>>guest: cambridge university with philosophy of science i did my dissertation on the question of the origin of life head-on darwin's method of scientific research is how i get to the idea of intelligent design. >>host: and it says intelligent design. hardy you define that? >>guest: the idea there are certain features of biological systems that are best explained by the intelligence caused rather then the and directed process of natural selection. the best way to understand it by understanding in contrast that particular meaning for related to challenge. there are different meanings we are not challenging all of them. but indisputable space the challenges that is a long time ago. but the third reading is that the and directed or unindicted process on a random variations imitations is sufficient to give both the new form of structure we see rising but also the appearance of designed the most of biologists recognize >>host: a modern spokesman and foreign you darwinism he says biology is a study of complicated things that give the appearance to give the design for purpose for all classic

>> cambridge university. the philosophy of science, particularly biology, did my dissertation on the question of the origin of life and our was the method of scientific reasoning which is selling it to the idea of intelligent design. >> including the word intelligent design. how do you define intelligent design? >> great question. the idea that there are certain features of the biological system that are best explained by an intelligent pause rather than an underacted process such as natural selection and random mutation. maybe the best way to understand his but understanding it in contrast to that particular meeting of evolution. one of them is the area of change over time. the book above the cambrian explosion is all about that. another idea of a common ancestry. the third meeting of evolution is the nba that and and directed, and guided process, namely natural selection acting on random variations and mutations is sufficient to produce, the new form and structure, but also the appearance of design that alm

home counties, private school, cambridge university. i had a lot of fantastic opportunities. i also had two parents who were determined that my brothers, my sister and i, that we knew always how lucky we were. on both sides, their families have experienced huge upheavals. my dutch mother spent much of her childhood in a prisoner of war camp. my dad's russian mother had come to england after her family lost everything in the russian revolution. our home was full of different languages, relatives with different backgrounds, people with different views, music and books from different places. always toldd father us that people's fortunes can turn quickly. good fortune should never be assumed. misfortune can occur suddenly without warning. i think maybe because of the things their parents had been through, what they wanted -- while they wanted to give us everything, it was important that we didn't take things for granted. my brothers, sister and i were always taught to treat everyone the same, not to judge people by their background. we were raised to believe that everyone deserve

after securing a degree in economics from cambridge university, he decides to take a well-deserved vacationit would be fun to go to thailand, see the islands, party, have some fun. >> in august 2009, he and his friends head east. after several days of sightseeing, he notices an advertisement for a bungee jumping adventure. >> wow, this looks cool. i'm here, you know, carpe diem and all that. let's go. let's do this. >> along with playing the guitar, speaking italian and salsa dancing, bungee jumping is among his 15 things to accomplish in life. >> i'm was always someone looking for the next adrenaline rush in some way or another. this seemed like the perfect way to do it. >> his friends had already departed thailand so he decides to go it alone. >> my friends flew home four days earlier. i considered changing my flight to go with them. my mom said, why don't you come home with your friends? and the amount it was going to cost me to change my ticket i could live in thailand for another week. i was, like, why not? right? >> flyer in hand, he books the short flight to a remote part of thailand

sort of a present from her parents for leaving school and she was going to go back and go to cambridge university and study medicine, and she was in canada in 1939 and the war broke out and she quite literally couldn't get home. and so, she stayed in canada. she went to medical school in toronto and she met my father and never went back to england. c-span: on the cover these three men, tell us about each one of them. start with your great-grandfather lloyd george there on the left. >> guest: lloyd george is a very controversial figure indeed. he was from a very non-traditional background in those days for british prime ministers. he wasn't an upper class aristocrat. he came from fairly humble origins in wales and he really was a self-made man. he was enormously energetic, enormously capable, and enormously charming. he could really charm the birds out of the trees, i think. even people who didn't have any reason to like him would go into meetings with him and come out eating out of his hand. he was a great liberal and he'd never been much interested in foreign policy. that was one of the curious

universities that once thrived just a few miles away. today, tourists come to the ruins of the large residential campus of nalanda that flourished more than 1,400 years ago, well before cambridge, oxford, and universities in the west were founded. >> it was not just teaching buddhism. there was astronomy. then they were teaching what you call even mathematics, carpentry, architecture, various other subjects were being taught so it was -- ihad a very comprehensive multidisciplinary approach towards education. people were coming to nalanda to of course, and all other places. >> it's one way that buddhism spread elsewhere in asia. but in india it declined or was assimilated into hinduism, as hindu rulers, and later muslim ones, replaced those who supported or embraced buddhism. by the 12th century, nalanda had fallen into ruin. >> the decline of a university like nalanda also saw a power shift in knowledge to the west because the decline of nalanda coincides with the rise of the western university and the western system of knowledge and its transmission. and also follows -- and soon after, you had colonialism come in. now there is a desire for people once again to discover their

at -- jenna: that's what i was looking at, 192 countries done by came bridge university -- cambridge universityuite a study. what would be the turning point where you would say, you know, this is actually a direct tie, and how do you look at it? because all of us hear the research on a weekly basis from your show and others, and tsa it's hard to know what to do with the information. >> you have to be very skeptical about some of these studies, and, again, i'm not dismissing this. but this is an observational study meaning we don't really have a control group. this is what they observed, you know, for example, between the u.k. and france versus nigeria and cambodia, there's about 10% higher chance of alzheimer's in those countries that keep clean and don't have enough bacterias. that's just an ons sayings. -- observation. who's reporting this, who's diagnosing it? for example, in this country we have all the mris in the world. we can diagnose, and we report alzheimer's. maybe it's not being reported the same way in those countries. so you have to question this. what's the message to a lot of peo

. >> stephen hawking is adored, loved even, not just here at the university of cambridge but in manythe world, but and it's his research and theorys that have made him a household name, but it is also the fact he has achieved so much, while also suffering so much. and that means he is no longer just a scientist. by his own admission he is now also a celebrity. this is after all a man who took center stage during thoeping of the 2012 paralympics. he has been on chat shows, even star trek. for a man obsessed with space, honors do not get much bigger. >> you are bluffing. >> wrong again, albert. i think my celebrity has a lot to do with my condition. the wheelchair makes me instantly recognizable. i fit a stereo type of a disabled genius. >> reporter: when he was diagnosed with his degree he was given just three years to live. that was 50 years ago. his book became one of science's best-ever sellers. >> i'm richelle carey "people in power" is next. ♪ it's been over 20 years since the end of el salvador's butal cival war. but it's legacy of pain an misery still lingers. until now, amnest

we're used to looking at greek art this way, in museums, in this case, in a cast gallery, university of cambridgewhere they've assembled these figures-- plaster casts of the more important greek and roman statues present in many museums in the world. the art historian and archaeologist try to work out the original settings of these figures-- what was in the artist's mind when he made them and the impact on the society for which they were made. there are several examples here which show the difficulty we have in making this adjustment. this figure, probably made in crete in the seventh century b.c, isn't unlike figures which might have been made in other cultures in antiquity, syria or egypt. only an expert would know the difference. it's not distinctively and obviously greek. there's another problem about it, too, which we have to adjust for. there were traces of color on it, and a duplicate cast has been colored up with what they think to be its original colors. it's a striking difference to the way we're used to seeing such figures. we move on about 100 years to another figure-- one important c

he is a physicist from cambridge university, a scientific technical background and capacity, but thenr the last number of years has been working and strategicl issues, so that blended technical capacity, to start strategicand analysis helps inform this report in ways that are very important. james, let me turn it over to you, and then we will have a discussion. >> thank you, george. as a huge number of people who i should thank for the report, and i will not list everybody now. the organizations that i would just like to single out for thanks are the three organizations that contributed funding to this report. my genuine thanks to the macarthur foundation who provided primary support for this problem. -- project. also the hewlett foundation and the carnegie foundation of new york. i will take 14 minutes and then look forward to having a conversation with you. let me start by talking about be now is the right time to talking about conventional global strike. it is in fact an anniversary this year. it is 10 years since the u.s. oteri issued a so-called mission need statement -- the u.s.

not just here put the university of cambridge but many part of the world. it made him a household name but for many people who are not academic, it's fact that he's achieved so much while also suffering so much. that means that he is no longer just a scientist. by his own admission he is also a celebrity. this is a man who set the stage for the 201 2012 special olympi. far man obsessed with space, honors don't get much bigger. >> i think my celebrity has a lot to do with my ca condition. it is recognizable. i fit a stereotype of a disabled though i'm not. >> reporter: steven hawking was diagnosed -- he was given just three years live. that was 50 years a go. his books, "a brief history of time." his movie is brief just 19 minutes but gives a world a glimpse in to his history. his time. al jazeera, cambridge. >>> stay tuned. the forecast tapd weather is next. that's all i have an real money. victoria azarenko >>> we're watching the tropics now. a little activity here in the gulf and what was "manuel" is over mexico and still caution problems there with heavy

were new intellectual impulses, evidenced best of all in the founding of the great universities-- paris, oxford, and cambridge. inside the church, great scholars such as peter abelard, attempted to wrestle afresh with those eternal problems of the relationship between the rational and logic and faith. so everywhere there was a sense of change. nowhere is this sense of change revealed more dramatically than in architecture. in a drab suburb of paris at the church of saint-denis once the glorious burial place of the kings of france we can pinpoint the moment of transition to the new, visionary gothic style. it's rare in the history of western architecture when we can see a new style in a new place inneonument at a very specific moment in time. such is the case here where, for the first time the gothic style was created. william clark is an art historian who has made new contributions to our knowledge of saint-denis and chartres. the new style of architecture is characterized by these tall, thin columns, their foliage capitals that lift up the ceiling height, a network of pointed arches and rib vau@ts. these thi

. >> steven hawking is adored and loved not just here at the university of cambridge but other partsr many people who are not academic it's also the fact he has achieved so much and also suffering so much. and that means he is no longer just a scientist. by his own admission he is now also a celebrity. this is after all a man who took center stage during the opening of the 2012 para olympics. >> welcome professor steven hawking. >> reporter: on simpsons and star trek and honors do not get much bigger. >> you have nothing. >> remind me again albert. i think my celebrity has a lot to do with my condition. so the wheelchair makes me instantly recognizable and i fit an stereo type but i'm not like einstein. >> reporter: when he was diagnosed with a disease he was given just three years to live, that was 50 years ago. his book, a brief history of time, became one of science's best ever sellers. his movie is brief, just 19 minutes, but gives the world a glimpse into his history, his time. phil with al jazeera cambridge. >> reporter: just a reminder, we are getting reports from iraq of a bo

he's a physicist from cambridge university. a scientific technical capacity.for the last number of years has been working on arms com and strategic issue. the blend of technical capacity kind of historical analysis and strategic understanding, i think also helps inform this report in ways that are very important. james, let me turn it over to you and we'll have a discussion. >> thank you, george. the huge number of people who i should thank for help in the report. i'm not going list everybody now. through organizations -- flu organizations that contributed funding to the report. and so my genuine thanks to the macarthur foundation who provided support for the project. and also the -- foundation and the carnegie corporation of new york. let me start. i'm going try to talk for forty minute or so. then i look forward to having a conversation with you. let me start by talking about why now. is now the right time to be discussing conventional global strikes? and it in fact an anniversary this year. it's ten years since the u.s. military issued a so-called mission s

ocean physics group in the department of applied mathematics and theoretical physics at the university of cambridge those are wadhams welcome back to our program. thank you very much how has the r three here thank you how is the arctic sea ice changed over the last few decades. well it started to retreat in some down about fifty years ago and that was detectable then just about the speed of retreat has gone up very rapidly in the last few years and it's just accelerating all the time and the last year was the. lowest. in the some of those only about three million square kilometers of ice left and so we do the trend seems to be towards the ice disappearing completely in summer. to be there in the winter has this sort of loss of ice in the arctic happened before or at least at this rate. it's certainly not. as far as we know that have been long. seas of sea ice before when we look at sediments in the arctic ocean it looks as if there were a couple of periods about sixty thousand years ago when the arctic was ice free but . apart from that you have to go back a long way to have an arctic ocean that wa

cambridge, ellis lived here in washington. she graduated from johns hopkins university's d.c. campus, and she worked at the world bank. but she moved to africa to work for the clinton foundation. >> she and her baby's father. they went there because they thought it was the safest, best place for her to give birth. and they were staying in a place right across from the mall. and they were just walking home that day. >> in washington, kristin fisher, wusa9. >> another good-bye today. friends and family said good- bye to john johnson. johnson was one of the 12 people killed in the navy yard massacre. he was remembered as an optimist and religious man with an infectious smile. scott broom has more from gaithersburg. >> i'm scott broom in gaithersburg where today the family of navy yard shooting victim, j.j. johnson said they bare no ill will toward the navy yard attacker. johnson was a career logistics analyst who could have retired, but he wouldn't. he was renowned for giving big bear hugs. >> they loved him. >> johnson was the father of four adult daughters and nine grandchildren. remarkably, his family insisted there b

from cambridge to cambridge, the revolution marched and eventually conquered. keynesian economics swept american universitiesg before it became public policy in washington. roosevelt had a depression to fight. he had little time for theory. today, we can see that economics and the public policy it generates are fundamentally different because of john maynard keynes. professor gill, what was so revolutionary about keynesian economics? i think what excited academic economists was the idea i mentioned earlier. total demand, demand for consumers' goods plus business demand for investment, might not be sufficient to maintain a high level of employment. business investment demand collapsed in the depression. nobody was building new plants. they were already operating with unused capacity. keynes showed that this fall and investment demand might bring down consumers' demand as well. "what determines consumption demand?" keynes asked. basically, the level of income in the economy. if my income is $10,000 a year, i'll spend, say, $9,000 on consumers' goods. if my income is $20,000, i'll spend, say, $17,000. if my inc

in the end whiteboards or blackboards at the university of chicago or harvard university or even cambridge will not do. a testimony of history, i think, reveals a sufficiently-conclusive answer on that. what we need to do is look at the historical evidence. of the modern world trading system. let us call that a period of 300 years. and we need to look at what was the least imperfect monetary standard by which nations, families and groups of nations grew at rates of growth unparalleled in the whole history of homo sapiens, if you want to put it that way. and the facts are that imperfect people with imperfect institutions can only choose the least imperfect institution which will give them the stability of purchasing power of their wages and salaries over the long run. and it was the decision of the british in 1717 to establish a bond metallic system whereby the british pound was defined as a fixed weight of gold and silver, ultimately as a result of a certain transition, a pure gold standard to which in a network effect not unlike a microsoft operating system, more nations emulated the brit

ivy league universities as we call them here like oxford and cambridge that are never to be going to have more demand from students it's going to be more competition. for certain courses especially med law and that's only going to get more tough in the future now that we have higher university fees coming in all right let's just put this into context or start young money blog dot co dot u.k. what what is the focus of that of that blog of what you're work does i don't just cover my specific age group i've discussed financial issues in relation to children and also to those who are in the authorities who fall into the first time by katherina because i think the average age of the first time buying u.k. without any parental help is thirty seven so my book up is anybody really who's starting out in life you need guidance and solidarity when it comes to finances because there isn't much help that the media is focused on it's cool which and it's the same with politicians that vote is that old and sadly we do have policies tailored to that older. electorate ok the younger demographic most r

cambridge. it's also recognizing the troubled history for american universities doesn't and when this book ends.one of the things i did in this book was i stopped the book in the 1830s that the highpoint of scientific racism because i wanted to get the reader to the point where they could see it emerging without necessarily spending another 10 years telling the story. >> host: you being a professor of m.i.t., just quickly what do you say in the book? what is scientific racism? >> guest: there are a few chapters in the book where i read about the emergence of race in science and within science and one of the things that i argue is that not only does science become one of the key ways for establishing the legitimacy of racial flood and the racial defense of slavery. >> host: would i be incorrect in saying white supremacy? >> guest: yeah. you know it's the racial defense of slavery, the idea that african people are inherently inferior and created and prepared by nature for a certain level of humanity. and for a certain level of -- prepared by nature for that existence. that idea preexisted the rise

i had a forum a couple nights ago in cambridge and sunbury, different communities, universally, peoplestion for people that has come to me is okay this is a cute ad. it shows are you a progressive fighter. it shows you can get along with people. are you a serious candidate? the answer is yes. i have been in the legislature nine years. i have taken up some of the toughest fiechltsghts. the first is the health care clinic, that bill is headed to the u.s. supreme court this fall. so people look at people look ae ad, like it, think it's cute and they want to know what's the substance behind this candidate in this ad. i have a lot to offer. we'll show that in the next three weeks. >> we can't do a segment on race in massachusetts without slipping in massachusetts political history. i think you will appreciate this because i just remembered this last night. there is an interesting parallel here because the seat you're running for, running for the seat that ed markey held 36 years going back to 1976, and the story of how ed markey got his seat in 1976 is he was in a crowded democratic primary

. >> this new study from the university of cambridge, kids are absorbing lessons as young as age 7. 7them about money? >> the first lesson is money is a limited resource. the only way they will learn this is by having some money, spending it, preferably on something they regret and you as the parent cannot bail them out. they have to learn, once it's gone, it's gone and there are no do-overs in many, many cases. all right. they also at this age node to learn the importance of saving. the only way most kids will do that if if you force them to save part of their allowance. i'm a fan of allowance and you can also match what they're saving so they can get to the bigger reward faster. so if they want to save for an expensive american girl doll, if they want to save for a gaming system. match what they are doing. >> let's move next 9 to 11. >> so at this wage, kids can get the concept of value. so when you take them to the grocery store, have you this ongoing conversation with them about things like unit pricing and things like when post is on sale, kelloggs isn't, vicar is sa. get them in

cambridge. right. part of really honestly grappling with the troubled history of the american university is also recognizingthat the troubled history of the american university did not end when this book and it. one of the things i did was i stopped in the 1830's at the high point of scientific racism because i wanted to give the reader to the point where they could see the modern university emerging without necessarily spending another ten years. >> and i love the term scientific. just quickly, what do you say in the book? what is scientific racism? >> there are a few chapters in the book or just right about the emergence of race with in science. one of the things that i argue is that not only does science become one of the keyways for establishing the legitimacy for the racial defense of slavery. >> white supremacy. >> the racial defense of slavery, the idea that african people are inherently inferior and creative, prepared by nature for certain levels of humanity. and for a certain level of treatment. the lives of slaves, to put it bluntly. created by nature for that existence. that idea preexists the ri

university said since champion's death it revised student conduct code and created a new anti-hazing website. >>> the duchess of cambridge isn't the only one off the market. according to tabloids her sister pippa middleton is said to be secretly engaged. middleton and her stockbroker boyfriend met last year at a nightclub in london. the two are keeping the engagement quiet until after pippa's 30th birthday on friday. >>> diana nyad's epic journey nears the end. closes in on key west two days after leaving havana. mine was earned in djibouti, africa. 2004. vietnam in 1972. [ all ] fort benning, georgia in 1999. [ male announcer ] usaa auto insurance is often handed down from generation to generation. because it offers a superior level of protection and because usaa's commitment to serve military members, veterans, and their families is without equal. begin your legacy, get an auto insurance quote. usaa. we know what it means to serve. >>> can i just say diana nyad is amazing. for the fifth time trying to swim from cuba to florida without a shark cage and, guess what, she's almost done it. she is now just about five miles