resolution of british and french territorial ambitions in the middle east britain came up with war and the french never forgave them. france had insisted on mosul in the fight. but had san remo they conceded it to britain despite the fact that it was known to be rich in oil. in the coup of turpin mo remember there was the car. on the libya and the mosul says oil is our prayers on that turkish but for the i'm company. keo. now if. it is an. example. fronts more territory in the south along this is the become the iraq syria bambrick it got more that it got twenty five percent of any oil that would be produced from mosul even though that was going to be developed as a british concern. on the international stage the league of nations now created a series of mandates it placed some new arab territories under the supervision of the british and french a kind of occupation in disguise vender the lash of that s.s. if they did that's no good if you need. a limb on the us so if you need to first. pass. the. ten mil in the course a says it to ten. that. b.p. says it and say that. that then the figure of course a year.

britain france had to step up joint patrols in the english channel after a spike in the number of illegal immigrants trying to get to the. russian children who'd been held in an iraqi prison but there allegedly icily parents allowed back at home when they were returned to russia. hi good evening nine pm here in moscow this new year's eve live from out international's news h.q. is kevin i am with you thanks for watching first the national tragedy to report with the new year just sours away the central russian city of magnitogorsk is attempting to come to terms with the tragic collapse of an apartment block on monday morning the federal emergency ministry now says at least seven people died and at least thirty five have been left unaccounted for after that building came down following a gas explosion president putin was there in the aftermath today and met with emergency coordinators. we should think of those who lost their lives and who were injured but now let's start to work with those we have all the necessary equipment and all the necessary. we are now clearing the debris the risk of c

and other news britain france had to step up joint patrols in the english channel after a spike in the number of illegal immigrants trying to get to the u.k. over the past two weeks. hello good morning well i am here in moscow start a brand new year this choose day the first of january this is our international was make heaven and a very happy new year to you i know we go there with our first full news program of the year tinge with sadness and celebration has to be said so the new year twenty nineteen arrived just over an hour ago in the russian capital huge holiday for russians in the city century huge draw for people out celebrating there were fireworks earlier on just after midnight when we heard the chinese will. ring in the new year send out in the new year president vladimir putin spoke to the nation as well his annual address as expected as people gather around the t.v. set in russia every year to do and raise a glass look at a cheer not too cold at night not snowing it for it's very festive. in red square right now don where they put you really quite where the people are they'

but let me add, eisenhower saved britain, france, and israel from a far far worse fate.e if nasser had been overthrown or killed what would have happened? the era of occupying egypt and Ãin the middle east had been long gone. it would become a naughtiest as with syria at the moment which had been spoken of the holy mass. in the americans well knew that would've been a far worse outcome. the nihilism would've swept who knew where. >> i found startling in your talk. one of the things talking about britain being an economic, powerhouse? or what the phrase used. >> productivity. >> my image of britain in the postwar years is that they were rationing, the people rationing well after the war.i certainly don't have an image of the british people being prosperous. and then related to the other part of the question would be the britain with agreement, was that something the british found hostile to them or were they à >> you are entirely right. it's tied into the status of the british economy. you are entirely right. rations didn't end until 1953. in britain. that didn't mean the

britain and france step up joint patrols in the english channel after a spike in the number of illegal immigrants trying to get to the u.k. over the past two weeks. and thirty russian children who've been held in iraqi prison whether allegedly ice parents are back at home when they return from russia . a low eleven pm here in moscow this new year's eve life marked international's news agency was kevin zero in with you this evening thanks for watching and first the national tragedy as it sees in the new year the central russian city of need to go attempting to come to terms with the tragic collapse of an apartment block on monday morning the federal emergency ministry now says at least seven people died and that at least thirty five have been left and accounted for after that building came down after a gas explosion president putin was there in the aftermath and met with emergency coordinator. we should think of those who lost their lives and who were injured but now let's start to work because we have all the necessary equipment and all the necessary. we are now clearing the debris the

i do not really believe this political upheaval in france or britain. i think the people are finally waking up. they are seeing through a left-leaning media that totally bout everything. i think they see that climate change is mostly a moneymaking hoax. al gore is a perfect example of that. i think they are finally seeing that all of this left-leaning -- left-wing socialism has brought both countries down to its knees. illegal immigration has brought about all kinds of negative up people in both countries, to where you have terrorism, a violent crime rate that spiraled and rocketed. i think people are finally seeing through all of this. that is what is happening. i do not think it is up people. i think the people are waking up. host: thanks for the call. elodie cuzin, let's take illegal immigration in france. is that a factor in what we have been seeing the last four to five weeks? specific this demonstration, i would say no. for the yellow vests, it is incomea claim for better , a rise in minimum income. we have not seen this demonstration as something

the home secretary has said britain and france will step up action to deal with the growing number ofnel in small boats. sajid javid, who has returned early from his christmas break, said he had discussed the situation with his french counterpart. more than 200 migrants have made the journey in the past two months. today, six iranian men were found at kingsdown in kent. from there, alexandra mackenzie reports. cold, wet and exhausted — iranian nationals on a beach in kent. they arrived on an inflatable boat this morning. they received medical assessments and were questioned by immigration officials. this afternoon, the beach was busy with locals. it's fairly calm today. it is quite mild, but that's just not a crossing that people should be making. the home secretary has spoken to france's interior minister. in a statement, he said... these are the shores that migrants are desperate to reach. but what happens next depends partly on how the problem is tackled across the water in france. here in dunkirk, volunteers help the migrants. it is thought government attempts to clear camps has l

germany hopes to form a front with poland belgium france and britain to fight for the original idea of the united nations including respect for international agreements and we also have to deal with those who don't see things as. two thousand and nineteen should be a happy new year for the u.n. the german used highest priority for its tenure on the security council. have a look at some of the other stories making news around the world yemen's who see rebels have started to leave the red sea port of the data with your all is part of the u.n. sponsored peace agreement signed earlier this month government forces however remain skeptical saying they need time to confirm the withdrawal. in front several cars have been set on fire outside the offices of the major newspaper it's unclear who torched the vehicles and whether it was linked to the yellow vests protest movement demonstrators blocks numerous roads across the country and to say that the anti-government protests were smaller than in previous weeks. with north korean leader kim jong un has sent a letter to south korean president moon

britain france had to step up joint patrols in the english channel after a spike in the number of illegal immigrants trying to get. russian children held in an iraqi prison but their allegedly. parents allowed back at home when they were returned to russia. good evening nine pm here in moscow this new year's eve why.

resolution of british and french territorial ambitions in the middle east britain came up with war and the french never forgave them. france had insisted on mosul in the negotiations but had san remo they conceded it to britain despite the fact that it was known to be rich in oil. in the coup of turpin no command of us was the car for several ships on the libya and the most old saw is our prayers on that turkish but for the i'm company. he'll. know if. it is. fronts more territory in the south along the edges of the old become the iraq syria it got more than it got twenty five percent of any oil that would be produced from mosul even though that was going to be developed as a british concern. on the international stage the league of nations now created a series of mandates it placed some new arab territories under the supervision of the british and french a kind of occupation in disguise vender the lash of that s.s. if they did. it does so and if you need to first. then mill in the course say since it didn't do ten. that there. in the b.b. says that that costs a lot from sas man that then the figure of course a year not of

france and britain are the closest military and security partners. it will continue after brexit.hey find it fantastic how they are shouting at each other, but in this — such an educated, sophisticated way. that's why i think there is bemusement or even irritation about the fact that this very parliament is suddenly falling apart. nigel farage obviously has some recognition because of his role in the trump campaign, because he does some broadcasting in the us. borisjohnson, i think, did establish some profile. people are really aghast at what is happening here in the political circle and fighting like schoolchildren. italian politics is so chaotic. when you look at brexit debates in parliament, they don't consider it particularly, you know, scary or crazy. there's been a lot of talk about ireland getting above its station. there's a sense, sometimes, amongst irish people, that maybe british politicians who say those kinds of things simply don't understand ireland. i'm ready to bet nobody in italy knows what the backstop is. they would probably say maybe it is a baseball position,

and france on the state of brexit from today's washington journal. " continues. host: our sunday roundtable focusing on the situation in europe, rate britain and france in particular. joining us is elodie cuzin, u.s. politics correspondent with afp. o'donoghue, washington correspond with bbc. start with the brexit vote. the comments are an insult to the office he once held, she said. in london last week, mr. blair votemp's made back a new if not of the other options work. in a bid to make her deal more acceptable to mp's. could onlyid there be clarification, not renegotiation. what is happening? guest: if anyone knew that, they would be able to see a path through. you think you had turmoil here in d.c. there has been absolute chaos and turmoil in london and other european capitals. because there is no real majority for any particular outcome. theresa may's deal does not command a majority in british parliament. havinger options -- referendum does not command a majority. at the moment, there is no obvious way forward. what theresa may is trying to do is extract concessions from her colleagues in the e.u. to try to get some kind of guarantee

britain and france say that to increase joint patrols in an effort against an eagle immigration to the u.k. after an unexpected rise of refugees arriving in britain across the english channel over the past two weeks and the society has the story. deeply concerning became a gratian minister is sounding the alarm made for a recent sage in migrant crossings over the english channel what do you do in a crisis pick up the phone while the u.k. him secretary and the french interior minister at least spoke to each other but is this really enough to combat channel crossings from the u.k. and france is a partnership all too familiar when it comes to border protection but having spent millions already to set up and then move refugee camps one of the biggest flashpoints of the migrant crisis the port in kobe which made headlines almost daily. from cal a today for the poor to seen a spike in the number of adults some children arriving at the kents coast sporadic crossings were seen at the start of the refugee crisis but more recently over two hundred twenty men women and children. have attempted to

in april one thousand nine hundred twenty four main allies britain france italy and japan met at the san remo conference they created three entities mesopotamia syria and palestine. the french forced faith out of damascus and to complete control of syria britain took mesopotamia and palestine including jerusalem which had been under international administration under the terms of. so really it's a river we should be talking about if we want to say what is the modern middle east look like and the striking thing is this if britain had been concerned to preserve relations with france right through this to go she asian right through this process they failed because the french looked at sites because they looked to the baptists and they realized that they got much less than they had been promised by the british insight fico we overlook these things but in a sense i think that states fico reflects a failure of trying to negotiate a happy resolution of british and french territorial ambitions in the middle east britain came up with war and the french never forgave them. france had insisted o

pioneering pilots and their tiny aircraft, like this one, who were fighting in the skies above britain, france belgium? among them was a teenager who joined the royal flying corps in 1916. his name was edwin raworth, and he was my grandfather. they got in the aircraft knowing that there was a better than likely chance they weren't coming back. for a new pilot, the life expectancy could be between 11 and 17 days. some people survived and did it all over again. just terrifying, terrifying. until very recently, i never knew my grandfather had been a pilot in world war i. and then my father told me to look inside a dusty old suitcase in their cellar. it's really heavy. my goodness. it is so heavy. incredible. look at that, it's got his initials on it. elr. oh, my goodness. look at that. wow. look at all this stuff, photographs, a cat. a cat. look at that, it's beautiful. that's his royal flying corps hat. it's the cap that my grandfather was wearing when he posed with fellow pilots for the only photo we have from his short flying career. we've now got all this extraordinary stuff which, when you l

over a hundred years ago britain and france made a secret deal to divide the middle east between them now we can draw in the second episode we explore the lasting effects of this agreement if there is a original set to six because it's at the borders were drawn without consulting the people after that with the. psychs people lines in the sand on on just. we understand the differences. and the similarities of cultures across the world so no matter how you take it. will bring you the news and current of the. private messages revealed that journalists fear about the saudi crown prince. hello i'm. also coming up fifty in spring to leave yemen for treatment and i'm on a request by the u.n. envoy to the. coalition fighting the war. so we cannot leave each it without being. bold and strong. leaders from nearly two hundred countries arrived in poland to climate change plus . near toronto beneath the still waters of this lake scientists are trying to find out when humans bore impact on the planet than any other force in nature. newly released private messages of journalist jamal khashoggi a re

classifying cell phone radiation as a possible human carcinogen and the governments of great britain france and israel to issue strong warnings on cell phone use by children i personally and i'm not really worried because most of my cell phone use involves adding it to vibrate and then rubbing it against my junk i. was surprised that the researchers haven't tried that on a mouse. and yet the telecoms are testing the move to a five g. network which no one is worried about at stake sassed a public health professor at the university of california as described by g.e. as a massive experiment on the health of all species. others have said five g.'s is a weapons grade frequency there is no knowing the future implications for us we are the guinea pigs weapons grade could you imagine why planes grade phone calls from your mother. sounds truly unpleasant. i'm kidding i love you mom speaking of weapons grade let's move on to monsanto there are newly released court documents revealing that monsanto colluded with the e.p.a. to cover up cancer research in their hugely popular we've killer roundup the ne

7 manned centre with british and french officials to end this kind of illegal migration from britain to francedisruptions because whilst we know about the successful attempts that people have made it to the uk, there are also many that are not successful because the french have been successful in i think about 40% of cases so far this year, in actually disrupting them and stopping them leaving the french coast. the french and british are working together, we want to get the disruption up, so we're looking at ways to do that directly but also in more covert ways. and then lastly i want to send a very strong signal to the people who do think about making this journey, that we will do all we can to ensure it is not a success in the sense that i don't want people to think that if they leave a safe country like france that they can get to britain and then just get to stay. and that's why am working out ways with the french to increase the number of returns that we can make, to also send a strong message that we will do all we can, notjust to protect human life because that's the right and responsib

in britain and the dominions, and in france.w are these powers going to find an army to go on into 1919? so the war ended so abruptly with the kaiser abdicating and the german army dissolving that we don't really ponder what would've happened without the american intervention. it contributes so much to that german implosion. so, the doughboys themselves were remarkable and i came across a great quote by edward streeter. he was the author of the popular dear mabel letters. because the average education of a doughboy, and 1918 was if you were a nativeborn white american it was seven years if you were a emigrant american it was four years, if you are an african-american it was three years. so other letters were full of misspellings and the deer mabel was -- letters. about the doughboys he said, they had that strange mixture of discontent and cheerfulness. stubbornness under discipline, and tractability under his leadership. sentimentalism and repression. garrulous incoherent. the doughboys, were men used to taking things as they fi

paris, france, of course, so he was in france, he visited italy, belgium and great britain. while in italy, he went there to rome and met with the pope, pope benedict xiv. this is a mosaic a gift to president wilson. it's such a fine mosaic that if you think from a distance it's an oil painting. scholars of art will recognize it's a detail from a painting by a renaissance painter, an italian painter. this was a work of the vatty van workshop and a gift of the pope, presented to president wilson as a way to wish him well in bringing peace to the world at the paris peace conference. here is another amazingly beautiful work of art. this is a painting called les perance. by a fellow who was an armene yan, later an armenian-american. one of the consequences of world war i was that the ottoman empire, which had governed what we think of today as the middle east, near east asia, turkey and that region, the ottoman empire collapsed after having controlled that area for eight or nine centuries. in that transition transition, the armenian people suffered grievously. who was our presid

insists it was murder and on november the tenth it shared recordings from inside the consulate with britain france germany the us and the saudis themselves five days later riyadh charged eleven suspects for the killing but to this day the kingdom denies the crown prince was in any way involved well jim murder overshadowed much of the g twenty summits saudi crown prince appeared isolated early on as speculation mounts up. about his alleged involvement in the killing but as alan fessler reports day two was quite different. the saudi crown prince has had a busy day to at the g. twenty he met one on one with the argentinean president and there was an extended meeting with president putin of russia the man who gave him a high five on friday. turkey's president at the one revealed the case of jamal khashoggi it was raised only once in meetings with all the leaders and it was by the canadians he said the saudi crown prince gave what he described as an unbelievable response i asked him what he meant. did. the sidey regime first tonight as and then tried to distort facts and finally admitted to this murder

there was a trio of big nations in europe, britain, france, and germany, now it is left to france andill continue after brexit. so many germans watch prime ministers questions, and they find it fantastic how they are shouting at each other, in such an educated, sophisticated way. that is why i think there is amusement or irritation about the fact that this very parliament is suddenly falling apart. nigel farage obviously has some recognition because of his role in the trump campaign because he does some broadcasting in the us, borisjohnson, i think, does some broadcasting in the us, borisjohnson, ithink, did establish some profile. people are really a gassed out what is happening here in the political circle and fighting like schoolchildren — — circle and fighting like schoolchildren —— aghast. circle and fighting like schoolchildren -- aghast. italian politics is so chaotic. when you look at the brexit debates in parliament they don't consider it particularly, you know, scary or crazy. there has been a lot of talk about ireland getting above its station. there is a sense, sometimes,

form autumn and territory in the middle east would be divided between france and britain france was given a league of nations mandate to govern lebanon and syria. a similar mandate for palestine trans-jordan and iraq was awarded to britain. there were huge reserves of petroleum in iraq and they would now be controlled mostly by british and. the treaty also provided for and of thomas kurdish region in the new turkish stay. home jewish communities had existed in palestine for centuries. beginning in one nine hundred twenty large numbers of jews most of them from europe began immigrating to the region. zionist organizations demanded that a national home for jewish people should be created in palestine. during the war britain had said that any new jewish state should not disrupt existing arab communities britta made these and other promises to win arab support against the ottomans. the british officer t.e. lawrence better known as lawrence of arabia served as a liaison between the british and arab forces. in november one thousand nine hundred twenty one the jewish agency for palestine was cre

in britain and the dominions and france. how were these powers going to find an army to go on into 1919? so i think the war ended so abruptly, with the kaiser ant kating and the german army dissolving, that we don't really ponder what would have happened without the american ichbt vention. the american intervention that contributeed so much to that german implosion. so the dough boys themselves were remarkable. and i came across a great quote by edward streeter, who was the author of the popular dear mable letters, because the average education of a dough boy in 1918 was, if you were of a native born white american, it was seven years, if you were an immigrant american, it was four years, if you were an african-american, it was three years. so all their letters were full of misspellings and so the dear mabel letters, this was the willie and joe verse of world war i. and about the dough boys he said, they had that strange mixture of discontent and cheerfulness. stubbornness under discipline. and tractability under leadership.

retailers in britain, france, and germany seem weakness.et's bring in our bloomberg opinion columnist covers the retail sector. the chill is that it is spreading to online, a slowdown in retail. is that right? >> that is right. online and they're not saddled the stores and get they are suffering. , why are they suffering given that they were the retailer that was honored for so many years? andrea: consumer confidence has slumped, not just in the u.k. but also in france and germany. we introduced on black friday spreading across europe and that has consumers addicted to discounts. big price cuts also taking its toll. vonnie: how much does brexit mighto do it this? asos be in dozens and dozens of countries, but 38% of profit and sales come from the united kingdom. doubt theere is no political uncertainty in the taking its tall on consumers. it is easy to blame brexit. i think this is real. i talked with lots of retailers over the months and they has said the consumer has slowed down. they are nervous. they have reigned in spending. one said i

the french interior minister said the other day that it's as big a problem in france as it is in britainckers are roaming free in france trying to exploit vulnerable people. it's in all our interest to make sure this is stopped as soon as possible, particularly before there is a tragedy in the middle of the english channel. this home secretary seems to be concerned about the idea of bringing back cutters, and it could encourage people to make the journey because they will think they will get picked up and brought to britain. is that a risk? it's defeatist. it's like saying why have any cutters or board force at all, should we just give up protecting our borders? i don't agree. the rnli lifeboat has been doing most of the rescues in any event so it would not encourage more people because the rnli is already doing their duty. it would provide a strong deterrent, ta ke would provide a strong deterrent, take back control of our borders and enable us to work with the french, to bring these people back to france so to bring these people back to france so they don't have a chance of breaking in

. >> leaders of britain and france with a problem of their own. even after emmanuel macron offered concessions and now theresa may facing a suspension of the brexit vote. we go to london next. >>> in britain, parliament set to hold an emergency debate after prime minister theresa may announced her government will postpone a vote on the brexit deal. that vote had been scheduled to take place today. >> it is clear while there is broad support for many of the key aspects of the deal, we went ahead and held the vote tomorrow, the deal would be rejected. >> may started frantic diplomacy with eu leaders trying to get specifics on the deal. she meets today with german chance lett chancellor angela merkel. we have nina dos santos with more from london. good morning. >> reporter: dave, today, the prime minister as you pointed out is engaging in the furious round of pressing the flesh trying to get europeans on her side. she is meeting with the dutch prime minister. the meeting is taking place and on to the main power broker of europe which is germany. she h

britain and france to step up joint patrols in the english channel by the number of illegal immigrants . over the past two weeks. thirty russian children held in a rocky prison with allegedly i saw. when they returned to russia. french newspaper apologizes. to. long.

militant group has in fact been defeated two of america's allies britain and france say i.a.s. isn't finished yet and the battle to clear them out should go on. if president gets his way the american troops currently in syria will start leaving the country as soon as possible. trump posted a video on twitter explaining his move i've been president for almost two years and we've really stepped it up and we have won against isis we've beaten them and we've beaten a badly we've taken back the land and now it's time for our troops to come back home i get very saddened when i have to write letters or call parents or wives or husbands of soldiers who have been killed fighting for our country it's a great honor we cherish them but it's heartbreaking there's no question about it it's heartbreaking now we've won it's time to come back they're getting ready you're going to see him soon these are great american heroes about two thousand american soldiers are currently stationed in syria officially as instructors and advisers to rebel forces i think kurdish troops with the sitting democrat

two thousand troops in syria would be a premature and costly mistake two of america's allies britain and france also say that is not finished yet and that the battle to clear the. should continue. for humanitarian groups have also criticized trump's decision to withdraw u.s. troops to talk about how it will affect war weary syrians i'm joined now by our no kimmel he is the syria director of the humanitarian organization mercy corps it's good to have you on the program i have to ask you how will president drums decision to pull those troops out of syria how will that affect your work in syria. so believe me and he. tell you. seven million people are. going to dispense. and. when they will. be. if it takes place safe. to progress the country. ok mr unfortunately our signal there seems to be problems with it we're having problems with the all the you know and. free apologize for that that was our commodity syria director of the humanitarian organization mercy corps. all right in other news police here in germany say that they have massively boosted security at stuttgart airport in the south of the

britain and france are to step up joint patrols in the english channel after a spike in the number of illegal immigrants trying to get into the u.k. over the past two weeks. those who russian children held in an iraqi prison with the allegedly isobel's parents are now back home we were there when they returned to russia. and a french newspaper apologizes after people compare its latest front cover to images from.

germany hopes to form a front with poland belgium france and britain to fight for the original idea of the united nations including respect for international agreements and treaties. crucial in the age of trump and poutine. you're missing the is a good mind we have to defend this concept with our friends and partners and with that we also have to deal with those who don't see things as germany does in. two thousand and nineteen should be a happy new year for the un that's germany's highest priority for its tenure on the security council. italian football club will play their next two home matches in a completely empty stadium after nothing a player. was subjected to racial abuse in milan earlier this week it was the latest in a series of incidents italian football with authorities struggling to eradicate the problem so in the absence of an effective official solution some fans are now taking it upon themselves to show racism the red card. do coulibaly has known italian football at its worst today napoli friends showed their players a brighter side with their support ahead of their thre

they were there because in 1917, the year of america joined the war britain, france, italy, and russia are in crisis. they are being pressed on all sides by the central powers, germany, austria, hungary, and they are undergoing a severe manpower crisis. for them, there seems to be no way to win this war. the french army is undergoing a severe manpower crisis. they have lost 3 million casualties since 1914. the french army is losing an average of 900 killed and 1200 wounded every day of this 1500-day war, so the french feel they have scraped the bottom of the demographic barrel. dismissed thehave marshall and replaced him with thruster who designs this great offensive, he is going to defeat the german army. the offensive founders immediately in may 1917, it generates something like 200,000 french casualties and as a result, the french army mutinys. they were known as the bearded ones because they lived in the trenches and did not shave. 49 of france's 139 combat divisions refused to go over the top. the attacking spirit of the french army is utterly broken in 1917, and never recovers. t

britain and france are to step up a joint patrols in the english channel after a spike in the number of illegal immigrants trying to get into the u.k. over the past two weeks. thirty russian children who had been in an iraqi prison with their allegedly isolated parents are now back home we were there when they returned to russia. and the world welcomes two thousand nine hundred with the clock having already struck midnight and over half the globe we show you some of the highlights of the festivities.

well as dividing up the region into three new entities and implementing the mandate system britain and france further split the territories they now control. the french divided syria into five states including greater lebanon. generals have. offered to be so severe possible for you know that as many of my mouth uk. foreign min. so if you were there it would be much for your. son our own you have now coming out of four. syria was divided into the streets of damascus aleppo the alawite state and mount druze. lebannon would become a republic six years later and. he didn't know that the. well at the crossing knew what i know that they are them physically for going out of friends and us and they would be different and you have. well there's that. the british colonial office organized the cairo conference one thousand nine hundred twenty one hosted by the new colonial secretary winston churchill it drew another important line within the british area of influence separating the land east of the river jordan from palestine. churchill came to this brief without any preexisting ideas on the future of t