by blacks? bow in their cities given these are the defined police crowd? >> republican nominee for these folks in court the voters. that's what it's going to come down to, is the republican nominee going to go into the communities and ask for the vote? the real story of blacks under donald trump is how well things were going in terms of employment, poverty, in terms of income and wage growth, blacks were doing tremendously in recovered economy honored donald trump so it's clear that many of the policies he supported were policies that could help blacks in this country. i think the republican nominee are to go in person in their community. it's important to show up. >> black republican regarded in mainstream black life. >> anonymously very much, and that despite the fact that i think black americans remain hold of conservative views on a number of issues. the republican label is still very much so. >> so that has been effective. you mentioned the issue it's not just black so i mentioned i am a je

black axe feel untouchable.ltism, they refused to talk. nobody in power here is taking responsibility for this tragedy. at the university of benin, i met dr stone for the last time. after a lifetime of cult violence, he's fighting to end it. he's formed what he calls a rainbow coalition, a network of former cultists and professors who are trying to prevent killings. it seems almost everyone touched by cultism is burdened by trauma, even those who commit the atrocities. do you remember the faces of the people you killed? dr stone may want to forget his past, but the countless cult killings he witnessed still haunt him. as we sat, a painful memory returned. a0 years of cult violence has sent countless young men to their graves. my friend, dapo, was one of them. he wasjust 25 when he was murdered. this is dapo's grave. and it looks completely abandoned. it's literally falling apart. even the headstone's missing. coming here is supposed to give me, like, a sense of closure, but seeing his grave in such disarray... i

what they do is they start investing in black advertising agencies and black creative marketing and black market research companies. corelle corporation takes mcdonald's on and creates a series of ads that are supposed to speak to the black consumer. there's an anecdote about they tried to sell african-american consumers that you deserve a break today because it doesn't work what break in 1968 america look around. all of this is to say this is something i came to really appreciate during the research of this book. there are not a lot of african-americans on television during this time. it is a very big deal. even when i was a kid growing up in the 80s it was a really big deal to see these commercials. two seat not only actors and actresses and singers, to see black creative talents have a place to start. because producing commercials, being the backup singers, being a dancer in a commercial , this was the platform before the internet. if you spend as much time on youtube's idea, watching old mcdonald's commercials there are some really big stars to get started in these commercials. and so

they burned the city's black newspaper and tried to lynch the black publisher. they banished black leaders who survived the assault as well as white, quote, race traitors who had served in city government with black men. these black and white leaders were marched at gunpoint to the wilmington train station, thrown aboard departing trains and told don't come back or we will kill you on site. not one of them ever did return. not one came back. the 1898 coup was a pivotal event not just for the north carolina but the entire south. it cemented white supremacy as city and state policy for the next 60 years and inspired whites across the south to use violence and terror to snuff out the black vote. it also turned a black majority city into a white supremacist citadel. wilmington was 56% black in 1898. in fact, it had the highest black population of any major city in the south at the time. today, wilmington is less than 18% black. after the coup, black citizens in north carolina did not vote in significant numbers for almost 70 years until after passage of the voting r

white stainless and killed at least 60 black men and drove more than 2000 black citizens from the city, two days after the 1898 midterm election at the time, he had one of the few multiracial governments in the south with black men in parliament positions the white mob insisted three blocks and seven whites in the mayor the police chief, and other elected leaders is employed and installed 200 cool leaders in their place in a burden the city's black newspaper they try to lunch the black publisher they vanished black leaders who survived the assault as well as the white race traders, was served in city government with black men. in these black and white leaders when march and then point to the train station, aboard the parting train until do not come back or we will kill you incite and not one of them ever did return, no one ever came back. and the 1898 coup was a civil event from north carolina but the entire south, cemented the white supremacy of city and state policies for the next 60 years and inspired white across the south to use violence and terror and that also turned the black m

it is both, black boys and black girls. and so in every opportunity the that i got, i tried to introduce, interweave back and forth stories about black girls who were criminalized in different ways and to really talk about the trauma that they experienced both directly by being, again, hypersexualized, you know, treated as, you know, as any other girl or any other black youth. but also as the collateral, if you will, as the collateral harm when black boys and black men are removed from their lives, right? removed from their lives as, you know, as siblings who get shot or killed, as fathers who are incarcerated, as, you know, boyfriends who are taken from them in all of those ways. and so i thought there were definitely some things, and i guess giving those subtitles, the ways in which girls are treated differently, but i really interweave it together very, very intentionally. so -- >> thanks. i really, you know, i want to -- the notes of gratitude. also what can come from saying the quiet part out loud. as i said earlier, t

black market research companies.y take mcdonald's on and create a series of ads that are supposed to speak to the black consumer and there's an anecdote how they try to sell african-american consumers on you deserve a break today and it doesn't work, what break? it's 1968 america, look around. all of this is to say that this is something i came to appreciate during the research of this book because there aren't a lot of african-americans on television during this time. it's a very bigot deal and even when i was a kid growing up in the 80s, it was a big deal to see these commercials, not only black actors and actresses singers but to see black creative talent have a place to start because producing commercials being the backup singers, being a dancer in a commercial, this was the platform before the internet and if you spend as much time on youtube as i do watching old mcdonald's commercials, there are some really big c stars who get started in these commercials so wanted to make sure this book although there is a lot

intact families were the norm in the black community in the 1920s and thirties black marriage rates were higher a lot of what we see today from the 19 sixties. >> try and set out on a college campus today. [laughter] it has >> through his twenties even after studying economics under milton friedman he was still a marxist and then was working in the government. and what saw was government was not always a benevolent force or a benevolent force. so when it comes to lower income minorities with the study of minimum wage in terms of the effects on employment. >> you studied under milton friedman did he haven't big impact on him? >> yes. in several ways. milton friedman one of the bigger impacts he had was on public intellectualism. and what i mean by that after he won the prize and left the university of chicago he said about writing popular books that were to general interest readers. he did a lot of speaking to groups on campuses and elsewhere and he felt the role of the scholar was not something to talk to your peers but to display your discipline to those who were not in the discipline s

believe it or not, the blacks have actually won the first pick. >> black delegation.kes are just frontal attacks on racism. and what he's really saying is we know this is going on. stop kidding yourself. it's happening. you know it's there. you're pretending it's not there. >> well, it seems as though tiger woods is happy to be black and that's a good thing. because i just received word that he lost all his endorsements. >> oh, that's a tough one. >> oh, and wheaties, the whole shebang. tough break. >> "entertainment weekly" is reporting dave chappelle turned himself into a mental health facility in april. >> david chappelle is speaking out in an interview telling "time" magazine he's not in drug rehab or mental hospital, as some have reported. >> one story he tells is about a skit that he had done and he says, as the skit's being performed he notices an older white guy laughing and he realizes the guy is laughing at him as opposed to laughing with him. when chappelle came to terms with this, he recognized the power of his comedy and also the fact no matter how funny

in 1929 in chicago, we had what we called black wall street, 731 black-owned businesses.as hundred million dollars in assets and out of wedlock birth was 1%. in other places, we need to go back and ask ourselves how do we apply old values to a new vision. there are examples of moral and spiritual centers of excellence today. we have a pastor in philadelphia taking those same values in the low income black neighborhood and purchased properly -- property and set up a life center. there are other senders who have created economic enclaves within low income communities and they are rebuilding from the inside out. we have had examples of violence being reduced in the programs at the woodson center. but we have got to do is apply old values to new vision. and this perhaps we need to have a moratorium in the black community about complaining about what white folks do. making white people less racist does not make like people more complete and prosperous. we must seek prosperity from within by relying upon ourselves and relying on those values that helped us through the storm of

fast-forward to 2015 university missouri a black student as they are particular and black students werehreatening to boycott an upcoming game against byu i believe that would have cost the university a million dollars to set one saturday night game. fast-forward a few more years and you look at the university of virginia charlottesville the white nationalists were on campus with their tiki torches in the year after that you remember the graffiti at howard university the historically black campuses. those contemporary moment is always interesting because when you look at the demands that students have been making specifically the start i black institutions we think of the demand for students are making for years. these demands sounds so similar so we start to see old demands decade after decade. i started asking questions about college presidents because as you know in your work and activism especially at black colleges especially the last two years there's always a president that makes a cameo through these histories on student activism. i was curious about these responses we are seeing

fast-forward to 2015 university missouri a black student as they are particular and black students werehreatening to boycott an upcoming game against byu i believe that would have cost the university a million dollars to set one saturday night game. fast-forward a few more years and you look at the university of virginia charlottesville the white nationalists were on campus with their tiki torches in the year after that you remember the graffiti at howard university the historically black campuses. those contemporary moment is always interesting because when you look at the demands that students have been making specifically the start i black institutions we think of the demand for students are making for years. these demands sounds so similar so we start to see old demands decade after decade. i started asking questions about college presidents because as you know in your work and activism especially at black colleges especially the last two years there's always a president that makes a cameo through these histories on student activism. i was curious about these responses we are seeing

you said the most effective way to help black people, poor black people in america is to do three things, and the war on -- in the war on drugs, teach phonics and offer more vocational training. you don't mention the family. so -- >> no. >> i was surprised and obviously -- explained to me. >> i'm sorry if -- >> no, go ahead. >> i know many people who -- [laughing] i know many people who have written very compelling pieces about family values and the value of the being to parents in the home. i certainly know -- two parents -- well for in the late 60s it to black unities. it's a little told story. and now and then said i wish someone would make a movie about that because we get into the consciousness of what that did. my feeling is to write about the family, to write this is what people should do, , more people should get married, more men should stay relationships that the maybe don't want to be in, i don't see how effective that would be. that's all. it's not that i don't agree. there's the wonderful statistic that if you graduate from high school and you get a job and you don't have a

it is written for black people as much is for white people and i think that most black people especially ones that are about y agree the sorts of things and i am saying here is our thing, to the extent that certainty kind of enlightened sensitive white person wants to hear whatever attendant and "woke racism", they should, some some say that they're letting my t people on e hook and it could be but the probability does allow the weather white person enjoys hearing is actually moral truth and were taking a gamble that my book says or goes into that realm so let's look at what creative racism is a megastar so theh story of the writer allison permanent, new york times and she criticizes other people there for cashing in on commercialism it and she professionally went for it because one was japanese and the other ones have pointed she kept saying that she was a racist and she was punching down we really don't like that phrase, hunting down. she was offended and she eventually left the new york times and you don't think she would've been targeted five years ago andiv professionally e story an

white and black. plus, you can join the conversation with your calls, text, and tweets and facebook posts. ♪ host: good morning everyone on this last day of the year of 2021. it is the year in review this morning on the work -- washington journal. we want to know your top news story of 2021. republicans dial in 202-748-8001 . it democrats 202-748-8000. independents 202-748-8002. you can also send us your top news story i texting with your first name, city and state to 202-748-8003 or post it on facebook at facebook.com/cspan. you can send it with a tweet at http://twitter.com/cspanwj. we will get your thoughts in just a minute, but the year began nearly 12 months ago on january 6 with hundreds of protesters storming u.s. capitol. protesting the certification of the 2020 election. since then, over 700 people have been arrested across 45 states according to u.s. day today. it took hours on that day to secure the capital. lawmakers continued on with the certification that evening. following that day, imp

educated black people altogether. it did not stop black people that they begin to learn in l secret. when slavery ended, discrimination stayed. states that everything they couldn't black people broke them down time and time again. states erected barriers to, so jumping forward a little bit you should also know my dog is joining us for this conversation. i may .1 more piece. amos hall is arguing for equal education in oklahoma. he's fighting the university of oklahoma law school as a first black student. theg state is effectively arguingck that if a black suit one search of a law school in oklahoma i will take some time they will have to wait. and amos hall is rebutting that argument say they haven't brought up to an accredited college standard. the regions have no money to establish a law school for negros. besides it was not the black citizens problem. we did not impose it on ourselves for dual education. you place it on us, it's expensive but is not her fault. i think that line the thought that in history it will be

, with other black elites and he was a the black elites are no more representative of black people than white elites are of white people and you cannot inflated to. and so he talked about an issue of canceling the police or defining the police. and these are views where the black elite and the ones in the media, their views are not held by the black community, and voter id laws arbeit the majority of blacks. they want more police. so often times the media is guilty of writing to the black elites and expressing their opinion is the opinion of black people. this is not a new phenomenon. it groups the unknowns supporting and the full show that there were no blacks do not support it. >> and as i mentioned in the school choice, that is huge. soso okay, so if this is true, right in the box vote democrat. [laughter] >> while it is not a phenomenon associate in agent to blacks and give you an example, in 2020 out in california, they were reinstated racial preferences and college admissions of the california voters had rejected back in 1990, and effort to put them back in place. asian americans

black noses, whiskers painted all on with black eyeliner. a black cat, a kitten in her belly. son is that man sitting around the pool deck with the other kids flipping his batman cape. people i don't even know come around checking me out, trying to figure out my costume. everyone asking me what are you supposed to be. my stepson shouts my name across the way. it is how he always greets me. he comes over and gives me a bear hug. i introduced him. he looks me up and down. is he supposed to be a rapper? they laugh. i laugh, to. he does not get it. he does not know me as a teenager. they get it. they knew me the moment that they saw me. i am wearing baggy jeans, a baggy white t-shirt. an old chain around my neck. i put in my 17th piercing. tiny gold hoops. i am wearing dark lip liner. how many coats of mascara. i painted on a fake black guy and put fake blood under my nose. i stuffed my pockets. i am me, i say. thank you. [applause] thank you so much for being here i will take questions. >> thank you. thank you to all of you for coming tonight. as i mentioned at the beginning, the

it means more opportunities for black businessmen, black conger there's -- contractors, black engineersbuilding black communities back to where they need to be. if you don't know the community, it is hard to know what it needs. it means every americans of every job in being able to turn on a faucet and drink clean water. it means everyone should be able to access high-speed internet, urban, suburban and rural. graduates, you lived it. no student should have to go to a coffee shop or fast food restaurant to get internet so they can do their homework. we are going to make sure it never happens again. this is the united states of america for god's sake. [applause] in criminal justice reform. we needed from top to bottom. we need judges who to understand the experiences of people, where they come from. i'm proud i've pointed more black women to the federal bench in the circuit court more public defenders to the bench than any administration in american history. the previous record was three black women in eight years. we confirmed for in less than eight months. there is more we can do. ther

i believe the first black president, talk black historically black colleges, outside of philadelphia founded by quakers and about 2000 students so they became friends. it was an eccentric brilliant mind, he created goes into children's eyes on the come out of the birth canal to stop he became a billionaire on speaking terms in a teacher i university and one of the things was he is collecting art, spending money while he was teaching lincoln university as he owned companies where he hired black people to work in the company and promote them to management and wages in terms of that. he always used money to treat black people as people so what happened was it collect his art collection and he started displaying his art collection in the suburbs of f you. the white elite came up in the art collection and they said it was trash. the display was horrible, they just really ripped it. never again will they get the chance to criticize my art he said. he died unexpectedly in a car crash so then everything he and his wife should about 20 years later, the wheel said he are collection would be ma

how are black people responding to them? while there is some response the nation of islam was in part drawn to them to the extent that there was an interesting combination, something i have never quite understood. about the afro japanese man. and i have never understood it because as you know hitler made the japanese honorary which was a real stretch. so if you are going to stretch it even further, why not the afro japanese man? which does not quite fit. but some intellectuals who were very, very disaffected of the country. you also find a number of people in harlem who have come from jamaica originally and therefore brought the issues of the british empire into the united states also drawn to the appeals of the japanese. i don't think this was a very widespread. horns book does a very good and a detailed of what actually happens. you realize this was not just something that was imagined. the japanese invited a number of prominent african-american intellectuals to visit japan and treated them royally to emphasize the distinc

jessica: the mother of two young black men, she wrote a song called "black lives matter."t now, i just -- i don't -- i am fearful every time my kids leave out the door. i am fearful. "where are you going and who are you going with?" ♪ come home ♪ some of my white friends will say, "no, this is not happening" or "come on, it's not that bad." this just hurts me to the core, when my white friends say, "you know, you just need to stop talking about it. you just talk about it too much." ♪ kevin mclaughlin: it doesn't feel like there's a lot of compromise, because we don't spend time to understand the other perspectives. jessica: from kansas city to st. spending 31 years in theetired military and deploying six times, i feel most american when i am not in america and seeing how other countries and other cultures live. it really makes you appreciate what you have. jessica: mclaughlin, who led the missing man formation as president george h.w. bush was laid to rest, says his years in the military taught him the value of all that makes up this country. kevin mclaughlin: the whole is

particularly in massachusetts it's very much a sense black met poor in a way we had black cousins and we were not in fact black ourselves for sure. they were very much for the first time theur experience being reflected to both the sense of hierarchy of human value and also a sense that realization white people did not know very much about. even though were i was born was a very segregated place and 90% black, of course we knew about white people. they were my parents coworkers but teachers and everybody on screen. at create real cost of the white people they really did not have the full picture of who ultimately their fellow americans were. >> maybe there's a certain cut to the chase and the key turns you invert in. this book is the very notion of segregation. out of this formative experience, the shift from an all black segregated overwhelmingly segregated community to an overwhelmingly white community to put words in your mouth essentially you say black people living within that space did not have the luxury of not knowing white people. they were all around on television, in charge

blacks were doing tremendously in the post covid economy, so it'sf clear the policies could help blacksancend in this country and i think the nominee ought to go remind people of that in person in the communities. i think it's important to show up. a. >> we say black republican regarded in mainstreet black life. >> an oddity i think very much and the fact in the name they hold up conservative views on any number but the republican label is still obtained. a. >> so that's been effective. >> you mentioned the issue of it's not just blacks. as of again i mentioned all my relatives are jewish and nearly all of them are democrats. i have a greatai fly and i think you would love. i say to them why don't you preach what you practice. [laughter] >> they argued for years one way for the republican party if they took advantage of it and given what has taken place with schooling under covid and how the teachers unions have behaved and how they've shown themselves in leveraging the crisis in helping kids and families i think there's a huge opportunity here to really run on that issue and keep that

look, black people can do it. there are a lot of references back to history, and it is the common, or i think, in the war of 1812. it is served before the navy, adopting this rigidly segregated policy. the secretary of the navy, a firm segregationist, use these words against him. and, of course, any impairment in the efficiency, it was from black sailors been given the chance to serve, resulting from the white folks, objecting so vigorously, to it. it wouldn't have been the black people, who calls them, as it were. it would have been those sailors, who did not want to serve alongside black men, who would have been paired inefficiency, backwards. it was very much, let us fight. very much, a close ranks kind of thing. it was 1917, and let's unite, and prove are worth, so let us do this. >> thank you. >> a lot of my family, both, science mothers, and fathers, fought in world war ii. it is a one in marines, and we have a photo of him unfold here. it shows, the caption under it was going from iwo jima, to question mark

black puerto ricans and to kind of erase our blackness. and i didn't have a lot of this language until i got older. and my abuela, my black abuela who was raising us didn't have this language. she just knew how the world was treating us and was trying to prepare us for that. my white grandmother just hated the fact my mother fell in love with a black man that had his children, and my mother didn't really know how to raise black children in the world. she didn't really know how to prepare us for the world. now as a grown woman i feel like -- like certainly as a light skinned woman that i have a certain amount of privilege and that the world treats me in a way different than like my cousins in puerto rico who are are visibly black, and i acknowledge this and i try to use this and talk to people about this because i'm aware of this. if you ask any light skinned black woman what her experience is in the world, i guarantee you they'll also be aware of how it's very different from people who were dark skinned. even people in my own family are tr

not that we didn't have poor black people and poor black 'cause cousins and hierarchy of human value and also, a since, a realization that white people didn't know very much about us. even though we were-- i was born with in a very segregated place, over 90% black, of course we knew about white people, like they were my parents co-workers and my teachers, and of course, everybody on screen, but it created this real cost to the white people i then went on to meet. they just really didn't have a full picture of who ultimately their fellow americans were. >> yeah, this is-- and maybe there's a sort of cut to the chase on one of the key terms that you invert on this book is the very notion of segregation, out of this formative experience, the shift from an all-black segregated, overwhelmingly black segregated community to an overwhelmingly white segregated community. and black people eating in that space didn't have the luxury are not knowing white people. they were all around at borders, on television, in charge, running the city and yet, white people had huge deficit with record to the

it was cared for by black women. it was attended by black women. that is the kind of lineage that uplifts their experiences. it uplifts their voices. it forces us to look beyond our past. archives are wonderful thing. traveling and doing research. and yet they are limited and they are flawed. what we do know about rose is derived from very muted archival it was first done by an anthropologist. he pieced together bits and pieces about her life looking at south carolina records. i did the same, independently and with some help. what we found weird that mark had found, which is very helpful because it gives us a greater sense of confidence that what we think we know about rose and ashley is probably what took place. and what the story now is is that rose was a young woman enslaved by a man in charleston. a wealthy man, but not —-dash reaping into the upper of the south carolina elites. he did that probably by marrying his wife. herself the daughter of a man who enslaved black people. robert martin, he was sort of a grocery at first. when he became a c

there are certainly black people like this. it's not the way most black people think. that's something i wish more people would keep in mind. >> you make that clear in the book. one of the things you write about is you say basically the elect, they think black people are hot house flowers who will wilt under certain kinds of criticism. anything that you see that might be dysfunctional behavior is something that you have to couch in incredibly sensitive ways, and what you say is basically what you have seen people do is lower their standards, in order to seem nicer and not racist. can you talk about that for a minute, please? >> yeah, i reject the idea that to be a black person is to walk around in a constant existential kind of pain because of things that happened hundreds of years ago or things that happened 50 years ago or even if a terrible murder of a black man two years ago. there's this idea that every black individual walks around carrying the entire history of the race upon them, and that therefore you have to be very sensitive when you talk about race issues a

it's written for black people as much aste white people. most black people especially once you step to feed beyond intelligence the end of the media agree with the sort of things i'm saying to an extent that an enlightened a sensitive person wants to hear. it could be the probability what a white person enjoys a hearings the moral truth and i'm taking a gamble that my book falls into that realm. she criticized for cashing in on commercials and was professionally destroyed for it because she's japanese and people were saying she's a racist and was plunging down. you really don't like that phrase plunging down. she was suspended and destroyed who she was.. how do things change so quickly, and if you see i will do a follow-up then when you're done. >> it's interesting i opened the book with her and that really was what sparked me to write the book. it's something that is that trivial. all of a sudden she was gone and i noticed it and then i read why and that is when something clicked and i thought this is absolutely absurd and i thought it was

i'm just regular black people, black people who were not famous. i just living their lives and she realized she'd never really seen many of these images and popular culture and that humanity, that, that we saw in those photos really stuck with her. so when we decided to turn this into a book, she really believed that one of the things we should do was include these archival photos. and that's how they came to really start every essay in the book. and i found a really wonderful photo curator on instagram. actually, i kimberly in these henderson. and she runs a site where she goes through it and post pictures of regular black americans going all the way back to the beginning of photography. and so we collaborated with her, and i think it is such a beautiful way to force the reader before every essay. because these essays are difficult. they talk a lot about, you know, the brutality, the barbarism that black americans had to face. but before you enter every essay you have to pause and just look at a regular black person in his or her full humanity. an

i'm being harassed by a bunch of black men here. >> wow!> a bunch of black men. >> relax. >> get away from me. get away. >> no, you get away. >> wow! >> is this the sheriff, police department? okay. i have people trying to put a boat in the water. that is illegal. i have a boat down here. i have legal right to put my boat in the water. they do not. >> yeah, get that. >> how do you know that? >> why you worried about us? >> what's your name, sir? why -- are we bothering you, bro? >> what's your name, sir? >> you had -- we weren't even going to put the boat in the water. you don't know that. you have no evidence of that. we're hanging out. how do you know that? >> excuse me. they came down here to sit on a boat in the parking lot, apparently. >> yeah, but how you know we're going to put it in the water? how do you know that? moderator: hey everyone. the videos are over. now you're going to meet each other. >> nice to meet you all. >> nice to meet you. >> hello. >> it's a pleasure. [laughter] >> that was fun, i didn't expect this. >> yeah, thi