so every time you have a cag, you get a glutamine. and in most of us, those glutamines are functioning in the protein. but what happens in huntington's is that gets expanded, and when the number of glutamines gets expanded in the protein, that confers a toxic property to it. and that causes cell death, and aggregation. so what happens with huntington's disease is that if you inherit more than 39 of those cags, you will get huntington's, and alan got it at 59. >> rose: so if you're more than 39 you are at high risk and you will definitely get it. >> you will definitely get it if you live long enough. if you inherit fewer than 35-- just think, there's only four difference there-- if you inherit less than 35, you will never get it. >> rose: no risk. >> what's wonderful about the insight it turns out this is not unique to huntington's. >> that's right. >> cag repeats in other diseases as well. >> exactly. so it turns out after this was discovered there are maybe 10 diseases that have this cag expansion. they all affect it the nervous syst