money, but there is a little problem. in the south, we have black teacher associations and white teacher associations, but we can't keep black teachers associations and white teachers associations, because if we do that, we won't be integrated. if we are integrated, we can't get the money. that means we have to integrate. this is a wonderful idea. black educators are all for it. let's merge. nea,it became

activists to create justice and freedom for all black people she is a black queer feminist with over one dozen years of experience of racial justice of feminist and youth leadership development and recognized as one of the top ten most influential african-americans one of ebony magazines an emerging power player and the 2017 recipient of the ymca doctor dorthea ward. doctor cornell west found her new book "unapologetic" for radical movement in the great linage of harriet tubman and ida b wells and marsha johnson we couldn't be more excited along with praise to offer their weaving reviews of this powerful book. as an organizer and educator and curator founder and director of a grassroots organization teaching high school and college students here in new york as well as chicago running the influential blog prison culture. we are happy to have the activist here with us tonight hosting their conversation at c-span filming tonight's event for her booktv please join me to welcome charlene to the strand. [applause] >> hello everybody. good evening. familiar faces i just want to remember to

particularly to black men. last but not least. many of us in the unanswered understand that the 1963. the national civil rights movement. it's one that demonstrated that children were not exempt from the violence that ensued during these years but even illustrated that justice could and would be served even if it was 32 years later. so tk if you would. please share what influence your decision to write the last chance of judges --dash mike justice. you get something very interesting about your mother's involvement is one of the reasons for that. if you would share that with the audience. thank you. and thank you for inviting me here. as was mentioned my career is not in academia. i was a police officer with the birmingham police department for 20 plus years. most people when they meet me they sayarar you don't look lika policeman. to which i respond, thank you. my home background i will kind of circle around that if you don't mind. the reason i wrote this book was not because i have any kind of epiphany about i

sport leather jackets black slacks black shine shoes black socks brad gloves real shirts and black were raised the black really really come from here you know i one night watching it all with the french telegram resistance of the nazis who have to wear black really so we stopped the black radio stuff this organization is rather. f.b.i. the cia and other local police agencies were all determined to eliminate the black panther party they wanted to destroy it. there were a few people who were killed there was some set ups and there were gun battles in many places and people getting arrested it was a very lively energetic movement. so i. mean. it's. it's. a thing i wish i could sit here and tell you that the civil rights era and the black panther era really created concrete change in a way that we we can receive it but truly if it were the architects of the movement as we know it when i first heard the three words black last matter i i wanted something more teeth in it you know i wanted to something that talked about black power something that felt powerful like the panthers but when you ju

do black lives matter? do all black lives matter to us, first? i would like to see us stop focusing so much.

old black school. i went up to a couple of them and said, what are y'all doing, is this a family reunion? they said no, a class reunion, our 50 year reunion. i said, are you having a good time? we are having a great time, we are the gladiators. i said, ok, gladiators, all right. and then they started telling me the things that we know about these schools -- the high expectations, teaching children they could be whatever they wanted to be. we know about these things. you can talk to people and they will tell you. what we don't know is how they did it. that is what we don't know. every community thinks his or her principal -- they call him professor, and if they really liked him, they called him "fessor." fessor tate, fessor whoever. they love their communities, their teachers, and their principal, but remember, they were the children, so they don't know actually how those fessors and teachers created the schools that they remember. i want to take just a moment and explain to you how they did it, how it

black educators are focused on making things better for black children.we talked about the network, that talks about the aspiration. we talked about the efficacy the network that allows them to work with others that try to create a more just america. it was collaborative and it wasn't always fun. they were mad at each other to what they have an advocacy system that's working. you know what the black educators wanted? >> i just want for my child do right. something happened when you got laid off black. when we got rid of black schools. to get rid of black schools and children, you can be what you want to be, and all that stuff. that is something. not only did we get rid of black schools, but we got rid of black trend. you said you will make us integrate, we are going to make you get rid of these black people. the estimates differ, but across the south, somewhere between 30 and 50,000 black people were fired. they were not fired because they were incompetent. they were not fired because we just did not need you. not because you were hired. black people were

for black people.that month later, right, a month later, this was july when we started the organization, a month later is from the first met in d.c. during the 50th anniversary of the march on washington. we vote out our mission vision and core values statement. because between july and august we had had to put a medic mode. we decided we wanted to build an organization and wanted to build an organization that would be a political home for young black people. and you base building work. that was something that many of us looked around and we didn't feel that was a place for us to do that we could be, bring our entire sales. we are an organization of all kinds of young black folks. oftentimes, this happens in movement a lot, people assume because folks use words that they've all gone to college, not truth. some of people who do the best i can do much work workstation have never going to college. then when some people who do great intellectual work who have gone, they have phds and all kinds of stuff. we

they don't say we judge you on your contributions your lawyer your black shirt no we judge you on the color of course. these workers say they're being discriminated against brad fulton who's worked a tassel for thirty years agrees we brought as a company working shift work and doing night shift and sixteen hour shifts and. i think it's unfair as what people can be disputed from from the official says that is an afrikaans read skin color does not determine my worth but under apartheid skin color did exactly that for decades excluding non white workers from most jobs subtle says it's new she's scheme is not about what has been a fits all pay it's about empowering black workers through a she scheme that would allow them twenty five percent ownership but white workers here say the company's being racist and they want equality. critics say that since one thousand nine hundred five only an elite group of blacks have benefited from economic empowerment the world bank says south africa is one of the most unequal countries in the world with poverty persistently high among black south africans.

so it constitutes that is black power, white guilt is black power.hey are virtually one in the same, one of the big problems we have we talk about universities and political correctness and so forth. these are all ways in which white americans say, i'm innocent. i don't feel this way. i am not a bigot. i am not a racist. i am innocent. and white guilt causes this drive to prove and establish innocence. and so then we have a whole generation of black leaders who do one thing, and one thing only, milk white guilt. and we're at a moment, i thought this protest that was telling in that regard. kind of appointed -- kind of at a point in which culture meeting turning, it was a fruitless protest, it achieved nothing. mark: could the culture be turning? but elites digging in? >> that is wha well said. mark: more and more, i watch the debates on television. people very easily almost casualty call people they disagree with racist. if they disagree with a political agenda or a particular issue, that is come from the left, what do you make of it? >> 'is white gu

a black.nd yet, this protest in the nfl made the point that this was kind of fruitless at this point, and i think the central issue behind when you are talking about is the fact that the oppression of black americans is over with. mark: it's over with. >> it's over with. i grew up, it was we never thought there would be an end to oppression, i remember being a teenager. i never thought i'd live in a society that wasn't segregated. it happened. now are there exceptions? yes, there are few here and there. will racism ever completely go away? no. it's a part of the -- as i say in the article, it's endemic to the human condition, just as stupidity is endemic to the human condition. we'll always have to be on guard about it. but we're at a point where the old-fashioned method of protest is obsolete. we need a lot of things, but we don't need that anymore. we're at a point now where we are a free people and can pursue our lives as we would like to. mark: you point out in the article in your thought

it was black women who really showed up and showed out. 98% of the black women who voted voted for jones and it was a huge blocking -- voting block for him. today's panel is called the 98%, black women organizing, voting, and winning in 2018. i know that all of us are very cognizant that the person in the white house, number 45 -- i don't think i can say his name -- has given many challenges to the folks in our communities and i think that it's really important that we as black women take our rightful place. i think we've always been -- we've always been the backbone of our community and i can definitely say we have been the backbone of the democratic party for a long time. i think we're just finally getting our due, and i think it's really important our panel today talk about the importance of getting out the vote, not only in organizing and mobilizing, but also black women having their seat at the table, finally running and winning in 2018. [applause] ms. sewell: i want to give a big round of applause for our panelist, johanna hayes. our e latosha brown, moderator, ms. rye. who else do

one context question, the black hand -- what was the black hand society? victoria: at the time, the term mafia was not in use. black hand -- nobody knows where the term came from, but letters were signed to the sicilian gangsters. so, apparently, some reporters got a hold of one of these stories in the letters and they called it the black hand. the headline is very dramatic. it got co-opted by different groups of gangsters, mostly sicilian, so i would say it is the generic mafia term. it fell out of favor in the al capone days where people were referring to it to -- as the mafia, which has origins back in sicily. black handink society sounded really cool. we should bring that back. william: much more fun. scott: the story takes place in ohio and pennsylvania, mostly, , theye oldfield family were from ellicott city, maryland. tell us about your great-grandfather, frank oldfield. an upper middle class family, maybe a little above, heavily connected. his dad names one of his brothers s grant. -- ulysses s. grant. crazy uncle grant, as some people called him.

it was black women who really showed up and showed out. 98% of the black women who voted voted for doug jones and it was huge for him. today's panel is called the 98%. black women organizing, voting, and winning in 2018. i know that all of us are very cognizant that the person in the white house, number 45, i can't use his name, has given many challenges to the folks in our communities. it's important that we as black women take our rightful place. we have always been the backbone of our community and the backbone of the democratic party for a long time. we are just finally getting our due. it's really important that our panel today talk about the importance of getting out the vote and not only in organizing, but black women having their seat at the table and running and winning in 2018. [applause] >> i'm going to give a big round of applause for johanna hayes, clayton, la tasha brown, our moderator angela rye and who else do we have? ayanna presley. we have other black women running up and down the ballot and we want to uplift them as well. they are making history and they're here to s

they don't say we judge you on your contribution you'll pull your black shirt no we judge you on the color of. these workers say they're being discriminated against brian fulton who's worked a tassel for thirty years agrees we bought as company working shift works and doing night shift and sixteen hour shifts and. i think it's unfair pass what people can be disputed from from the federal system that is in afrikaans read skin color does not determine my worth but under apartheid skin color did exactly that for decades excluding non white workers from most jobs subtle says it's new she's scheme is not about what has been a fits all pay it's about empowering black workers through a she scheme that would allow them twenty five percent ownership but white workers here say the company's being racist and they want equality. critics say that since one thousand nine hundred five only an elite group of blacks have benefited from economic empowerment the world bank says south africa is one of the most unequal countries in the world with poverty persistently high among black south africans. the

thousands of white states in south africa under the employer is giving companies exclusively to blacks they say that's racist discriminatory and unfair but what constitutes fantasy in the post apartheid era this is inside story. hello and welcome to the program. for the first time in south africa's history thousands of white union workers have staged a strike the furious very employer one of the country's leading energy companies has introduced a u.s. share scheme which is only available to black workers white workers say that's discriminatory and racially divisive by their bosses at sasol say the moves been backed by shareholders and b. it's bulls designed for black economic empowerment part of a drive to reverse decades of exclusion for blacks and apartheid the company wouldn't give us an interview but on its website says it remains committed to engaging with all trade union partners to our guests in a moment but first for the miller report from secunda. the new shea scheme is infuriating sessoms white employees because it's only benefits their black colleagues they don't say we judg

black panther movement tell me about the british black panther movement that is chronicled here years of. rock on the they were like educational. they were like the american no walk around with guns and all of that it was just to inspire katy that educated community i mean it was a great education for me and the working class boy who brought up in brixton we believe that we couldn't go beyond a certain point by point a movement and you can they you know they're not teach us about we gave and how we. i understand the system. because before that i didn't understand capitalism socialism and all that sort of stuff but the black panther movement would give us that sort of strength and energy that we could not look at somebody and say no you're not doing it right you know this is how it should be you know we understood socialism and capitalism and and how to approach you know people tell me about the photograph of george barry the first black and bricks together george barry would like a iconic man who. we're very serious about his business he own a pub in brixton and he spent a fortune or

seen it in the black of promotions from my black colleagues. seen the eligible list with names of qualified colleagues who do not get the promotions they applied for. not only is it wrong for my colleagues and right for the decent livelihood, but bad for the public they serve. do not staff the agency for what they serve, and lack of delivering the best service possible to the public. my agency treats their jobs as a career path stepping stone, they do not value delivering the best service possible, my own friend who is black was not fairly fired. she lost her job, a young mother of two. as stated earlier, this discrimination results in a lack of quality services and in the settlements that keep costing the taxpayers money due to inept management. my agency is supposed to be participating in the equity initiative through the human rights commission, but there's been no transparency in the process, they cherry pick who they want on the committee, not disseminating information to us, not even making a meaningful effort for work. when you hear abou

black kids, black cars they start coming in.ants simply walked away from their property. the disenfranchised who moved in legally, semi-legally, illegally or just squatting, an influx of gangs and criminal organizations, the area soon slipped into anarchy. >> dj les: they say around here, okay? that this building's been hijacked. >> anthony: entire buildings were seized to become superstores for illicit drug operations. everything that could go wrong, did. >> dj les: people make a living from different things. some, they rob people to make a living. or some, they sell their bodies. sometimes, things are -- they don't always go according to what you plan. but this is where i live. this is where my life is. yeah, we go down here. i'll show you. [ yelling ] >> anthony: we walk down the street, and one of the many enterprises doing business on corners and in doorways around us, becomes alarmed at the sight of our cameras. soon there's a mob of very angry people coming our way. we do not turn around our cameras for obvious reasons. t

a black president. we had black elected officials and latino elected officials. the black voter turnout rate is up so racism isn't the issue in america that it has been. it's not clear why this act is still necessary. what he had to ignore was during the reauthorization of the voting rights act of 2006, was identified that the department of justice had lobbied for 700 changes to the voting laws in these jurisdictions. >> host: like the one in shelby county. >> guest: in shelby county exactly because these laws had a racially discovered her impact. >> host: i'm curious about what was the legal climate in shelby county versus holder. i understood the clause was to protect people and suddenly they were protecting the state and we were being mean to certain states by treating them differently in the preclearance process. >> guest: is that uniformity peace. >> host: but there is no precedence. they just pull the rabbit out of the hat. >> guest: the problem with that is if you go back to 1965 in the original voting rights act. but that act it didn't say all states. had

because you got more black folks in here doing a black folks role than anybody else doing us wrong. so we'll talk about everything. you understand? because see it's two type of coons. you gotta educate a coon that think they know it all -- mm-hmm -- and you have to uneducated coon that don't know much of nothing. well i'm both. [laughter] and i'm sick of it. i had to quit my job from park and rec from being bullied for six years. i'm the only one out there doing something and you have someone like jackie battle, or whatever category you want to put her in. didn't even acknowledge me as i sit there and do everything out there at hunter's point without no pay. without no money. but then when they kill mario woods, i said something. i wasn't on their payroll that day. i wasn't in their uniform that day. and they been black balling me every since. so, i quit. because let me tell you something. i'm 'hood and i do retaliation and you ain't scaring me and i'm not running and go make no [inaudible] which i did go to e.o.c., i went to the union, i went to h.r. department and park and rec. ne

they do not care about black lives. black lives matter do not care about black lives.re were they in chicago last week. they boycotted all throughout the presidential election of 2016 because 16 unarmed black men were shot and killed by police officers. as a black man in this country have a higher chance of being stuck lightning then shot and killed by a police officer. they were boycotting violently. has anybody hear from them since the presidential election or about last week and. 70 when black people were shot and they are silent because there is no way they can pin it on donald trump. >> the last time there was a republican mayor of chicago all democrat aldermen and congressman and monopolization of political control. rahm emanuel went away and implemented his policies and murders have gone up under barack obama over 2000 >> 4000. the same amount from the iraq war. >> the same amount of black men died in south -- ins the south side of chicago as they did when obama was in office. >> and silence. >> the priorities were about political power. they will use black peop

we're saying black is beautiful and we're actually wearing the color black.groness of our hair by wearing the african hairstyle. >> it was a unifying force for us. we represented something and we had laws about wearing those clothes. if you're wearing this uniform, you're a servant of the people. >> they incorporate elements of black culture, an affirmation of dignity of black humanity. in process signify to the world james brown would sing about i'm black and i'm proud. ♪ >> what was cool for us then was to look more in line with what we really ar. that is african people. so, it was all about style. it hasn't been created yet so we created it. >> black panthers got the equation right. confident leadership matched with a look that amplified their message and got young people's attention. to the establishment, black panther party was a national menace. >> there can be no progress in america without respect for law. >> j. edgar hoover, the director of the fbi, would end up designating the panthers as one of the biggest threats to security of the united states o

i think they would like the euro because when a black person or than t.v. you know everybody in the us would call come down quickly did about my ninety come quick and we were rushed to look on the great you know it's a different environment now you know we have more inclusive and more images out there more people doing great things what did you feel than the present prime minister when she was oh secretary there were vans going around the streets saying . we patrie ation may be an option for you with some echoes there of because they were either thought it was nonsense really you know it's not going to happen because we're in bed in this country we work with we slave for this country nobody apologize and now nobody you know decided to compensate of the terrible times when i first came there were bomb fighters where you know and you know even my own crew my father my own my relative they work hard to build contraband because others say two million british man died in the war and there weren't enough labor power in this country so we were called in a second t

we need stronger black leaders. we need a black mayor in chicago. there's no way we will be able to deal with the issues in chicago unless you have a mayor that really understands the critical issues that are impacting the people of chicago. the black issue is the number one issue in the city of chicago. until we have a mayor in this city that understands how to remedy those problems and understands fairness and equity and attacks those problems, we're going to continue to see problems like it. >> laura: you are basically saying it has to be a black mayor. that's a wild thing to say. it could be an asian mayor that comes in and is able to heal wounds and get police together with the community. or black or white. >> i'm just saying right now we need a black mayor. i can't back down from that. the last time we had a black mayor, things were improving. white people are good. i will work with white people. >> laura: i'm here trying to figure it out. i'm trying my best. >> i have nothing against white people, but what i do know, we need to work alongside

it's not a black problem. it's the insanity of blaming the victims of racism with the consequences of racism so they very clearly said two things. it's a white problem to be solved and secondly, it's going to cost a lot of money and we got to spend that kind of money. so the threats now are coming apart though. king is killed and of all things, you know washington, there's a picture of washington, goes up in flames. a lot of places go up in flames but not cleveland because cleveland elected an african-american mayor and that mayor walked the streets with fred ahmed evans to keep things cool. but if you notice, this is the cleveland plain dealer. it says rfk gives eulogy on king. the next day, bobby kennedy came to cleveland ohio and he came to cleveland as part of his running forpresident , he had announced march 15 and he gave this speech. a lot of people talk a lot about his courageous talk in indianapolis the night king was killed . this to me is much more important. this is like his gettysburg address. it'

community, with the blacks. it seems that most of what i was been in when it comes down to punishment for small errors and stuff, it's like a three-week suspension, two-week suspension, and some, are you a likeable person at this employee and you get in trouble, it's recommended in the file. but i have -- what i have been in, the blacks are punished more and stricter than others are. and it's -- i had to fuss with h.r. to show the punishments that the department recommended does not fit the crime. and that's all i have to say. thank you. >> supervisor kim: thank you. >> good morning, all. my name is theresa rutherford, i'm one of the vice presidents of the local, also a c.n.e. at laguna honda hospital and a couple of people have sent me, you know, cases that they are asking to represent because they could not be here. speak quickly. 2013, an african american was in an meeting with her peers with her caucasian supervisor. they had a disagreement, she did not agree with whatever the discussion was, her caucasian s

selden college is a black liberal arts college for women. and it produces more black women who go on to get phd's in stem fields than any other college or university in the country. so when hidden figures came out, it was a revelation, but it was a moment for us to advance more the narrative of institution that's been doing this for decades. literally for decades. so that's a very dramatic instance where it wasn't a novel, it was a nonfiction narrative that became a film of course but in fact, it pushed that knowledge forward and we had the great pleasure of giving catherine johnson an honorary degree two years ago. [applause] >> wait for the mic. >> you talk a lot about the tenants of art which dovetails off of that is the nourishing aspect , that it nourishes and nourishes what's already in the culture so hidden figures nourished what you are talking about, the harlem renaissance nurtured theblack people in harlem . and became revelatory to the white people outside so i think nourishing andnurturing is another important aspect . >> wait fo

black gray all stuck this organization is rode. off. the. f.b.i. the cia and other local police agencies were all determined to eliminate the black panther party they wanted to destroy it. there were a few people who were killed there was some set ups and there were gun battles in many places and people getting arrested it was a very lively energetic moving. lot so. if anything. i. think i wish i could sit here and tell you that the civil rights era and the black panther era really created concrete pad change in a way that we we can receive it but truly if it were the architects of the movement as we know it when i first heard the three words black last matter i wanted something with more teeth in it you know i wanted something that talked about black power something that was that powerful like the panthers but when you just say those three words really gets to the heart of the matter there isn't three words that i feel are more powerful to describe the what we're fighting for which is the inherent value and worth that black people

he's not speaking in a black community and he's not speaking to blacks.'s talking to whites about black people in this way, and much the way he talked about the mexicans and the immigrants, rapists, and criminals, but in this case he's saying to whites, he, donald trump, is a hero who will protect them against to a case os and dysfunction that threatens. i thought two things. one, most black people don't live like that. i think 22% of black americans live in poverty but i think it's 40% of black america makes between $35,000 and $100,000. so a majority, more than 50% -- >> can i respond to this? i think this is interesting. i do think he was talking to you. donald trump was using the television to get to an audience that the media wasn't going to give him, so when he went and said what do you have to lose? he was talking to african-americans, and the pitch, it was a sales pitch. he's a salesman. the sales pitch is exactly the same that thomas, walter williams, shelby steele, have echoed in the past, if you don't offer a competitive product to the democrat

women over black men.she had a flourishing career would work for nascent social welfare agent fees come in the u.s. the second world war, recreation and social services supplements confinement facilities. he always was quite bitter and insecure about the success she has more or less in the white collar white world that he felt like he was consistently denied in this bitter wrangling behind with publishers. he also had a tremendously contentious relationship. both were heavy drinkers and that instead things under alcohol and they sort of went back and forth from 1948 for the five years until the relationship collapse in 1952. they were formally divorced in the 1076 and he remarried leslie packard. i show a side of her who became the caretaker of his literary estate. thank you for the question. [inaudible] the rest of his life, he spent in paris. he would have more impact if he would've come back. >> yeah, i hope he would've had more if you lived here for the rest of his career. he was the kind of person tem