-- black men and black women are equal. equal to the black little class. and show that, and to tell the story. >> a great story, what is going on, and throughout the country, you have written a little about charlottesville. the up session with robert e lee, why is it important to address the stages and symbols. >> i think the the symbols, taking down of these symbols should be the beginning of a struggle. these confederate monuments. representing the any quality that is surrounding them in cities they are in so i am hoping those activists who organized and mobilized to take down these monuments will not stop when they come down. they move toward racist policies causing any quality that is there. i will also say we should think deeply about why many powerful forces in this country from the white house to governors houses to not far from where i used to live in gainesville who identified himself over the confederacy, and in the south most of these confederate monuments, all sorts of any quality, like there was in 1860. 4 mill

although the absolute level of black income is well below that of whites, blacks nonetheless display the most intragroup income inequality reaching a household gini index of 0.49 in 2013 followed by whites 0.47 and hispanics at 0.45. indeed, one of the most significant changes since dr. king's passing is a remarkable gain in income among affluent blacks. when adjusted for inflation for $2014. the percentage of black americans making at least $75,000 more than doubled from 1970 to 2015, to 21%.to 2014 those making $100,000 or more to 13%.uadrupled white americans saw a less impressive increase from 11 to 26%. on the other hand, the percentage of black americans with incomes below $15,000 only declined by four percentage points to 22% between 1970 and 2014. research reveals that income inequality is related to income segregation. this next figure presents income data on segregation by race and -- race in metropolitan areas with populations of more than 500,000. the source for this figure is a 2014 study by the social i will just -- sociologist kendra bishop and sean -- published by the

many people have asked, why black men? why are you focusing on black men? are there other people in the criminal justice stem? that are not well or treated poorly. and the answer to that is yes. so how when i asked that question? black men are not the only people of color to be treated worse than their similarly situated white counterparts at every step of the criminal process. black women, latina women, latino men, native americans and other people of color also experience violence at the hands of the state. and discriminatory treatment in the criminal justice system. and people that are gay, lesbian and/or transgender. this book focuses on black men and in no way trivializes the experiences of all people who base these harms. while acknowledging the other groups have been and continue to be oppressed and discriminated against, this book focuses on black men. in many ways, the experience of black men in the criminal justice system is unique. the most noticeable difference is that they are impacted more adversely than any other demographic in the united sta

black women matter? >> black women matter! >> black women matter? >> black women matter! >> i cannot hear you. black women matter? >> black women matter! >> black women matter? >> black women matter! >> black women matter? >> black women matter exclusion point >> black lives matter? >> black lives matter! black lives matter? >> black lives matter! >> no justice? >> no peace. >> no justice? >> no peace. >> no justice? >> no peace. >> no justice? >> no peace. >> no justice? >> no peace. >> when black women are under attack? what do we do? stand up, fight back. when black women are under attack, what do we do? >> stand up, fight back. >> when indigenous women are under attack, what we do? >> stand up, fight back. >> when any of us are under attack, what do we do? >> stand up, fight back. >> what do we do? >> stand up, fight back. >> stand up, fight back? >> stand up, fight back. >> stand up, fight back? >> stand up, fight back. >> stand up, fight back? >> stand up, fight back. back? d up, fight >> stand up, fight back. >> stand up, fight back? >> dent up, fight back. >> no j

some black folks -- you know what the black leader told me? won't tell you his name. 25 years ago he said negroes going to wake up and discover they have more in common with white folks than they care to admit. what is the? they can't stand negroes. the internalized -- some women can't stand the women, hate on other women. the crumbs off the masculine table. black folks, i am not black, i am oj. how's that working for you? here is a simple rule, let's be honest. if you get away with murder, go somewhere and sit down. be humble, sit down, be humble, sit down. i am not saying oj got away with murder. i am saying i am not saying oj was innocent. i am just saying he wasn't guilty. that is different. there is no proof, no evidence. let's be real, oj was like -- mountains of evidence, nothing. oj, they could have had a film on oj, they said he was making the sign of the cross, made up himself. that is hard to hear, you don't want to hear is that. wait a minute. this is not the first person to get away with murder. byron -- what, 90? he was out there

blacks and the deteriorating conditions of poor blacks which i will soon discuss. now, these data update the earlier arguments that i developed in my book "the declining significance of race" first published in 1978. and they remind me of a recent book by the harvard political scientist robert putnam entitled o "our kids, the american dream in crisis" published in 2015 by simon and schuster. although barriers to success remain powerful, they represent b burd burdensome impediments than they did in the 1950s. by contrast class barriers in america today loom much larger than they did back then. and this is reflected not only in growing income and equality among all racial ethnic groups as you see here, but also increasing disparities and many other aspects of well-being. a accumulated wealth. class segregation across neighborhoods. quality of primary and secondary education. enrollment in highly selective colleges. and even life expectancy. so one of the major underlying themes of the declining significance of race, the changing relative significant of race and class

black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter.ck women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. >> we kneel. the black women will lead us in the neil. on three. [indiscernible] >> we are kneeling. will turn their backs, and the rest of us will neil and solidarity to them -- kneel in solidarity with them. black women, turn your back. turn your back on the department of justice. >> black women, turn your backs on the department of justice. the department of justice is behind us. in solidarity with your black sisters. if you are not a black woman, take a knee. take a knee. take any, take a knee. >> take a knee. if you are taking pictures, take a knee. [singing] [cheering] [applause] >> black women matter. >> hey hey, ho ho, donald trump . black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women m

[cheering] >> black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. black women matter.ting] >> the black women will lead us in the kneel. on three. >> we are done with kneeling. >> the black women will turn their back and the rest of us will kneel in solidarity of them. on three, black women turn their backs. they will do it first. >> black women turn your backs to the department of justice. black women turn youreverybodyk l in solidarity with your black sisters. if you are not a black woman, takina ke a knee. >> take a knee. >> if you are taking pictures, take a knee. [cheering] [applause] >> black women matter. black women matter. black women matter. women matter"]k [chanting "black women matter"] [applause] [chanting] >> justice. now! justice. now! justice. now! justice. now! "justice now"] [chanting "justice now"] >> tomorrow on c-span on newsmakers, mike lee, a member of the judiciary committee talks about the supreme court term and the addition of justice neil gorsuch to the court, health care on the tax overhaul and the impact of alabama senate candidate roy moor

male that black men and black women are equal, that the black poor is equal to the black middle class. that, you know, all of these different types of ways -- and i think angela davis principally in many ways was able to sort of show that and personify that, and i wanted to sort of tell her story. >> it's a great story. i want to take you to the present a little bit here with the, what's going on and what happened in charlottesville and continues to happen throughout the country. but you've written, excuse me, you've written a lot about charlottesville. can you speak a little bit about this whole obsession with robert e. lee and why or why isn't it important to address the statues and the symbols? >> first of all, i think that the symbols and the taking down of these symbols should be the beginning of a struggle, not necessarily the end. and these symbols, these confederate monuments symbolize and represent the inequality that's surrounding them typically in the cities that they're in, right? and so i'm hoping that those activists who are organized and mobilized to take down these mon

in his new book "false black power?," jason offers a critique of civil rights leaders and prioritization of pure political power in which he argues that failed to produce significant results for african-americans. the book includes thoughtful responses to jason's arguments from two leading black intellectuals, john mclaurin glenn lowry. this slender book that packs a powerful punch. as one blogger noted, what makes this book shine is the clarity of its logic and accessibility of its writing style. he made it look easy to dance, so it is rarely expressed his elegance so natural that it seems effortless. how did you get to write this? there you go. it's available for just $10. six dollars on kindle. jason may not get rich with this book, but hopefully she will open a few minds. please join me in welcoming the fearless in the peerless, jason riley. [applause] >> thank you for that very kind introduction, larry. i'm glad you told a few jokes. i was going to start with a joke about c-span where i appeared recently covering t

there is also black women. it forces you to sign into that approach with isn't about competing but it is about being complete for the negative four everyone. >> i definitely you wholeheartedly endorse all of that but another way to become complete we start to see different locations driving while black even giving birth while black to experience tremendous forms of an consentual testing and people are charged with the delivery of drugs to a minor that affects them very specifically for don't know what is happening with police violence with the profiling that we are talking abound and negative about now that the police are answering calls for help because somebody broke into the home in l.a. police respond to domestic violence that is what happens to a the survivor because of the stereotype that black women don't have protection they could have been committing violence. so looking at different places of racial profiling to have a more complete understanding. we need to major -- make sure that all black lives mat

black men. this anthology explores and explains the policing of black men from slavery to the present day and at every stage of the criminal process and beyond. now, many people have asked why black men, why are you focusing on black men? aren't there other people in the criminal justice system who are treated not well or treated poorly? and the answer to that is, yes. so how would i answer that question? black men are not the only people of color to be treated worse than their similarly-situated white counterparts at every step of the criminal process. black women, latina women, latino men, native americans and other people of color also experience violence at the hands of the state and discriminatory treatment in the criminal justice system, as do people who are gay, lesbian and/or transgerund. this book focused on -- transgender. this book's focus in no way trivializes the experiences of all people who face these harms. while acknowledging that other groups have been and continue to be oppres

if only black folks would value school, if only black folks would vote.ly black folks wouldn't do drugs. what i found in doing this research is that in fact african-americans have valued education, have voted, do drugs the least or about the equal amount, and the response has been white rage. the response has been when african-americans achieve, when african-americans succeed, when african-americans refuse to accept the subjugation, a range of policies come forth to undermine and undercut that advancement. i track it from the end of the civil war all the way through the election of barack obama. >> and the source of their anger, the source of their angst or rage is what? >> black achievement. >> yeah. >> and black refusal to accept a subordinate place in american society. african-americans demanding their citizenship rights. and that quest for full citizenship and then achieving that creates this incredible response, coming out of the courts, coming out of the white house, coming out of congress, coming out of school boards to find ways to, in fact, under

in their quest for black power. when we about the panthers as a group that can be a cautionary tale and source of inspiration for us as we move forward. i will end there, happy to have questions and thank you very much. >> i am going to call on three people and get three questions, we can repeat them if need to and cut people off if you are asking a question of rambling on so keep it to a question. don't you think that? i am going to follow 1 to 3 and ask your question and take another round. one, 2, okay. let's start -- 3, 123. >> thanks for your remarks. how did the black panther party deal with the trauma, the mental illness they had to face with what was going on? >> the reality when you speak to panthers the idea of ptsd which is part of the discourse of war, people feel they are in those moments, lots of ways people were unable to process what they partook in, what they had to walk away from. in a lot of ways, a joyful experience, hopeful experience, was deeply a traumatic. they feel they were going to die. wh

schools or black and white schools depending upon whether i was going to the still segregated or the newly integrated school and there was not the amount of diversity in the classroom here that i had overseas so overseas i was literally living twelve to fifteen years into the future because that's an area i have yet to come here so i was already prepared for diversity of multiculturalism and so it was a culture shock for me in my own country where people not accepting somebody for something as ridiculous as their religious beliefs or the color of their skin there is a difference that with training that culture shock and then taking an extra step and saying i want to hang out with k.k.k. . no not really because there are a lot of people who dress like this who dress like you you know who have that same belief as the people who wear the robes and the hoods you don't know it you may see them every day in their regular clothes or on the job but it's not so much the dress what's important is that we get to know the person's heart and their mind so it didn't bother me because i was used to

black students accrue a lot of debt. the average black student receives a bachelors degree, cruz $27,000 in debt. this is $8000 more than white graduates oh. we have an issue with black students and rolling. if you look at the enrollment trends you will see black students are disproportionately enrolling at community colleges and for profit institutions like the university of phoenix. in fall of 2015, 53% of black students were at those institutions compared to 40% of white students. although community colleges and for-profit institutions are accessible means of access to college, by and large community colleges are reasonably affordable but have low completion rates. one in four black students who enroll at community college graduate with certificate or some type of degree in six years

they destroyed the family of the black community.adly enough, i believe the democratic party -- i should not say it is democrats, progressives are ready to exchange the african-american people for hispanics, and i think they are going to be left off the map here soon. guest: i would first like to address the first caller, sorry, i forget her name. the march is taking place on september 30. we chose september 30 two honor -- to honor the elaine massacre. that took place in arkansas, and over 200 sharecroppers and soldiers were massacred and killed, men, women, and children, by law enforcement and deputized white citizens. no one was imprisoned for it. no one went to jail. the only people that went to jail were the black people that fought back. we chose that date because we wanted to honor those black people who stood up and said that is unacceptable for us to be treated differently because we deserve dignity and rights and to be paid fairly for our work. they were killed because they had that standard for themselves. we honor the bla

i was raised by a black lady and really. had a conflict with the show he's living proof that it works talking to people here today because of that that when you have a philosophy and it's widely known anyone who knows you you say how can you how can you hate me when you don't even know me what's the answer you get back we regularly . regularly over a period of time many of these people decide they can't hate me and that's why they leave the organization that's why scott is out of the organization and many others i think it's something that joe here might agree with he's on twitter he sent us this just a few minutes ago he says well if the oppressed won't do it as in talk to people who will but he got a response from somalia who writes then you have a lot of strength to do this work but it should not be the responsibility of the oppressed to educate the oppressor. i disagree it is it is use what ability of all of us with any amount of knowledge to share that knowledge with not that i'm tired of hearing i'm not my brother's ke

i don't mean black democrats. i mean all democrats in the house of representatives. [ applause ] the other thing i would say as a listened to what the plight might be in selma, alabama, is to suggest that it's not much better in chicago, illinois. people think of chicago as a big bustling city, progressive. every kid in my neighborhood goes to a school with all black children. they don't even think about going to one that is not. every once in a while a little bit of bussing takes place. but the other problem is that many people seem to have forgotten the whole issue of integration and what it also meant relative to opportunity. there's nothing to do i don't think with individuals just simply wanting to be in the same place. but what they want are the same opportunities, the same results, the same protection under the law. the only thing i can say is that we must continue to strive, strive, no matter who is not striving. my mother used to tell us that right is right if nobody is right. wrong is wrong if everybody

but i see old black folks telling young black folks the same thing in 2017. you've got to wait. you got to be patient. how do we, in our community, navigate helping young people fight old people and revere elders? >> you can, you can have all of the respect, and you can revere them, your father and your grandfather and your great grandfather and great grandmother's group, but you got to push. >> how did you do it? >> we just got ot theut there ad it. >> y'all fought some old folks. there were some elders that helped you all, that were advisers, mentors and guides, but you all fought some old folks to get them out of the way of blocking a youth movement. i'm curious, what advice would you give, how did you fight old folks even as you revered elders. i'm clear, even in this room now, there's old folks scared of young people and their movement. they want them to talk the way they do, move the way they do. i'm curious, because you did it at a time that in many case pivoted what the ultimate outcome of the movement was. >> i remember in 1961, when we were released from prison during

those black towns still exist. the descendents of the people that trustee talked about her still living there. they carry on the message. the user environments in which that these are environments in which harriet tubman with arrive. also the world that william still had contact with. david davis pointed out these of are the people, prosperous, some prosperous black mostly working-class blacks who run the underground railroad. who do the jobs connected to transportation who operate the churches in which people could gain succor. it is really harriet tubman not once but probably over and over again. does anybody know about the wild wellman scale? five points. the subject is developed. i think this area is right around a five, close to the top of what you can imagine. what is important about all of this? anything new on harriet tubman is important and i think we can all agree on that. i like to associate her more with the working classes, ordinary people of southern jersey. it would help to make the underground railr

women they found three areas of particular concern were products specifically targeted to black women and women of color. first skin light nerves while most would think that these bleaching creams are mostly popular just with asians around the world they're actually rary popular in places like jamaica where colonization meant for more than at least a century lighter skin meant access to privilege not afforded to darker skinned citizens the study found that dark skinned women across the world are using lightning creams that contain mercury which even in trace amounts when used regularly can lead to mercury poisoning neurotoxicity and kidney damage second texture products like relaxers specifically those targeted to african-american women in the united states these products were found to contain a class of preservatives known as parents and chemicals from animal placentas that mimic estrogen activities in the body these substances in your body can cause uterine fibroids tumors premature puberty and destruction finally feminine hygiene and odor reducing products are often targeted specif

black folks in st. louis was democrats. so i think about that quote, i'm forgetting the name now, about what we know about liberalism. and i think that we really need to see bold action and see a backbone in order to fight for black people and for other people of color. because we have seen through history that democrats have not been on our side, but not even in the case of it not being on our side, but also have impacted us through violent means. and so we need to be real about how those impacts isolate a community from actually feeling like our needs are being met. so it's quite a whiactually reqs and outside our movement to be able to challenge democrats and the right, but especially democrats so hold them accountable to say you are on our side and are you on the freedom side or are you not. because for a lot of us, this is our life or death issue. and political parties is a life or death issue. for us in the last few years, the crisis has even gotten higher. in relationship to the movement and agen

a recent report looking at black student success, the graduation rates of black students at nonprofit private institutions and public institutions and institutions that give black students the best chance for earning a degree. between 40% to 45% of black students graduate with a degree from the institutions but on average the black graduation rate for trails the way graduation rate by 20 percentage points. the gaps are significant, very large gaps but 20% have low gaps or so this tells us what we know. under the right conditions black students can graduate at high rates and can graduate at rates equivalent to their white peers. in the report we talk about comparing similar institutions and a lot of work revolves around this. we compare institutions that enroll the same students with similar resources, the same socioeconomic backgrounds and similar levels of academic preparation and we find out often 20 to 30 percentage point difference in the graduation rate. we have identified schools 100 miles apart, the same students with 30% graduation rate, 50% graduation rate. when campus leader

just for being black.sk ambassador dennis rodman, it wouldn't happen! ( laughter ) ( applause ) so again, when is the right time to protest? according to president trump's press secretary sarah huckabee sanders, it's not the when, it's the how black people are getting wrong. >> i think the debate is for them about police brew tilt, then they should protest the officers on the field that are protecting them instead of the american flag. >> trevor: i see, don't protest the flag, protest the police officers that are on the field. so if you do that, then no one will complain? >> can you clarify, are you encouraging n.f.l. players to protest police? >> no, no. that's not what i'm saying. i was pointing out the hypocrisy of -- >> trevor: oh, wait, you were just being sarcastic. great use of the white house. nicely done. ( laughter ) you still haven't told us the right way for black people to protest. we know it's wrong theo do it in the streets, it's wrong to do it in the tweets, you cannot do it on the field, y

i see old black folks and i'm going to quantify this, old black folks telling young black folks the samegot to be patient. how do we in our community with young people and respect elders. >> you can revere your father and grand father and great grandfather and grandmother's group, but you've got to push. >> we got out there and did it. >> you fought some old folks. >> there were some elders that helped you all that were advisors, mentors, that were guides, but you fought some old folks to get them out of the way of blocking a youth movement. i'm curious what advice would you give? how did you fight old folk even as you revere elders? i'm clear, even in this room right now there's some old folks scared of young people and their movement. they want them to talk the way they do, move the way they do. i'm curious because you did it at a time that in many cases pivoted what the outcome of the movement was. >> i remember in 1961 when we were released from prison, during the freedom riots in mississippi, came back to nashville, tennessee, and the race relations institute was meeting at the univ

in brazil there are hardly any black actors or presenters hardly any black journalists this is across all of the mainstream channels we are not seen there the only disability of black people in spaces of power is a clarion call to get. your facts protected. just go to the news room of any newspaper or television station and look at the journalists working that almost all of them. a white so the coverage of black people on television or in the brazilian news must go through the heart and the work of the white. yellow here for this kind of television reinforces stereotypes of the time it reinforces the myth is racial democracy and that everyone has rights and equality and everything is ok to them except. so when certain issues are covered for example when we try to raise the issue of black genocide that every twenty minutes a young black person is murdered in brazil how does it end up being portrayed it's always shootouts in the pacific and the criminals were killed it isn't even an attitude that serves to inform the public of the fact in brazil a country that was the last in the world

. >> next up in spokane, washington dearly williamson show stories of the black families who arrived in spokane in 1899. >> my great-grandfather and my grandfather just what he was a boy the time were recruited from spartan, virginia to come on a tree up to laughlin, washington and they were to break a cool strike but they did not know that they were breaking a cold right. they thought they were coming for jobs. that caused a big furor at that time. there was a lot of problems in trouble with the miners and finally when it was all finished and they went to work in the mind. mind, that was a different story but the mind petered out and they came to spokane, washington in seattle, portland, tacoma, places like that and they left rosslyn and that's how i came to spokane. that's my family, anyway. others came at that time, too. the name of the book is african-american in spokane. i decided to write because of my doctor and she knew that i had all of these pictures and things of that nature that we had gotten together for the spokane black pioneer centennial and washington state in 1989.

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and the black sheep squadron would take its rightful place in marine aviation history.t made this squadron special? >> he was the right guy at the right time. we were at the right place at the right time and we all felt that we were very lucky to be in a squadron by boyington. >> on 11 january, 1988, at the edge of 75, pappy boyington died of cancer at a hospice in fresno, california. he credited his fourth wife josephine with helping him win his battle with the bottle. his battle with the bottle. for the last few years of his but this is a race i've won olympic gold medals, i really want to win. ten people in america drown every day. it's the race to save lives. one in five kids are younger than me. growing up, my mom was afraid of the water. something she did not want me to feel. so i enrolled missy in swim lessons. swimming became my passion. it changed my life. and now, you can do the same for someone that you love! drowning is preventable. did you know that swim lessons reduce the risk by 88 percent? visit usaswimmingfoundation.org, to find, get or give a swim less

i call them black class.they thrive, and they grow, and they get their powerrotomiesry of the black race. all you have to do is look at every single community that black -- urban blacks are living in, and you see misery, and that's because of the black democrats that are running it. >> we have jackson lee now taking a knee in congress. what are your thoughts about that? >> one thing that democrats do they're very, very good at this, they complain, they divide, and they're ready to call anybody a racist who doesn't believe what they believe in. what i would -- liz: they're calling the president racist. do you agree with that? >> no. no, i don't. the democratic party has always been the party of slavery and socialism. socialists are not the american way. we build our country on judeo christian values, which you see inside out and at the end of the day, we just want to win. so if they really do care, then we need to look at the policies that are right now hurting the black community. liz: you say the liberal ide

i have a few black friends.ot the one who always stands up and says, you know, , i alwaysm stuff detract from people who try to use the race card. but boy, if you listen to some , i nevercallers intended to call this morning, but when i listen to some of what callers spewing out they actually feel, it is sorry. this is all caused by the president. he has no business -- i went to a game and let me tell you, that is one place where you see blacks, white, it does not matter who is standing next to you hugging each other. that is one place where people go and have peace and solidarity and for the president to inject himself into this, he has no business doing that. " reports onico email usage of the president's son-in-law and senior adviser jared kushner. he corresponded with other administration officials about white house matters on a private email account set up during the transition. it was part of a larger pattern of trump aids using personal accounts for government business. it goes on to say that mr. kushner

to be black.the cold, hard truth about it. people are going to watch this on the news and hate me for it. believe that. >> and prison officials believe racial pride might have contributed to a recent assault that landed ritchie in the secured confinement unit. >> what you see here is you'll see ritchie, and there's another guy, a guy out here, and basically they're just hanging out. they already know what's playing. i mean it was premeditated. >> the men are waiting for a black inmate to exit his cell. >> he's immediately met by ritchie. he was actually standing at his door waiting for the door to be opened. and he assaults him and chases him around with another -- this guy here is just kind of being a spectator at this point. you'll see another inmate come running from this side that also aids. now you've got the three white guys running around, assaulting the one guy here. and, finally, they corner him and get him down and all three of them get on him before the officers can actually respond and

people knew they were black, and so this was a black team.y would go and play against white pro teams, other black -- white semipro teams, other black teams. that is what was going on here. the trend continued into the 20th entry, especially during migration when blacks moved to urban centers en masse. cities like chicago grew to from 15,000 to 2 -- 250,000 between 1890 and 1915. we talked about this in the first wave migration. you have this growth. that is why they became urban centers. centers, blacks in northern, midwestern, and later southern urban areas created black run teams. rube foster founded the negro national league in 1920. they created the eastern colored league in 1923. it is not as though they were trying to help one another. in fact, they hated one another. they were trying to have the best league associated with them, right? and so, for black entrepreneurs, it became a matter of trying to bring in the most fans possible. we will do whatever it takes to do so. -- there was a better rivalry -- a reader -- bitter rivalry betwe

black person. that has been how racism has unfolded here in america since the white house man came to america. of course -- since the white man came to america. of course when cliff columbus, an look saxson from spain -- when christopher columbus, an anglo saxson from spain, came to america, america was populated at that time by what we call the red man, the indian. a dark-skinned individual. arker than the ain glow saxson -- the an glow saxson. -- the anglo saxon. so this country has a history of mistreat seg veerly people who are of a different color than white. at first it was the indians. the feeling was that the european was superior to the native american. that's the bottom line. now also on that ship coming over in 1607, landing at jamestown, virginia, were some indentured servants, some of whom were dark-skinned people. racism was not necessarily a part of slavery or indentured rvitude, but racism was used to ensure that the multitudes of dark-skinned people who were brought over here from

across the way, they did not have enough funding to complete the black school, the black community had to drum up private foundations moneys to construct the school and were able to raise $400,000. right from the beginning you have a school that $1.5 million was invested in verses $400,000. there was a disparity there -- teacher salaries was based on skin colors. the library at central had new books, the students at dunbar had to use hand-me-down books. central had state-of-the-art science equipment and dunbar did not. they would have a station where the students could work together as partners and hands on work through their experiments but at dunbar they had to sit back and watch the teacher just observe. i always ask young students, if you want to go to the medical field, which school do you think would offer you the best advantage? of course central. central was sending students to college. there are many unit -- there are many reasons students decided to sign up. some students lived closer to central than dunbar. they were just regular teenagers, they thought maybe we can walk to

in 1976, their exploits become a tv series called "ba ba black sheep."s you're about to discover, the only real things in it were the name of the squadron and the corsair that they flew. ♪ >> the bloody battle for guadalcanal marked the beginning of a new strategy for allied forces in the pacific. the campaign was originally a defensive move to secure australia. but with a stunning defeat of japanese forces there, a bold new war plan began to develop. and the key to its success ran through the japanese strong hold of the island of new britain. >> this is where the first offensive is getting going for the war. >> historian bruce gamble is the author of the biography of pappy. >> the pacific was closed until this island would be liberated. >> southwest pacific area commander douglas macarthur was determined to take the war to tokyo via the philippines. in may of 1943, the joint chiefs decided on a compromise. his forces would advance to new guinea, the navy was to beginning a westward push of an island hopping campaign through the solomons. >> you could sa