which is why blanch is my tuska or madam butterfly. i can't sing those roles. chance to be dramatic. i love the voice. everything there is about the voice. i did a project at the kennedy center that will be on pbs this year called "american voices" that explore what's we have in common, we as opera singers, with all genres of singers and all came together to talk about it from medicine to the business to vocal technique to lifestyle issues, and what our challenges are. loved that. learned from it. learned a lot from it, and i'm doing a holiday disc right now i just recorded with wynton and some fabulous other performer, and -- of holiday tunes, but non-classic non-classical. another style of sings. >> you mentioned wynton. we've had many, many all-night conversations about this very issue, which is this notion of particular genres wanting to box artists in. i suspect you and wynton have had this conversation, i'm sure, yours. . this notion of purist in a particular field. it could be jazz, opperist pure it, but they want to oftentimes box in certain artists. ev

really, here, they have given me carte blanche to do this. i think it is nice for me, in the sense of coming back 25 years later and seeing personally my own evolution as an artist and thinker. the whole effort to put the chicano or indigenous woman's experience on center stage is, in itself, for euro-american theaters, a radical position. because of the state of theater, it is a hard roll to hold up in institution. it is a hard road. i am looking at where we are 25 years later in the bay area, looking at how hard it is for us to strive to keep our theater is going, etc. i like to think that i'm not struggling quite as hard, personally, but what i mean by that, the intention, the commitment. particularly, to produce works that would not be produced in other places, and also to really nurture women of color artists. i think that is something that has not shifted for me in those 25 years, and it is good to see that brava remains committed to that kind of work. ♪ >> when people talk about the reflection of the community, we can only go from what

>> not cart blanch but i think that martin gave a clear picture of the way it works. you have this increase in protests targeting israel and that very quickly slides over into what's usually a minority of protesters who start to express, really, grotesque and ugly anti-semitic views. but it's very complicated in france and it's complicated in a lot of these countries. on the one hand you have the rise of the right wing which often has not very well disguised racist element to it. but in some places, that right wing is supportive, not only of israel but even of what we're seeing now as the rise of jewish extremism in europe. the jewish defense league which was bad in israel, banned in the united states is alive and well in france and was directly involved in the clashes where two synagogues wound up supposedly being attacked but it was a much more complicated picture than that. the same time in holland, in the nethserlands, you have people that are rabidly anti-muslim but very much pro-israel. it gets to be a complicated situation. but the bottom line is if you are jew

with us, francisco blanch of think of america-merrill lynch.orope is pushed recession or slow down by russia and oil prices, that is not good for france? is austerity the wrong prescription? >> germany has a strong interest in keeping inflation low. this is about protecting european pensioners. groupw there is a growing of pensioners, an aging population in europe. the pensions of those people, they are voting ien bloc. germany is pushing too hard and austerity is becoming a problem .or france too much austerity is not a good thing. >> where it is austerity come from? each nation or is it a policy of brussels or frank for? -- or frankfurt? >> it is a policy of brussels and then out at the international level. it is supervised by brussels. if you continue to compress budgets, you will push the economy down. >> oil elevated a little. on aat effect will unrest rack in syria have on global oil markets when there is no shortage of u.s. shale gas? ♪ >> from our world headquarters in new york, good morning, everyone. it is has been a beautiful august

it's one of the few potatoes you can just saw at a without blanching beforehand and it be smooth. when you're picking them out, make sure they are a nice gold color. never want to see any greening on any kind of potato whatsoever. these little brown spots completely okay. it's part of their character. when you bring them home, store them in a cool dark place. and the best part is, you can keep them for about 3 to 5 weeks. but you want to use them right away because you want to hold on to some of that beautiful nutritional value. now, my favorite way to cook these, pure and simple, a little bit of rosemary and lemon and sauteed in olive oil a great side dish and perfect with your favorite protein. i'm stephanie tantillo with your tip of the day. >>> a war veteran who earned a purple heart in iraq is in hospital. kpix 5 reporter linda yee tells us he was shot after asking someone to stop driving so fast. >> reporter: he is a decorated former marine, brandon del fiorentino served three tours in iraq. he survived an ied explosion suffering serious head injuries only to come home to mo

utilities commission hearing when uber and the rest of these ride sharing programs were given carte blanche to operate in this state. they gave them and i'm sure there was a lot of lobbying and probably bribing going on. they had to do something with that $10 billion. they hadn't produced any physical presence. they are angling to get the city to fund the vehicles for them to operate. that's the future. that's what they are looking for. they don't want to spend any of their cash for that. they have to take care of their stockholders. so, we already know about their insurance history. they did all they can to get that reduced. as i made the point clear, for the public utilities commission. i might decide, say i was a fisher man and i'm going to start under cutting the pilots and bring the ships to the harbor and put anchor on my fishing boat, i'm sure they would put a stop to that real quick. these people are operating like in london, you need to know just about every street in london to operate a taxi cab. imagine what that's doing to the industry there. these guys are sharks. we don't trus

benjamin netanyahu and israel prop gant-- prop gandists are largely given carte blanche to see what they want on american information with little pushback. >> look how much air time netanyahu and his folks have on air on daily basis. i never seen one palestinian being interviewed. we're ridiculous. we are disgustingly bias when it comes to this issue. >> stephen: really? i do not see a pro-israel bias on msnbc or on cnn's the situation cab us. because-- kubbutz because god knows charges of bias go both ways. here is how they say the media's anti-israel bias works. >> what about this charge that we hear from israeli leaders and some of their supporters in the media the palestinians deliberately display dead bodies to score propaganda points. is that a fair allegation. >> you see the picture of the civilian destruction and the civilian casualties. so it's almost an unfair comparison when you see bodies versus talking heads. >> they are losing this. they only have the face of benjamin netanyahu. you can't compete with dead godies. >> stephen: she's right. because that's how war works. we al

despite that, it announced another acquisition that will buy american blanching for $128 million. shares tumbled 16% to $37.43. >>> shares of tech mira took off as investors got a chance to react to good drug news. the food and drug administration cleared the company's experimental ebola drug for potential use in humans infected. they can use the drug in limited experience. the stock surged up 45% to $20.07. >>> a new york city office building owner is gearing up to have the largest initial public stock offering ever by real estate investment trust. paramount group that owns properties in san francisco and washington dc is looking to raise as much as $2.7 billion in its ipo. >>> and those real estate investment trusts have had a pretty good year, out performing the overall market. the stocks are taking advantage of low interest rates and investor desperation for yield. diana olick has that story. >> reporter: apartments, warehouses, officers, even retail malls, commercial real estate is climbing out of the recession with a vengeance. >> i cannot remember a time when you had such a

a blaspheming bought bristly boosted blanche word, ran its headline, with a full page with dramatic illustration this of the capture and death. this was also from the casper college history center. in the lower right hand corner, you can see the victims being led to their deaths on horseback, hanging in the center upper left, in the far upper left, drinking whiskey and in the upper right you see the brave vigilantes' breaking down the door with thae acts. news versus history. made limited headway beyond the limited readership. they talked to people who knew what happened. the suite to papers were claiming land disputes, not cattle theft, were what the lynching was about. people a fair grew out of land troubles, james averell's friend told in a story published a week after the binging, quote, james averell had contested the land they trying to hold, he made durbin some trouble on a final proof, this happens before public land can become private land. and the entire suitewater is valid, james averell favored selling of these lands in small ranches, botwell wanted the old country and said rich men

relationship of, we can get to 6 but not within the 6 we take you know -- >> di this does not mean carte blanche. >> this is still a battle, they can do some stuff but, the reality is they have to have a plan, and an agenda, they have to work together. ashley: do you think that g.o.p. still splits by the tea party. >> not in the professional rank, there are a segment this still support tea party, tea party movement is till important, but i think that leadership in congress, senate and house will be mainstream not tea party advocates. ashley: you know, larry summers, and op-ed, called for a one term presidency. >> it happened with jimmy carter. his premise is 6 year term, a lot of political scientists have talked about, we'll not do a a constitutional change. it is important that a president go back out, get reinforceed by the country. the failure is he had no agenda, the things he ran on, he did not try to implement. and they don't have a second term agenda, you need to have a 6 term agenda. ashley: come back to hillary clinton, what kind of candidate would she make? who would be a good person t

are not enforce the on the ground, in factories or cole mines, as a result, management have carte blanche to ignore them and push production at the expense of the lives and safety of their employees. >> is china too vast a country for the beijing government to keep an eye on out the places? >> basically, yes. because it's the local government that is supposed to be implementing and enforcing the laws, and all too often the local government has a vested center in boosting economic growth, and they are willing to turn a blind eye to safety regulations and violations of labour law. >>> taiwan cleans up after an explosion caused by a gas leak killed 27 people and injured more than 280. the blast set ablaze residential blocks and set small areas to rubble. >> eight died in a massive landslide in nepal, blocking the sunakoshi river, which turned into a lake, threatening to burst and flood villages. the death toll is expected to rise. right time for the weather with steph. and it's looking stormy there in asia, isn't it. >> that's right. if we look at the satellite picture we have two storms on

younger people were no longer in america willing to give israel carte blanche. it's interesting to me. in october of last year there was a major poll surveying jewish activities. they are stepping from a blank check. a coming generation is perhaps questioning the roll of blanket support to israel. in terms of the big players in washington, nothing has changed. >> thanks for joining us. >>> other news making headlines this hour, ukrainian forces are moving closer to donetsk. three civilians were killed in overnight fighting between government forces and pro russian rebels. nato says russia amassed around 20,000 troops on ukraine's eastern border. police say a man suspected of making a bomb hoax above a flight has been assessed for mental health. tuesday there was a threat of a device on board. the man who has not been named was assessed by medical staff after the incident. >> hundreds have been forced from their homes as firefighters battle a massive fire in sweden. it's been described as the worst in living memory. the fire has been burning since thursday. there

do you think he can even get through the senate that can't even give him cart blanche to do a a few thingst are necessary? maybe eric holder? nah. but both would be great choices. >> now after that the sale of the clippers is finalized, can the nba emerge from donald sterling's bigotry? >> i think so. i think the coming together of lebron james and kobe bryant and others stood together against the bigotry like donald sterling. now donald sterling is gone. hit the road, jack, and don't come back. stick around, the rapid response panel is next. >>> i'm courtney reagan with your cnbc market wrap. the dow jumps 91 points, the s&p adds 12 and the nasdaq rises 44. retail sales were flat in july, the weakest reading since january. economists expected a slight increase. guidance from equipment maker deere disappointed investors. the stock sank more than 2% today. after the closing bell, networking giant cisco reported earnings and revenue that came in ahead of analyst estimates. that's it from cnbc. we're first in business worldwide. p you avoid surprises with your credit. good. i hate surprises.

and who is testifying, she's either capable of the rage of lady macbeth, the emotional frailty of blancheois and throw in snooki for good measure. >> jeff shapiro, it's impossible for you to have a better line than that, rocking his bow tie strong. thank you, jeff. >>> i'll talk to two republican contenders vying to unseat connecticut's dan malloy. watch chuck todd's special on richard nixon's resignation right now on our website, rundown.msnbc.com. ody knows tha. well, did you know words really can hurt you? what...? jesse don't go! jesse...no! i'm sorry daisy, but i'm a loner. and a loner gotta be alone. heee yawww! geico. fifteen minutes could save you fifteen percent or more. jesse? let's show 'em what a breakfast with whole grain fiber can do. [ barista ] i have two cappuccinos, a medium macchiato, and two espressos -- one with a double shot. that's not the coffee talkin'. [ female announcer ] start your day with kellogg's frosted mini wheats cereal. it's a delicious way to get the nutrition you want. so factors like diet can negatively impact good bacteria? even if you're healthy an

. >> kate blanch collette is not only a favorite of, vanity fair but they credit her as her style iconthere she is coming up. that wasn't her i don't think. she always looks good too. >> she dresses mercon servetively. >> yes. >> she's not into showing off her body even though she has a great figure and she's wearing things that are trimmed but it is her style. >> waist lines over. >> she's dressing her age. >> ferrell williams favorite item of clothing a comfortable t-shirt. >> yes. >> and style icon is his, anyway, johnny dep. >> yes. >> he did, didn't he. >> years ago and it stuck around. >> it stuck around. >> t-shirt, yes. >> still ahead he has come a long way since harry potter. i necessity you remember this guy daniel radcliff. he is star of the new romantic comedy that we are hearing could be movie of the summer. we will talk to him live next. . >>> back pack is on, huge success this year, you guys have been showing up since 7:00. you've got another half hour to come down and donate much needed school supplies for kids who may be can't afford them as they approach back to schoo

morning, i quote, i'm frustrated the partnership in washington, that doesn't give the president carte blanche authority to sidestep congress when he doesn't get his way. i want to frame the debate with two people at heart of it all. republican strategies and former spokesperson for george w. bush and former white house director of white house media. lu luis, how far can the president go? you've been with me and seven of the nine interviews i've with had president obama and probably six he said i'm not a king. i'm the president i can't act unilaterally. >> we talked about it plenty of times. one of the important things, when the president stepped out to talk about daca in 2012, it's something he county want to do. he didn't want to have to take executive action. his strubss to his team were always i don't want publicity stunts or things for pr. i want a solution. he brought together members of congress from both parties. both chambers back in 2009 to try to kick start a conversation. at some point, you have to act and take decisive action if congress is not willing to do their responsibility a

quote, i am frustrated with the partisanship in washington but that doesn't give the president carte blancheo sidestep congress when he doesn't get his way. end quote. alaska senator mark beggich says to me, securing our borders has to be the priority, and that should be the president's focus, end quote. >>> gentlemen, good to see you both. >> good to be here, shannon. >> what do you think about this? there are some saying the president is all about his long-term legacy. he's not worrying about the democrats who have to win, in about 70 days their own races and keep control of the senate. what do you think? >> well, i think we don't know what the president will do. certainly what we do know is that in previous immigration acts of 1996, for example, the president was given extraordinary authority to make decisions about how to deal with deportations and work permits which are the things being discussed right now. this isn't implied authority. this isç articulated authority and because the president has been trying since day in one in office to fix the immigration system. what they're saying

with me now to discuss this, blanch lincoln and former republican senator, john sonunu. senator, one of the things i'm surprised we haven't seen more of is talk of reform. we know the economy is the number one issue. this campaign is about nothing. it's fear. and that happens. but there is some talk of reform. i mean the system is broken for numerous reasons. it isn't just sort of reka recalcitran recalcitrants. i haven't seen a legitimate candidate running on reform. >> and the reforms have to happen obviously in the processes but they also have to happen in what needs to go on, the economy, for instance. i mean if we don't do regulatory reform, if we don't do tax reform, we're going to continue to see what we saw come out of cbo yesterday, which was more debt and the economy taking the tank. but i think you're right. and yet 50% of the senate right now is in their freshman term. >> no, it is. it's all new people. >> it's new people. it's not like you've got a whole lot of old folks there. >> senator, i think the surprising thing to me, that is the one unifying factor o

and he gave him carte blanche to go for a regional

willrow, francisco blanche join us. oil has not moved this august.on "bloomberg surveillance." our guest host this hour is howard ward of gamco. telefonica raises the stakes in its quest for gdt. it has upped its bid for the vivendi unit. they offer counters from arrival. it is one of brazil's fastest-growing broadband/internet providers. scrutiny for time warner cable after yesterday's national internet outage. new york governor andrew cuomo ordered a program of the disruption. the investigation could affect the company's plan to merge with comcast. some 11 million so scrubbers woke up to no internet access. squarepayment startup is looking for financing. they are eyeing a $6 million valuation. the company said to be seeking about $200 million. it is about the markets out bloomberg. howard ward has enjoyed too many bear markets. many are not in the market. the scars of 2008 pervade but exactly how much decline in your wealth can you stand right now? i would say this is a sea change. i see too many people who are down five percent or so. we have forg

rafsanjani gave him carte blanche to go for regional cooperation system in the persian gulf. it was in 1990. it was not in 19 -- 2000. it was right after the war. he was almost shocked. he came to washington and washington decline. therefore you can see from the beginning the iranians have been seeking a type of regional cooperation. the foreign minister in 1991, 1992, 1995 he paid a visit to all the gcc countries. that time i was in foreign foreign ministry and he raised iranian willingness to establish such a cooperation with their neighbors. but gcc was not in position because of the u.s. position, opposition. i really don't believe iran is going to have a dominant role in the region which is the conventional understanding care. iran has more regional cooperation with the neighbors including saudi arabia. jeff, what i said about the u.s. departure from the region, i never mean its immediate. it is graduate within 10 years or 15 years. this is my understanding the u.s. is going to have it gradually decreasing control investment in the region which would take five, 10 or 15

you are carte blanche. >> all right. >> i think a great opening comment, if you would share with the audience just what went through your mind when you were at the best western motel in monroeville alabama. the telephone in your room rings and the voice on the other end says hello, this is harper lee. >> i wonder if we might meet and i've tried to keep my voice from rising a couple of octaves and felt as if the "wizard of oz" had just placed a call to my hotel room. and i was surprised and just thrilled at the chance to speak with her. right away i think i have the sense of what a down-to-earth person she was and not as shy as i think i had pictured her perhaps. she asked if it would be all right to come by the next day and i said yes. she showed up at the appointed time and began the first of what was many conversations over the years to come. one of the first times i remember sharing a good laugh with her, the first of so many was when i was telling her about my reason for being in monroeville which was that the chicago library system has selected "to kill a mockingbird" as its fir

post weo check on that will speak with francisco blanche of bank of america-merrill lynch, on wintern oil economics in the middle east. syria, iraq, and libya. >> thank you very much indeed. looking forward to the show. meor day, is strikes as ironic that that is the day you do not work. let's talk about the markets, jonathan ferro? 182,uro-dollar in fx, 1.3 after theations speech from mario draghi. one interpretation is he opened the door to more action. lower euro. cpi number, a high euro off the back, 1.3177. than the month before. but within that, energy price inflation is -2%. core inflatin, 0.9%. winter's coming, russia has leverage over energy prices. mario draghi, how does he approach that? changes,aying it whether he does more or does not do more. if he wants to do nothing, today's data might give him an excuse to do that. ing pointing out there is so thisspare capacity in economy in europe that you can r they call that tick highe start of an uptrend. in the bond market, german debt up, yield on the 10 year is 0.9 %, up by one basis points. equity markets, a high. dax off th

and we gave her carte blanche. >> it's interesting, too, because in addition to the great moments where was that like for you? >> it was very painful. it was a moment when i'm getting an award from the emperor of think we were same sex. there were others that were of the world. responsespouses with them. and only brad, my partner at that time, had to stay on the bus that brought us to the imperial palace. i started my life with a horrific discrimination if you want to call it that. simply because we happen to look like the people that bomb pearl harbor harbor, we were rounded up and put in barb wire prison camps, machine guns pointed at us. search lights followed us when we made the night runs to the latrine. i grew up as a boy from 5 toyears. the duration of the war. but the worst part of it for us the kids was being released coming home.e were absolutely penniless penniless. everything had been taken from us. our first home was on skid row in downtown los angeles. the hostility was still intense. my father's first job was a dishwasher in the china town restaurant. >> incredible story.

wilson," written by a woman named blanche merrill who was a teenager when she wrote it.ophisticated country. a lot of them farm boys. a lot of them immigrants. an awful lot of the union army spoke with an irish accent during the civil war. they did fight a good part of that war for the north. the songs of the civil war that were in effect love songs were about a boy and his mother. there were very few that were stories of romantic love. about how much i miss you, and i'll come home to you. or she's home saying, i'll be faithful. very few of those. there are some sentimental ballads like aura lee, and in the north and lorina in the south, which are songs of praise for an idealized woman. but that's as close as you come to it. in the civil war, they're mainly about mom. and junior is writing a letter home to his mother, that sort of thing. one of the best of them is a song called "just before the battle mother," which is a lovely song. during world war ii,p,

and he gave him carte blanche to go for a regional cooperation system in persian gulf. it was in 1990. it is not in 2014. it was right after war. and gensher was almost shocked. he came to washington, and washington declined. therefore, you can see from the beginning, iranians have been seeking for a type of regional cooperation. and the foreign minister in 1991, 1992, 1995, he paid visit to all gcc countries. that time i was in foreign ministry, and he raised iranian willingness to establish such a cooperation with the neighbors. but gcc was not in position to agree because of u.s. position -- opposition. i really don't believe iran is going to have a dominant role in the region. what is the conventional understanding here. iran is preferring more regional cooperation with the neighbors, even including saudi arabia. i never mean it's immediate. it's gradually within ten years, 15 years, this is to my understanding the u.s. is going to have a gradually decreasing its role investment in the region, which would take five, ten, 15 years. it's not going to happen in one yea

a statement that this bipartisanship in washington, that does not give the president quote, carte blanche authority to sidestep congress when he doesn't get his way. a coalition of immigration advocacy groups sent a letter to congressional democrats yesterday, asking them to [indiscernible] the issue before the november elections. the president has said in the absence of congressional action, he would have to shift resources. here is a look at our prime time lineup for next week on the c-span networks. each night starting at eight :00 eastern on c-span. monday, a debate on genetically modified food. tuesday, issue spotlight on general motors safety recall. wednesday, highlights from this year's new york ideas form. thursday, we will look at the issue of climate change. friday night, we will visit important sites in the history of the civil rights movement. monday on c-span2, booktv in time -- prime time.

the company's buying peanut butter maker, american blanching, for $128 million.el's foods, and nearly ten times normal trading volume, the stock there down by 20 %, a rough day for shareholders waking up and see a fifth of your market value gone. back over to you. >> that's an understatement. thank you. >>> coming up, the pentagon confirmed air strikes in iraq. general rar ri mccaffrey will join us live. thank ythank you for defendiyour sacrifice. and thank you for your bravery. thank you colonel. thank you daddy. military families are uniquely thankful for many things, the legacy of usaa auto insurance can be one of them. if you're a current or former military member or their family, get an auto insurance quote and see why 92% of our members plan to stay for life. could help your business didavoid hours of delaynd test caused by slow internet from the phone company? that's enough time to record a memo. idea for sales giveaway. return a call. sign a contract. pick a tie. take a break with mr. duck. practice up for the business trip. fly to florida. win an award.

and cruelty of slave mistresses, this reality was more than adequately rendered by susan george as blanchmaxwell in richard fleischer's 1975 "mandingo." solomon himself in mcqueen's portrayal as a striking positive image of black manhood is a worthy protagonist, but so too was others. all these important elements of african and african-american slave life have been part of tv and big screen movies since at least. 1970s. still no is a major contribution to slave thermography, because it probably is the first hollywood products to incorporate some version of all of these characters and scenarios of southern u.s. slavery in one film. of course, we haven't even discussed the film that comes from other -- you know, that depict slavery in other parts of is the atlantic world. it does so moreover, and while flinch glynn. master work, boast seg stunning cinematography, brilliant task and gut-wrenching movement, and eventually uplifting. still, it is a flawed and incomplete master work how could one film counter a comprehensive view of a 250-year-old institution involving millions of person, to sa

and cruelty of slave mistresses, this reality was more than adequately rendered by susan george as blanchmaxwell in the 1975 "mandingo." moreover solomon himself in mcqueen's portrayal as a striking image of black manhood is a worthy protagonist. so, too, were others. all of these important elements of african and african-american slave life have been part of tv and big screen movies since at least the 1970s. we hear from john earlier, of course. still, steve mcqueen's "12 years a slave" is a major contribution because it probably is the first hollywood production to incorporate some version of all of these characters and scenarios of southern u.s. slavery in one film. and of course we haven't even discussed the film that come from other -- you know, depict slavery in other parts of the atlantic world. it does so unflinchingly stamping the institutions and its benefactors with a savage violent brutality, psychological, physical, and sexual that leaves no room for excuses, apologies, or civilized comprehension. "12 years a slave" is a master work, stunning cinematography and cast and gut-w

it helped the gop defeat senator blanche lincoln in 2010. defeat is putting it mildly. she lost by 22 points that year. lincoln had voted for the affordable care act. she voted for obama care. you might expect that mark pryor the state's other democratic -- other senator excuse me a democrat running for re-election this year might expect him to keep as much distance as possible from obama care which is why this new ad he is running got a lot of attention this week. >> no one should be fighting an insurance company while fight forgue your life. that's why i helped pass a law that prevents insurance companies from canceling your policy if you get sick or deny coverage for preexisting conditions the new ad is getting plenty of air time. it did not come cheap. according to "the washington post" he spent six figures on that ad buy. you'll notice that in the ad pryor never says the president's name and never actually calls the law obama care or the affordable care act but, still, this is a significant moment. arkansas has become a very red state in national elections. pryor i

. >> the flexibility issue, the states have pretty much cart blanch as to how they achieve their balances and you mentioned the renewables, you mentioned improvements to their power plants itself, that it's -- what are the parameters in which the states can operate? >> the only obligation that the states have under this rule is to achieve those state targets in a timely way. so we have based those states' targets on a carbon intensity. basically it's the amount of carbon pollution you emit per megawatt hour of electricity you generate at those fossil fuel facilities. so you have a wealth of opportunity. you can use a traditional approach and you can set a pollution requirement for each of those facilities. we do that. that's easy to do. or you can use a different approach in which you actually calculate renewables and you actually look at energy efficiency program investments and you use those to keep demand down and then you calculate what you're emitting at those facilities and you see whether you made your target. >> i just -- this is to me what federalism is about in that we'll get st