a lot of this flexibility on the part of the british army might might surprise us. but if you look at the performance face of the british military in much of these these fights in the upper country, it's a surprising, highly effective force. and i don't want us to think necessarily that the you know, the outcome of the fight at vincennes in february of 1779 was predetermined that george rogers clark was destined to win. and this kind of hidebound, traditional british redcoats were destined to lose. indeed, the british infantry, not just in the upper country, but all throughout the revolutionary way fought in open order. they would frequently lie down whenargeted by enemy fe. they were famous for launching quick moving infantry assaults. we didn't hear unnecessarilyn the last presentation about how long it takes to load one of those rifled arms compared to a smooth war musket. well, the british are trying to get up on american positions quickly with those bayonets, not necessarily to kill americans with bayonets, but using the bayonet as a weapon of intimidation, tryi

so there's always a substantial portion of the british army that was stationed on. they called the irish establishment. that being said, what the british ordnance system dictated that they went to specialist manufacturers, acquired all the parts they needed to put together a standardized high quality military firearm. they gathered all of this stuff in, the area of the tower, london, and then they sent them out as gun kits to local gun builders who built a good quality firearm. it's a pretty smart system. you can see the british military system, the board of ordnance system kind of leads up to henry ford. you know what, the standardized version, the standard production that we see in the 19th century where parts are interchange, they were thinking about that as early as 24. it took them quite a while to get their. that leads us to musket number one who knows what a brown basses have you heard the term brown this is the affectionate term going back to the middle part of the 18th century that the british soldier ascribed to his musket. in fact i guess brown because it'

k. government sent in the british army amid the onset and see the construction of the 12 story euro per in belfast city center gradually emerged in 1970. the tool is building in the city at the time. i know that your regular was wellbeing walsh. then every pull to for the bell fast evening telegraph. he liked it became a b, b, c news editor. and ultimately the controller of bbc nova, non. well, i think that the impression was very mixed. the, there was a bit of water has this place during here, but then there were some element of hope actually is that, that such a hotel should be both the sectarian kennings call them some violent power into the tree activity spread across know the long island and built to a peak in 1971. the construction of the yoko was nearly complete when the 1st ball struck. the hotel you will postponed for the 1st time on the 3rd of july, 1971 actually a week or 2 weeks prior to the opening of the building. so even before the hotel, you little pause. i opened it to source to the public, and belfast ready the not target for the traditional high honors. nevertheless,

k. government sent in the british army amid the onset and see the construction of the 12 story euro per in belfast city center gradually emerged in 1970. the tool is building in the city at the time. i know that your regular was wellbeing, welsh, then every pull to for the bell. fast evening telegraph. he like to became a bbc news editor, and ultimately the controller of bbc and all that on. well, i think that the impression was very mixed. the, there was a bit of waters this plays during here. but then there was an element of hope actually is that, that such a hotel should be both the sectarian killings cobble is on file and power in the tree activity spread across and all the long island and built to a peak in 1971. the construction of the rope, it was nearly complete when the 1st ball struck the hotel, you know, postponed for the 1st time on the 3rd of july, 1971 actually a week or 2 weeks prior to the opening of the building. so even before the hotel, you little po was open to doors to the public in belfast, ready? the not target for this division, ohio is nevertheless, 5 days off t

but what — structures of the british army.maculate drill, immaculate pageantry, both the guards _ immaculate pageantry, both the guards on foot and the household cavalry, mounted of course, — household cavalry, mounted of course, and it's what people love, — course, and it's what people love, and _ course, and it's what people love, and there is a buzz around _ love, and there is a buzz around the place, we can see it now, _ around the place, we can see it now. as — around the place, we can see it now. as the _ around the place, we can see it now, as the first convoys of vips — now, as the first convoys of vips are _ now, as the first convoys of vips are making their way, the government already waiting for keir starmer, it's a big day, it always _ keir starmer, it's a big day, it always is the governments, the hard _ it always is the governments, the hard politics if you like, but can _ the hard politics if you like, but can come later in private, this— but can come later in private, this is— but can come later in private, thi

he is a longtime british army officer . he becomes an officer in 1745 and leads in 1769. 24 years in service of the british crown. in many respects that makes him an unlikely candidate to support of revolution across the ocean in america. and i think sometimes in considering why people revolt must sometimes reframe it as ideology or self-interest. i think what gates helps show is the intersection of ideology and self-interest in his case. you can see how they are mutually reinforcing and both play a role in his path toward revolution in the years leading up to the revolutionary war, the 1760s and 1770s. so, horatio gates was born in 1728, probably in deptford coming to greenwich which is now greater london. despite his later prominence we don't know a lot about his early life. he is born in 1728 in april. we know bits and pieces about his early life but overall there's not much known about the first 20 years or so of his life. but we do know indicates he comes from a modest family, from what we would call a middling backgrou

he's long time british army officer. he's he becomes an officer in 1745 at leeds and leaves in 1769. so 24 years in the service of the british. so in many respects that him a pretty unlikely candidate to sport a sporting revolution across ocean in america. and i think sometimes considering why people revolt sometimes we frame it as ideology or self-interest. and i think what gates helps show is that it's sort of the intersection of ideology, self-interest. in his case, you can see how they're sort of not mutually reinforcing. and both play a role in his path towards revolution in the years leading up to the revolutionary of the 1760s and 1770s. so horatio gates was born in 1728 and probably in debt for which is new york greenwich in what's now greater. despite his later prominence. we don't know a whole lot about his early life. he's born 1728. that's clear. in april, you know, bits and pieces about his early life. but there's not a whole lot known about the first 20 years or so of his life. but what we do know indicates

a british army bomb disposal units arrived and of course the cameras with that. a few minutes late to the bomb exploded. the last was felt across the city doing huge damage to the ground floor of the rope, shattering most of its windows, causing conic amongst the gentlest. while there weren't too many visitors during the trouble of stood nora's in the heart of all other than the hard shelves, news people who came here and the place actually survived that because of it says journalistic involvement. and the, the hotel i really took that by the scruff of the neck and made it almost uh, a news room. i remember was quite conspiratorial, because you didn't want other gymnast to hear your conversations. it was another age of journalism in which you will remember, but not for your successes but feel defeats. so you just everything possible to keep up with the go through the sunday times during the less chris ryder described, the hotel you to the crossroads of intrigue and in a sense it was. so the hotel you rope always actually a really important place to come to shade

that if there is no one with either the name or student and provided currently serving in the british army, we have had no approach from india and authorities about anyone in the army being involved in the incident. you reference in any way its its towns after terrorists. armed with grenades, i tucked the police side post in the print job region. local authorities suspect that a new case squad a help the color stun separatist group, oregon straight the assault indian media, however, claim the accused is no longer serving in the british rugs. as the ongoing investigation continues, further violence being seen as well with police killing 3 suspected separatists in a recent encounter. well, we spoke with a former director general of the indian armies, infantry dr. shashi, a stomach. he's of the view. london's denial of the evidence provided was not only expected and we had lots of present the reactions for the simple reason. because then i literally is one thing which we have been getting from british canada. and some of the rest of the country is when it comes to white list on, but i'm very

that if there is no one with either the name or student and provided currently serving in the british army. we have had no approach from india and authorities about anyone in the army being involved in the incident. you reference in any way. but it comes after terrace are and with coordinates. i talked to the police side post in the pudding job region. local authorities suspect that a u. k squad, a help the color stun separatists grouping orchestra, the assault indian meteor or somebody let's at least claim the accused is no longer serving in the british ranks. you ongoing investigation, a scene further at violence as it continues as well of police calling 3 suspected separatists in a recent deadline. carter. we spoke with former director general of the indian army infantry on this doctor shashi estimate. he is of the view london, this denial of the evidence provided is to be expected that we are not so present that except for the simple reason because to have it or it is one thing of which we have been eating from uh, british canada and some of the wisdom grantees when it comes to white l

it was the british army then moving in. understood. it was frightening, was it not?ightening, very dangerous, and very, very horrible — terrible. but what i'm trying to say is the innocence of 15—year—old, 16—year—old boys, they don't have the maturity or the understanding to realise what's going to happen, how terrible this is going to be, and how it will get thicker and deeper, and much more dangerous, and how it will... ..i mean, the communities were rent asunder for 30 years. they were. but, at 15, you don't recognise that. but i'm also thinking, goodness, late teens is the time in which many young men in northern ireland at that time were then pulled in to their hardline community activists who were going to persuade them tojoin the struggle. now, you were from the catholic side of belfast, and ijust wonder whether there was ever a moment during this onset of real sectarian violence, whether you ever came close to getting pulled into that? erm...| did, yeah. how? i was at university for a bit, in queen's, and there was all kinds of movements going on in queen's.

i mean, they had to they had to capture the british army. they either had to defeat the british navy, which the french failed to do, or capture the british army separated from his navy. and when cornwallis move south to virginia to the navy, wasn't there, and the word comes to to admiral degrasse, while so vader's with them. and as he says, you know, i there's this opportunity, but i can't go north. i, i can't leave my port here exposed the british and i don't have the money do it. and then this, you know, curious historian amos says, why didn't he have the money? why didn't you get a salary or something paying for soldiers? it out that spain's paying for the french presence in them in the caribbean and in paying for admiral grassley's and his soldiers in it's money that's paying for it it and the money had dried up and saavedra well, wait a minute. we have an opportunity that may in the war i actually predicted that if we can't pass this opportunity because he said while i can't do anything about it. and so vader says, well, i have an get yo

we set let's speak to hamish de bretton—gordon, a former british army officer and founder of the syriar making time to talk to us and i spoke to on friday, the rebels had taken hammer, aleppo, they were on the brink of taking hommes and here we are. sunday. they had taken the capital, damascus. give us your view on how they've been able to move through syria so quickly to achieve this.— through syria so quickly to achieve this. _, ., ., ., ., achieve this. good afternoon. this is a great _ achieve this. good afternoon. this is a great day. _ achieve this. good afternoon. | this is a great day. tomorrow, is really on the hard work begins. but the fact that they managed to retake syria so quickly and with relatively few casualties i think it's down to two key things. first of all, hts, the rebels who will lead this fight, this army, which includes a lot of the old syrian army, a variable to be professional, well equipped and well disciplined. that is why they've been able to overcome they've been able to overcome the syrian army that has lost all its capabilities over the last four years

however, the british experience, the strength of the malay resistance to the full extent, the british army losses in malaya were the largest since the end of world war 2. in 1957, the british empire was forced to recognize malay and independence. the resilience of them a late people put an end to the history of british colonialism in southeast asia. the, when the rebels announced an interest in negotiations, the official allow me launched active hostilities. and the library and air force began to bomb revel supply basis. on the morning of november, the 6th, 2004 to ivoly and air force su 25 planes, foamed french contingent positions and blocking the 1000000 french service men and an american civilian specialist. died in the right. despite the assurances from the government and personally from president, little incompatible about the tragic mistake and not being involved in the strike. over the following days, old i've already and military aviation was completely destroyed on the ground and india with human casualties. just say that the process so, but it takes a good a the most like what i

to the 1st of september where monty, who had been commander in chief of two american armies in normandy and the british and canadian army, was in a sense demoted. he was this prize. he a field marshal like rommel, his opponent. but his two american armies sort of, as he saw it, taken away his command and given general bradley and so in the aftermath of that, in december of that year, 1944, he later took great pride, the fact that he had been the first probably the first general in military history who had taken he'd been asked to take command of two american armies the field of battle and facing possible defeat. i'm sure he said that in a way that that a little bit too right. yeah we talk about his arrogance but but the truth is that what happened and that's what we i think we're going to explore how that happened and and how he did take over command of those two american armies on the northern of the german breakthrough in nevada and rome yeah so what we're referring to you know eisenhower going to make several decisions and then we'll talk about the leadership, how monty views it. but, you know, firs

the british army losses in low, le, we're the largest since the end of world war 2. in 1957, the british empire was forced to recognize malay and independence. the resilience of them a late people put an end to the history of british colonialism in southeast asia. oh, what else? so they just don't oh yes. to save house after and engagement because the trail when so many find themselves will support. we choose to look so common ground the see that those let us know the right how can it be that um the ship to the middle east from a country whose top officials constantly complain about shortages of munitions and military equipments through a little bit of boss and located in the new system and located along the nominal facility or some of those other slash we, i'm about to the easiest to, to not know. so what are we and we'll have an easy somebody remember bubble sold? well, nice to hear what kind of who does that have gone on now? why are weapons from ukraine spreading over the world? to turn this country into a major arms hub, will continue to bolster ukraine's and for

i also have done his phone on or did some training with the british army. not lot about that. i did nor news isn't very sorry to say i'm not investment because i couldn't and more in my own countries and i can as a ukrainian so just put it that way. and so going back to you, take that as a soldier, you're here before and there's a chance you can talk. it's part of the job. however, to lose 20 is if you're locked into prison for something you saw under contract to sign to. so somebody to tell me your, your, your, you're not valid, your contracts not valid in this country is appropriate for me to sign the contract if i did not in the established because the already every dial display is petrified. so you know what i want to do, i want to see more more for, you know, want to lift, you know, in respect to where i am the price on that now. yeah. on the farm or get stressed. bread and water and, you know, they, they told me if i'm and i am showing them to you in our country to, to archive the in the neighboring. so another bridge most and we aden us then was awaiting the cooling som

the british army losses in the lake where the largest since the end of world war 2 . in 1957, the british empire was forced to recognize malay in independence. the resilience of them a late people put an end to the history of british colonialism in southeast asia. let us go to the products clustered in louis. this is on their thoughts and they call the fireside because originally they were actually listed for people and i predicted this to be used against their children. correct. and this needs to be said new to jump to ideas, not mine, that the gladly was. it was a store you yours and the degree detail was the key on the is by it's the plane instead of a, which is not the bill and there's multiple players like playing over the face recently, the guess what was going to see to use for printers piece by the funny notice to on to get it for the person. the problem. the l. look forward to talking to you all that technology should work for people. a robot must obey the orders given by human beings accept. we're such orders at conflict with the 1st law show alignment as a p

the british army losses in malaya were the largest since the end of world war 2. in 1957, the british empire was forced to recognize malay and independence. the resilience of them a late people put an end to the history of british colonialism in southeast asia. the, the, the defense. this is the idea for this to a serious navy with the time, from the full. so given an attack yet, and since it's a necessary step towards the discrepancy of security buffers, the contribution board found part of the story i most of i instructed the idea of together with the prime minister to establish a steroids known weaponry defense. so against terrorist threats in southern syria, we are continuing to see is there any movements from baldwin into serial territory? this needs to store hills devolved in a medium and the idea of strikes on a st. jude is a brute international. those highly.

obviously if cash perfectly back to the enemy from a mine like a bunch of wins, shrapnel, british army magic sergeant to mcdonald takes care of the final preparations. how do you feel when you wave them off? i mean, they're going to warn a how do you want side? yeah, i'm going to a nice safe one bed. i can go out for a weekend that they call the the, this is, they will, this is the country, the, the, and they, there was no risk flight from it. so if we can do anything to help them make their lives a bit easier or best. so a bit safer just for us to this program is funded until the end of 2025. after that, nobody knows we're in such a time both in the world and in ukraine that it's very difficult to align, but it's out of date in any event. so we're focusing more on the present. so, and for those here, that means focusing on their target and learning how when to pull the trigger. let's take a look now at some of the other stories making headlines today. the philippines says a chinese coast guard ship hit, one of its patrol boats and disputed horses of the south china sea, released the v

that was primarily the british army, but also the soviet army. the red army in world war ii. so receipt that number. 40% of u.s. tanks serve outside the united states army. and i include a small chapter at the back on u.s. tank specifically. when we think of tanks in world war ii, we don't think of tanks in the pacific. we think of them in europe, in the early campaigns in italy, the landing at d-day, especially the battle of the bulge and in germany, we don't think of them as being in the pacific. yet, the u.s. army deployed a third of its tank balances in the pacific theater. and and it has some relevance today when a lot of the national defense focus is on the pacific theater. >> the second volume which will be coming out in the middle of next month covers a wider period of time. but it doesn't have that big central as in the first volume with world war ii. there's a number of wars that have some effect. korea is by far the most important. the korean war was especially important, because even though the army still had a lot of tanks left over from world war ii, the tank fo

however, the british experience the strength of the malay resistance to the full extent, the british army losses in the way over the largest since the end of world war 2. in 1957, the british empire was forced to recognize malay and independence. the resilience of demo late people put an end to the history of british colonialism in southeast asia. the, the, the disagree it must separate. i've l o c on you. so we'll just set good. now move, move, not meeting with low feet, let the student go to, but you and you go, we've been, i have a role and they have less jessica money. she have to go get the sick that i purchased the logistic of the points to the city. because the sky you are not so why you buy it. so that's good, i guess, to, to start to go by the end of the chapter 30 new, do i need to use the watch them see if that of the see if could have washer was that didn't cost you a bias of we is that what but we did give you thought you voice and you get us the guy, you know the as it is sorting it is sort of yeah, the below does have see a media skate about the bosnia and herzegovina as bo

tony case of a safe cash perfectly back to the enemy from a mine like a bunch of wins, shrapnel, british army magic sergeant to mcdonald takes care of the final preparations. how do you feel when you wave them off? i mean, they're going to war. how can you watch that? yeah, i'm going to and i safe one bed. i can go out for a weekend that they call the the, this is, they will, this is the country the day and they, there was no response on it. so if we can do anything to help them make their lives a bit easier or big betsel or bit safer just for us to this program is funded until the end of 2025. after that, nobody knows. we're in such a time, both in the world and, and ukraine, that it's very difficult to land when it's out of date and any events. so we're focusing more on the present it. so and for those here, that means focusing on their target and learning how when to pull the trigger and hear some more news from around the world and brief the new chief of the un, too many, terry and agency has one size quote of the world is on file of appealing for more a funding. tom fletcher who took the

obviously if cash perfectly back to the enemy from a mine like a bunch of wins, shrapnel, british army magic sergeant to mcdonald takes care of the final preparations. how do you feel when you wave them off? i mean, they're going to war. how can you watch that? yeah, i'm going to an i safe one bed. i can go out for a weekend that they call the the, this is, they will, this is the country the, the and they, there was no rest platform it. so if we can do anything to help them make their lives bit easier or best, so a bit safer. just for us to this program is funded until the end of 2025. after that, nobody knows. we're in such a time, both in the world and in ukraine, that it's very difficult to land when it's out of date in any event. so we're focusing more on the presenter to and for those here that means focusing on their target and learning how when to pull the trigger or does or when he now and with his governments on borrowed time, chancellor or left shots returned to parliament earlier. the phase questions in his opening remarks, he reiterated germany support for the defense of uk

forgotten but about 40% of the tanks built and served in foreign armies, that was primarily the british army but also the soviet army, the red army in world war two. once again, i will repeat that number, 42% of the tanks served outside of the u.s. army. >> i included a small chapter, when we think of tanks in world war two, we really don't think of tanks here, we specifically think of them in europe, in the early campaigns, the landings at d-day especially the battle and the final campaign in germany. we don't think of those being here, in the pacific the u.s. army deployed tanks. the marines of course had all six of their separate tanks. so i included that it has some contemporary relevance today when of course a lot of the national defense focuses are on the asian-pacific. the second volume which will be coming out in the middle of next month covers a wider period of time but it doesn't have that big central defining element as in the first line with world war two, there are wars and there that have some effect, korea is by far the most important. the korean war was especially important b

former british army colonel, hamish de bretton—gordon, joined me earlier in the studio to discuss thesides of this conflict. i was last there in 2020, four years ago. and the the rebel soldiers i saw then the hts and the free syrian army were a bit rag tag and bobtail. not these guys that we're seeing at the moment. they look really professional soldiers to me. they're well dressed, they're well armed. they're operating like professional soldiers. and i think in that last four years, they've obviously been trained and getting kit and being supported by somebody. but conversely, you look at the syrian army, they've just collapsed. they've disappeared. which again, i think is a shock. i think they've been resting on their laurels. and of course, their big backer, russia, seems to have flown the nest as well. yeah, and if homs does fall to hts and yeah, i use the word fall advisedly because in some cases it's just opening up to them because of the, the troops, the the government troops fleeing. what is the strategic significance of that city? well, we're now halfway down syria in this re

i may for me british army officer, and for me the mission is not getting the latest into the hands of operas as quick as possible. it's no more complicated than this. what we try to do is put into cells in cynical very close to various parts of the u.s. navy, u.s. marine corps, navy seals, et cetera and will start to codevelop and work with that community and try to accelerate pace with technology. it's a cultural thing. this is a people business. business trying to build trust between the different entities. we don't see it as a sop special sourcing. this is our contribution. it's a community effort across national security and defense to try to build the level needed. it's really time to get as close in this case to the operator as possible and bring in amazing minds that are in california, not necessarily with traditionally worked in the defense sector but we have brought and doing things perhaps which has never been seen before. >> mike, i want to turn to bear i was doing amazing work -- hanwha is doing amazing work around the world. working ships and aircraft and it seems like it

it started in 1946 because they wanted to thank us for the help that the british army gave to norwayl yuri colins, but nonetheless we tried. failure and nonetheless we tried. they send this every year. there's criticism of it because it's kind of spindly, looks like a discount christmas tree if you want to say that. but it's a nice gift from the norwegians. i shouldn't make fun of it. the christmas tree on fox square outside of here is the best christmas tree in new york city. lauren: with the proper decoration, you can make even the ugliest of christmas trees look nice. stuart: what do the britts know about decorating a christmas tree for heaven's sake. this is from rachel. if you could live anywhere in the world, where would that be? lauren: italy, hands down. but right now i'd pick bali. kill to be on a beach relaxing. stuart: bali? lauren: yeah, i couldn't live there, be board. stuart: i was there in 1972 before any of the big hotels and i lived on cuda beach. lauren: on the beach? stuart: absolutely. lauren: were you tan? stuart: i was. dark. lauren: did you surf? stuart: i don'

it convinced her that the british army was an all-powerful force. it had an impact on terrorism. the ira in ireland were watching this, too. everybody was watching this. and i had an impact. it had a deterrent effect on ira hostage-taking. it didn't end the troubles in any way, but it was a moment for what thatcher was going to be like. >> may we have the next slide, please. >> to put this into context the year before, in 1979, the shah of iran, the west's favorite oil-rich dictator was overthrown by the islamic fundamentalist government of the ayatollah. bitterly opposed to the west and one of the first events that many of you will remember was the taking over of the -- i'm pressing the wrong one here -- thstudent militants who over the american embassy in tehran. they weren't students but they were actually militia. the standoff would last a long time. there were 55 hostages, american diplomats and soldiers held inside that building. and six days before the attack on the iranian embassy in london, american special forces had attempted to free the hostages in iran, the ill-fated

about that, partly because i think this experience with the elite unit had convinced her that the british army was somehow an all-powerful force, it also had an impact on terrorism generally because this was the height of the troubles in northern ireland and everybody was watching this and it had an impact. it had a deterrent effect on i.r.a. hostage taking, it didn't end there troubles in any way but it was a signal moment or for watch thatcher was going to be like. >> the next slide, so, to put this into context, the year before in 1979, the west's favorite oil-rich dictator was overthrown by the islamic fundamentalist government, revolutionary movement. it was bitterly opposed to the west and one of the first events which i'm sure many of you will remember was the taking over of -- i'm pressing the wrong one here. the students that took over the emssy in tehran, they weren't actually students, they were militia and properly organized by the iranian government, that led to a standoff that would last a long time, the hostages, 55 of them, american diplomats and soldiers held inside that build