george w bush and the invasion of iraq. so the book was published to coincide with the anniversary of the war. but you've been working on this book a quite a while. you seemed reluctant, as you stated in your preface, to take on this project to begin with. why? well, i was reluctant for two reasons. first, i was trying to finish up work that i was doing on the evolution of the cold war topic of which i've written a great deal about. and secondly, and most importantly, i was reluctant to take it on because it was really contemporary history and the availability of primary source documents would be very limited. i'm a historian who has spent his career in the archives with hundreds and hundreds of archival boxes of documents. and i knew for certain that i would never have access to such documents. in writing this type of a book. and so i was very reluctant to undertake it until i met a former member of the bush administration who talked to me about the possible kitty of setting up interviews. and i can discuss that further, i

bush project, the george w. bush project and barack obama project. in addition to having pulled together and completed the edward kennedy oral history project and helping launch the hillary clinton oral history project. we don't just do presidents. we do other senior officials. and with that, it's a great opportunity to introduce our special guest, who's joining us by zoom today, robert gates. as you all know, robert gates served as u.s. secretary of defense from december 2006 in the bush 43 administration. and he continued his service through july 2011 into the obama administration. he's been awarded the national security medal, the presidential citizen's, and has twice received the national distinguished service medal. secretary gates also completed three miller center oral history interviews. and for that, we are so grateful the one person who is not here today is other coeditor of this book. this book is co-edited by barbara perry russell riley and mike nelson. mike is a professor at college in tennessee. he had planned to be with us today, but a

bush, as expected. - bush wins south carolina.mont, up in the green mountain state, they're for al gore. - a big call to make. cnn announces that we call florida in the al gore column. - about roughly 8:45, we and all the other networks call florida for gore. i remember saying, "how is bush possibly gonna," you know-- "what's the path he could possibly take?" because he's lost michigan, he's gonna lose pennsylvania. if anybody wins all three, it's over. - you can bet that governor bush will be madder than a rained-on rooster that his brother, the governor, wasn't able to carry the state for him. - mr. bush says he is not yet ready to concede florida. so that only complicates the evening just a little bit. - the networks called this thing awfully early, but the people who are actually counting the votes are coming up with a little different perspective. - george bush was a very confident man. i don't think bush ever doubted that he would manage somehow to get elected. - some new returns came in, and suddenly the gore lead that was

these segments and speeches by barbara bush, hillary clinton, laura bush and michelle obama which is had a powerful impact. a panel of experts will analyze this discussion. we can go to the next slide missus bush's humor and attitude are clearly shown in the she made june 1, 1990. she had not been the first choiced and it caused controvery on campus. [laughter] [cheering] number "the color purple", instead you got me. known for the color of my hair. [laughter] i hope many of you will consider making special choices, larger than yourself. to get involved of the big ideas of our time, i honestly believe more people could read, write and comprehend we be that much closer to solving the problems in our nation and society. i made another choice which i hope you will make as well whether talking about education, career or service you're talking ndabout life and life doesn't he joy. it's supposed to be fun. one of the reasons i made the most important decision in my life to marry george bush, it made me laugh. sometimes we left through tears but has been one of our strongest. find the joy i

bush. mrs. purchase humor and attitude toward what is important in life are clearly shown in a speech. she made at wellesley college on june 1st 1990. she had not been the first choice and her selection caused controversy on the campus. let's see and hear some of her speech. and diana now, i know your first choice today was alice walker. guess how i know. known for the color purple instead. you got me known for the color of my hair and as you said off from wellesley, i hope that many of you will consider. making three very special choices the first is to believe in something larger than yourself to get involved in some of the big ideas of our time i chose literacy because i honestly believe that if more people could read write and comprehend we would be that much closer to solving so many of the problems that plague our nation and our society. early on i made another choice, which i hope you'll make as well whether you're talking about education career or service. you're talking about life and l

bush, that is barbara bush, for the biography that i wrote of her.and i asked her if she ever considered not going to wellesley because of the controversy? she said, no, absolutely not. it never went from my mind. i was a little nervous, but no, never. and by the way, the same speech was also given at the university of pennsylvania during their commencement. there really wasn't that level of interest at that point. that was first. second, i had a teaching colleague who was in the audience in beijing when hillary clinton gave the speech. she said, and you might remember this, that the location of the speech was moved the day of the speech so that the news media couldn't cover it. and she recalled seeing the media being shunned away from even this secondary location. my third point is, because of my work on betty ford, betty ford also ended up saying some things that her husband could have never said. i think she's a good example also. i've enjoyed all of your comments. i think they are spot on and i would welcome certainly a panel on the first lady an

bush and first lady barbara bush thread for louis bush. louis picone, historian and board trustee for the grover cleveland birthplace memorial association and author of grants to, the ethic of epic death of ulysses s. grant in the making of an american pantheon peer and nicola longford, executive director of the sixth floor museum at dealey plaza nicola, thank you for welcoming so many of ourrf guests the other day to your wonderful museum peerk please welcome us and our panel as we continue the mortgage program. [applause] thank you so much stes stuart mentioned he and i've had the chance to work. in the past both at the red cross and stuart was just an absolutely remarkable head of the reagan centennial in 2011. he has saved me from one disaster another weather at the right. for at the reagan library wonderful to be with you all this morning. i you know, i had a little trepidation when stuart told me that what he wanted me to discuss with our panels is death and destruction and tragedy and and i thought okay this this will be quite a cha

after his bush died. he was sad and obviously. and we came up with the idea his his his medical aid arranged for him to have a service dog named sully who became quite famous and evan took this was taken the funeral home in houston. the day after president bush died and evan just took sully to the funeral home with him to go check on everything and he found sully lane in front of the casket can't make it up and he took a picture and he came to the office and he said do you think we should send this out and i on, you know, release it to the media and i said, yes, i do. it will touch the nation's heart. and so i have a silly story. this is how famous sully was. but and by this gives me an opera. i was telling the story. i have two members of my funeral here. it's so exciting, maryland baker and lindsay reynolds were both great members of my funeral team. i was telling them we took sully with us to wash in dc on air force one because his next assignment was walter reed hospital. and we wasn't we we a problem

i had less access than megan or certainly steve had with president bush. particularly with president bush the over whelming impression i had was how different he was from the cartoon character than my academic friends back at duke held their version of him was not smart, not thoughtful, nor not will read inarticulate and reflective. making impetuous decisions. in that that i saw. i saw someone who was deeply committed to the integrity of the office of the president. the notion that he was a custodian of something greater than himself. that he was temporarily a student of but had to hand onto the next person. and had to make sure he left the next person better off than he had been. that was the job of the president to leave the next person better off if he could. i'm not saying he did not make mistakes. of course he made mistakes. but there was a commitment to something that was greater than just his own legacy, his own standing, the way people thought of him. that was inspiring. he was also so much smarter than people give him credit for. i will never forg

of president bush's funeral pair many of you will remember that president bush andnd bob dole we big political rivals but they had a very nasty 1988 republican primary contest, and both said some things that they probably wish they had not said they beme huge friends here and when senator dole, thi is when president bush was lying in state in the rotunda, and insisted on standing and saluting the casket he's in a wheelchair now, and i had an opportunity to ask him why he did this. why he insisted on standing, and i can'tg tell you the answer without crying. he said i had to stand and salute that great man peter this is one of the big pictures of the funeral that went viral. everyone, such a wonderful moment, you know. >> lewis, why select spectacle parts i mean, everyone passes at some time or another, but why pop and the circumstance? what's the history behind it? >> that the good question because it's something that is built up over time and jean is hinting that all of these plans going into six days of a funeral, going back to the beginning with george washington, with the very fi

yeah george w bush. both of them did a lot of preparatory work and biden's case obviously to get to 206 people in in the white house. it was a lot of personnel work than a decision to focus on presidential appointees who did not require senate confirmation. he also worked on a developing information and strategies on issues that may came up. such as the date went under a heading of unconventional challenges what an unconventional challenges. could they possibly face and then assigning people to work on those challenges flesh them out and then develop mitigating strategies. so the preparatory work early is not just mandated by the government. it's also good practice by the candidates. that's tremendously helpful. i mean my read on your really interesting paper martha, is that the candidates and the government have put so much more? resources and attention into transitions in this 21st century and yet the transitions have for the most part been less smooth. which i think is a paradox that is worth explorin

bush were being buried.fter president reagan he decided he did not want to have a writer list horse that is too dramatic. after presidenthe ford he wanted all the same music. two favorite phone calls was brent and henry kissinger after president ford. they inform me no one who is 80 or older should be honorary pallbearers because they were exhausted, they were old and they were hungry. so i told president bush on their pallbearers of the captains of the uss george h.w. bush we kicked at all the old people. my other favorite was the 43rd president denies a zoo called me immediately after john mccain's funeral.er jean, everyone at that funeral talk too long except for me. [laughter] at dad's funeral moment talks more than 10 minutes, 10 minutes. got it? i said yes, sir. but president bush is it time to talk but the trains? >> will get to that biker to say that for later? >> will say that for later. he enjoyed talk about the funeral. one quick story this is a little bizarre. even the national media has to get r

and at the time bush petitioned to get his award reinstated but to no avail. bush now claims that the ncaa has defamed him recently and was never involved in a pay for play operation. in a separate petition, he's also asking for a reconsideration of their decision based on what bush's attorney, ben crump, calls a flawed and sloppy investigation. the ncaa has dekleined to comment on the lawsuit and also the petition. joining me now is civil rights attorney and attorney for reggie bush, ben crump. so nice to see you, attorney crump. this is something that so many people remember happening at the time, and it's really lived in infamy for a variety of reasons, particularly given the conversations about ncaa athletes. what makes you believe that they might be amenable now to returning it or to even being successful in a defamation suit? >> well, laura coates, it's going to be with you. my co-counsel attorney and i filed this defamation lawsuit because after the supreme court ruled that the ncaa could not continue this plantation mentality where they had college stu

bush. later i wanted to see the bush library and then obama became president.to the bush library to research this so-called surprise. the idea that she had cut a deal after the election the bush library and got the information are used anyways but it was the ranking library. the reagan library didn't have much information but they convinced nancy reagan for the 19th election. it was defeated supposedly by the time it took place. it was a vast collection and they had a complementary piece. jamie went with me and she often did and we came together. there is a medical doctor and they had done research. i don't remember the rest of her name but she saw all the helpers and she teased me the rest of the time. it was good research, they didn't try to add anything. the true squad of the election was available and in used to slay as a professional historian they were surprised this did take place there were still some things they would like to know about. >> let's talk about the themes of the book. the most important one is the relationship and how it changed over the y

the bush library i went several times. george each w bush library. the first time they let me see the stuff but a lot of it was closed because george w bush was governor and then later mostly i wanted to see the bush library when obama became president and there were political reasons for that but that was as i was wrapping up to research the so-called october surprise. the idea that the reagan camp had cut video a deal with the ayatollah to hold hostages until after the election and i was told in no uncertain terms i would do nothing about that in the bush library . but i found a lot of information anyway. but that's the lincoln library. and the reagan library when it first opened it didn't have much information but for some reason someone convinced nancy reagan to open the papers on the 1980 election, the election where carter was defeated by reagan. and supposedly when the october surprise toplace . i thought that nancy reagan saw those newspapers, somebody folder because it was a vast collection and not a very complimentary volume so there was a

>>> former usc football superstar reggie bush is taking on the ncaa. ncaa of defamation in a lawsuit that was filed on wednesday. look, he wants his 2 # 05 heisman trophy back. in 2010 he voluntarily gave up the coveted award after an ncaa investigation found that he received benefits of several thousand dollars and a vehicle that were not allowed at time and he was ruled ineligible. the supreme court ruled in 2021 college athletes to receive education-related payments for use of their name, image, likeness and bush petitioned to get his award reinstated to no avail. he claims the ncaa defamed him and was never involved if a pay-for-play operation n a petition, he is asking for a reconsideration of their decision based on what bush's attorney, ben crump, calls a flawed and sloppy investigation. the ncaa has declined to comment on the lawsuit and also the petition. joining me now is civil rights attorney and attorney for reggie bush, ben crump. so nice to see you, attorney crump. this is something that so many people remember happening at the time and i

now hinders bushes trees.ct , the ukrainian contour of the offensive is hindering, and the most magnificent line of defense is the strong motivation of the russian military. reading british further, due to the warm and humid summer, weeds actively grow, and such vegetation becomes a shelter that helps to mask russian defensive positions and makes it difficult to clear minefields, of course, it is easier for the growing undergrowth to hide mines and other decoupling stretches to set up ambushes. and this is generally an obvious fact for the military, but apparently not for the british military. the british they seem to be so carried away by the war in africa in the middle east yes, where, apart from the policy of tumbleweed nothing else grows, so when they see, even light vegetation. she drives them, probably, into a kind of stupor. our principle is to run into mines, dodge and go around. with such a scale of minefields , it is impossible to follow this principle. it is the germans who are complaining to the he

the bush library, i went several times, george h.w. bush library. the first time they wouldn't -- they let me see a bit of stuff, but a lot of the stuff was closed because george w. bush was governor and then later most of the stuff i wanted to see the bush library did not open until obama became president and i'm sure there were political reasons, there were political reasons for that. the last time i went to the bush library was as i was wrapping up, to research the so-called october surprise, the idea that the reagan camp had cut a deal with the ayatollah to hold the hostages until after the election and i was told in no uncertain terms i would find nothing about that in the bush library. they kept me under surveillance the whole time i was there and i found a lot of information i could use anyway. the last one i'll mention is the reagan library, when it first opened, it didn't have much information about carter, but for some reason that i know not what, someone convinced nancy reagan to open the papers on the 1980 election, the election when car

tonight the focus is george bush. well, it was january 29th, 2002, that president bush delivered his state of the union address. it was less than five months after the 911 terrorist attacks. bush spoke of an of evil, and he also about the state of our union. here's president bush 2002. mr.. the president, the united states. members of congress, i have the high privilege and the distinct honor and presenting to you the president of the united states. thank you very much, mr. speaker. vice president cheney, members of congress, distinguished guests, fellow citizens as we gather tonight, our nation is at war. our economy is in recession. and the civilized world faces unprecedented dangers. yet state of our union has been stronger. we last met in an hour. shock and suffering. in four short months. our nation has comforted the victims, begun to rebuild new york and the pentagon rallied a great coalition captured, arrested it and rid the world of thousands. terrorists destroyed afghanistan's terrorist training camps, saved

bush's role in that. do do you mind sharing some of the points that you said kind of validated the october surprise as something that actually i don't mind sharing it and thank you for that question because that's that's one of the major things researched and researched and put in the book is still controversial and controversy generates discussion and question what happened to our kids. i say if i can sum it up quickly, the iranians still hold 52 american hostages, and carter was trying desperately to get them out without losing military force. don't. he said he would do it if he had. and nothing seemed and nothing seemed to be working. they were afraid that the democrats would pull it out to. the surprise by getting the hostages right before the election, which would mean that carter would have been reelected and statistically, carter in the polls, carter and reagan were neck and neck carter occasionally a little a little bit ahead. and this one of the things i learned about in great detail in the reaga

the same deal in bush. they have to go, maybe the many tell use that they're going to really depend on 0 need to do it. that's kind of go quickly. so fun, your doctor visits a something. in fact, these will be used for, you know, say email using video to show us know if they own those who jim cole not to speech people about on nickel for sort of g o. so not they provide me with the machine showing that it's not clearly chuck, one of the products purchased not to be called to me of origin. some of the could, i mean really quite the names up of names. let me, let me go to a budget. hello, security system of the you boss me, you had, it's a government, as long as they're there mostly has to bring us to fill it out for the single. most of the companies that see it. when most of the months came lima, the only supports really the a, c and mutual presence. i guess what he's lensky must be musky then teeth. it is the co differential specific color between a certain bit in the last year to get the pill. this was a m

bush george w bush administration, and then, of course, returned to serve as deputy secretary in the trum bush george w bush administration, and then, of course, returned to serve as deputy secretary in the trump administration. now back to the theme of the book you report to me. how would you describe the relationship between a president and his cabinet secretaries? well, i think it really is a relation ship that is largely dependent on the views of the relationship. the president actually wants to have. i mean, if you look at constitution, you know, there is there's not a lot of direction on the job description of of the relationship between the secretary and the president. you know, the president points you you have to be confirmed by the united states senate. and then the constitution basically says the president can ask you for a written report. right. right. and it and ultimately the response abilities associated with that job are laid out in law. but you have to have a relationship with the president and what he wants. and, for example, when i sit down with the president to ta

bush and ms. crockett for taking the initiative in organizing us today to have this excellent hearing so the voices are heard from around america of what is actually taking place in states that have gone down this dark authoritarian road of controlling lives and women to not do anything to help the lives of women not doing anything to help women's families but to restrict their freedom. that is a road those states will come to regret we are going to continue to fight until we restore freedom for everyone in america thank you ms. bush i yield back to you. x thank you. our roundtable on medication abortion number one is done. [laughter] [background noises] [background noises] >> tonight, combating human trafficking, how does order and supporting those is how to support those impacted by it. hosted by the u.s. chamber of commerce, budget 9:00 p.m. eastern on c-span, c-span now, our free mobile video app, or online at c-span.org. >> healthy democracy does not look like this, it looks like this. americ

now hinders bushes, trees.h the ukrainian offensive contour, and the most magnificent line of defense, the strong motivation of the russian military, we read the british summary. further due to the warm and humid summer. they are actively growing. horizontal bars and such the vegetation becomes a cover that helps camouflage the russian defensive positions and makes clearing the minefields more difficult, of course, the growing undergrowth makes it easier to hide mines and other decoupling trips to set up ambushes. and this is generally an obvious fact for the military, but not for the british military, apparently, the british. they, uh, so much, as if they were carried away by the war in africa in the middle east . yes, where nothing else grows except tumbleweed, so when they see even light vegetation. she drives them well, probably some kind of stupor our principle is to run into mines and dodge and get around . with such a scale of minefields , it is impossible to follow this principle. it’s the germans who c

yes, this stuff will come out because i see a bush that's good. i'm lucky man. we dentist is a gelato. luckily, bleach cube point, my adult swim. yvonne back, i'll say most of the steps are going to add photos bodies. new basel don't become will be slow. i'm a sort of, you know, pretty of here to june 30th. that's what federal swing from she, i'm a certainly like said about about a sucking period. did you tell them eval on something in the that you know is the most say no you lead you will. yeah. fully enclose the now as this will be a deep post on the pro series for him. uh that was it installed on it and that's on the full screen. yeah. add up cc them either. now as to discuss this k against here for you forces the police can most of them uh the stand safe for some of the other parts of the dollars this deal just say that was a little bit the place above a reservation on the negative number that you can plug in those image stuff. he's glad you're on the phone. this of all, those go against you have it, you know, move this, say brother, he's a move on in the 40

bush. very fortunate timing to two presidents and support the family, the administration, that was a world event that occurred there but gain is insights of two different ways of leading our nation. let us talk a little bit about the history of camp david. they history begins with franklin roosevelt. tell us why did fdr select the site? what did he like to do when he visited, it was not called camp david at that point in time but all you talk about that. >> very good, very good grade thank you. let's go back to 1942 roosevelt love going out because of the three presidential yachts during his time the photo on the right is it oakland, california today he loves going out on the potomac to secure his hobbies, his interest or talk to world leaders. but 41, 42 with the eastern coast of the united states. and said sir we cannot got on the yacht anymore. we'll find a place you can go to get away from the white house. of course this is before the helicopter squadron existed with got to find somepla

justice kavanaugh would have said it looks something more like bush versus gore. i don't know if there are five votes for that. if the litigation continues, i don't know whether there would be agreement or consensus about that that's what he said just is that we look to that opinion in 2000 as a roadmap going forward preferred getting out -- for figuring out which way state courts go. host: republican line, good morning. caller: you talk about irrigating, democrats did that. they did everything they could to manipulate the last election and make sure biden one. you know it and i know it. they talked about what was going on in georgia and they recounted the votes. they recounted the same phony votes three times instead of finding out if there was any phony ones. host: we are focusing on the moore v harper decision and they also took up a case regarding the election map in alabama. what was the outcome of that? guest: in allen versus milligan, there is a question about the voting rights act and whether or not alabama had an appropriate congressional map. you think a

that's when there wasn't this bush cat. yegor he is 12 years old gregory he is six.oungest is jaromir he is 3 years older well. here he likes to disassemble the technique. bye. perhaps when he grows up he will learn to collect. average he must have been raving about helicopters for about two years. i will be a helicopter pilot. i will be a helicopter. well, here we have another story. so the tick caught is not the best, as we are very far from the center. i had to take him by helicopter. well everything, now now to dreams. there is also an older daughter. she is now studying, she will be 18 in august. she went to be an agronomist. and not just because we want to set up gardens here. that is, so that we can be very beautiful here. return now from the village, because it’s for us that we’ve even spent the extra bushes, we’ll remove the extra bushes to make it more interesting, but of course, tourism plans to put up guest houses, for example, and it will start to live in the village again. dots, what kind of hole is this? it's such a mess of the world. i 'm sorry, i nee

bush is also asking for his heisman trophy back. pay for play. >> the violations that they found, which we're based on shoddy evidence of sloppy investigation. terrible work by the ncaa. i got james walking back in here. seeing my jersey my banner right down there next to the rest of the heisman trophy but i can rightfully do that. >> without my heisman trophy. >> just 2 years ago, the nc double a's athletes were given the right to make money profit off their name image and likeness. it was a cataclysmic shift for the ncaa. and we have reached out to the ncaa for a response to the lawsuit but have so far not heard back. >> new details tonight surrounding the latest contract offer made to the writers guild of america. the alliance of motion picture and television producers offered gains in minimum pay a commitment to 10 weeks of employment for tv writers and increased foreign residual pay for streaming platforms. the studios also propose smaller tv writers rooms and transparency in viewership data wga leaders met with major ceos, inc

but there's a lot of them that we could, you know, when bush was president. bush 43, he used to every year send up a list of 20, 30 programs that should be just. mm hmm. but there was always someone in congress that wanted to keep that program alive. i remember in a social security, we had an office in. i can't remember south dakota or north dakota, and had one person in it. a person. and so we wanted to the office. it was impossible, you know, you know, and that's, you know just a little thing. but that's the kind of thing that unfortunately goes in washington, d.c. and was a while ago today it's even worse as far as i can tell. it's pretty clear, having read the book that you're not real optimistic about how we managed the government, how we operate the government, the waste the abuse in. yeah. so you saw that firsthand? yeah. no, i mean, it certainly social security is an example of it. you know, it's $1.25 trillion of by far the biggest government program by far. i think on the retirement side, it's reasonable to run because you know they set dates and it