. >> the black panthers formed in 1966 by huey and bobby seal. two young african-american men who had grown frustrated and disillusioned with the civil rights movement. it had been a decade since brown versus the board of education. schools were still segregated. they were motivated in part by the legacy of malcolm x who -- that famous photograph that we all know of him -- >> standing at the window -- saying by any means necessary. and the panthers took up that motto, by any means necessary. it's kind of euphemism. they sent groups of black panthers out, he had the ability to carry a gun openly in the state of california, as long as you didn't point it at anybody, you could carry that gun openly, that caused a lot of anger among police officers and republicans here in california. who like don mulford pushed for new gun control laws to limit the ability of the panthers to go out on the streets with their guns. >> i'm honored to have you on this program. >> i'm honored to be here, thank you. >> it's our honor to have you on this couch. thank you fo